scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Exposure to L-Band High-Power Microwave on the Brain Function of Male Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yanyun Lin ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
Yichen Guo ◽  
Qin Chen ◽  
Haiyang Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
High Power Microwave ◽  
L Band ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Power Microwave

Currently, the impact of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure on the nervous system is an increasingly arousing public concern. The present study was designed to explore the effects of continuous long-term exposure to L-band high-power microwave (L-HPM) on brain function and related mechanisms. Forty-eight male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were exposed to L-HPM at various power densities (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 W/m2) and the brain function was examined at different time periods after exposure. The morphology of the brain was examined by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Furthermore, cholinergic markers, oxidative stress markers, and the expression of c-fos were evaluated to identify a “potential” mechanism. The results showed that exposure to L-HPM at 1.5 W/m2 can cause generalized injuries in the hippocampus (CA1 and CA3) and cerebral cortex (the first somatosensory cortex) of mice, including cell apoptosis, cholinergic dysfunction, and oxidative damage. Moreover, the deleterious effects were closely related to the power density and exposure time, indicating that long-term and high-power density exposure may be detrimental to the nervous system.

Limiting Power of High Power Microwave Pulses from Aperture

2011 ◽  
Vol 383-390 ◽  
pp. 638-642
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Zhang ◽  
Wei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Power Density ◽  
High Power ◽  
Equivalence Principle ◽  
Pulsed Power ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Aperture Antenna ◽  
High Power Microwave ◽  
Air Breakdown ◽  
Power Microwave

Based on the field equivalence principle and the potential function, the axial normalized pulsed power density of the microwave radiated from the circle aperture antenna was deduced. The power density in the Fresnel region was calculated for uniform aperture and tapered one. The relations between the aperture antenna’s maximum power and the parameters including pulse width, aperture radius and the center frequency were analyzed. The formula of the antenna’s maximum power limited by the air breakdown due to high power microwave is presented.

scholarly journals “Neurocovid”: An Analysis of the Impact of Covid-19 on the Older Adults. Evolving Psychological and Neuropsychological Understanding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Palermo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

When SARS-CoV-2 began to spread, older adults experienced disproportionately greater adverse effects from the pandemic, including exacerbation of pre-existing physical and cognitive frailty conditions. More severe complications, higher mortality, and concerns about disruptions to their daily routines and access to care. Knowledge about the impact of COVID-19 on the brain is rapidly accumulating and this is reflected in the increasing use of the term “neurocovid”. Co-involvement of the central and peripheral nervous system had already been observed in SARS patients, but COVID-19 seems to invade it with greater affinity than other coronaviruses. This chapter provides an overview of the expanding understanding of the multiple ways in which COVID-19 affects the human brain, discuss the likelihood of long-term sequelae of neurocovid, and their implications for cognitive functions and behaviors in the elderly.

COVID-19, the Brain, and the Future: Is Infection by the Novel Coronavirus a Harbinger of Neurodegeneration?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adejoke Onaolapo ◽  
Olakunle Onaolapo
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Central Nervous System Involvement ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Brain

: The possible impact of viral infections on the development or pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders remains largely unknown. However, there have been reports associating the influenza virus pandemic and long-term infection with the Japanese encephalitis virus with the development of post-encephalitic Parkinsonism or von Economo encephalitis. In the last one year plus, there has been a worldwide pandemic arising from infection with the novel coronavirus or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 which causes a severe acute respiratory syndrome that has become associated with central nervous system symptoms or complications. Its possible central nervous system involvement is in line with emerging scientific evidence which shows that the human respiratory coronaviruses can enter the brain, infect neural cells, persist in the brain, and cause activation of myelin-reactive T cells. Currently, there is a dearth of scientific information on the acute or possible long-term impact of infection with SARS-CoV-2 on the development of dementias and/or neurodegenerative diseases. This is not unrelated to the fact that the virus is ‘new’, and its effects on humans are still being studied. This narrative review examines extant literature for the impact of corona virus infections on the brain; as it considers the possibility that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could increase the risk for the development of neurodegenerative diseases or hasten their progression.

Effects of high power microwave pulses on synaptic transmission and long term potentiation in hippocampus

2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei G. Pakhomov ◽  
Joanne Doyle ◽  
Bruce E. Stuck ◽  
Michael R. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Transmission ◽  
High Power ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
High Power Microwave ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Microwave Pulses ◽  
Power Microwave

scholarly journals Peripherally derived macrophages can engraft the brain independent of irradiation and maintain an identity distinct from microglia

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 (6) ◽  
pp. 1627-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Cronk ◽  
Anthony J. Filiano ◽  
Antoine Louveau ◽  
Ioana Marin ◽  
Rachel Marsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cns Inflammation ◽  
Conditioning Regimens ◽  
The Brain

Peripherally derived macrophages infiltrate the brain after bone marrow transplantation and during central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. It was initially suggested that these engrafting cells were newly derived microglia and that irradiation was essential for engraftment to occur. However, it remains unclear whether brain-engrafting macrophages (beMφs) acquire a unique phenotype in the brain, whether long-term engraftment may occur without irradiation, and whether brain function is affected by the engrafted cells. In this study, we demonstrate that chronic, partial microglia depletion is sufficient for beMφs to populate the niche and that the presence of beMφs does not alter behavior. Furthermore, beMφs maintain a unique functional and transcriptional identity as compared with microglia. Overall, this study establishes beMφs as a unique CNS cell type and demonstrates that therapeutic engraftment of beMφs may be possible with irradiation-free conditioning regimens.

Miniaturized high power microwave radiation-field measuring antenna at L-band

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 43002
Author(s):  
刘敏 Liu Min ◽  
刘小龙 Liu Xiaolong ◽  
晏峰 Yan Feng ◽  
刘瑛 Liu Ying ◽  
熊正锋 Xiong Zhengfeng
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Field ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
High Power ◽  
High Power Microwave ◽  
Field Measuring ◽  
L Band ◽  
Measuring Antenna ◽  
Power Microwave
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