scholarly journals Smartphone-Based mHealth and Internet of Things for Diabetes Control and Self-Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mehbodniya ◽  
A. Suresh Kumar ◽  
Kantilal Pitambar Rane ◽  
Komal Kumar Bhatia ◽  
Bhupesh Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Self Management ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Diabetes Patients

In patients with chronic diseases condition, mobile health monitoring facility proves to play a significant role in providing significant assistance toward personal management. This research examined the use of smartphones by diabetes patients and their intentions to apply them for self-care and monitoring as well as management. This cross-sectional survey-based study was conducted in Jul-Aug 2021 with 200 diabetic patients (especially type 2) who were visiting specialized clinics and hospitals of Gujrat state, India. A validated questionnaire survey was designed to collect data, which included questions about demographics, information pertaining to other, use of cellphones, the Internet, and the intention to implement smartphones for diabetes monitoring, self-care, and self-management. A highest number of studied participants have mobile phone (97.5%) and smartphones (87%) and access the Internet on daily basis (83.5%). Younger participants were more inclined to use smartphone apps and have also shown more interest for continuous use in the future ( p < 0.01 ). The majority of participants used apps for nutritional planning (85.5%), to monitor glucose control (76.5%), and for scheduling of diabetes appointments on the calendar (90.5%). Recommendations to use mobile app by doctors or healthcare profession were reported by 20.5% of the participants and attitude and future intention to use mobile apps were reported by the majority of participants. The majority of type 2 diabetes patients choose to use their cellphones and the internet or mobile phone reminder system for medication as well as to plan their diets, monitor their blood sugar levels, and communicate with their doctors. The findings of this research can be used to develop strategies and implement mHealth-based therapies to assist patients with type 2 diabetes to efficiently manage their health and might contribute to reducing patients’ out-of-pocket expenditure as well as reducing disability-adjusted life years (DAILY) attributed by DM.

scholarly journals Effect of a Ten-Week Short Message Service-Based Intervention on Self-Management of Type-2 Diabetes Patients in Bali, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-186
Author(s):  
Made Rini Damayanti ◽  
Gusti Ayu Ary Antari ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Nopriani
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that may pose serious complications if poorly managed. The application of mobile technology (m-health) ranging from simple to more complex programs in diabetes management has the potential to foster patients’ active involvement in their care. However, the evidence of m-health effectiveness on the self-management of type-2 diabetes patients in low- and middle-income countries is still mixed.Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a ten-week short message system (SMS)-based intervention (Tweek SMSDM) on self-management of type-2 diabetes patients.Methods: A quasi-experimental study was performed in two groups. The intervention group (n=30) received additional daily automated messages to enhance their diabetic self-care practice, while the control group (n=30) continued to follow the standard program only. Pre- and post-intervention data were measured in both groups using the Indonesian version of the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. T-test, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks, McNemar and Fisher exact tests were carried out to analyze the data.Results: After ten weeks, the intervention group showed significant mean changes in the domains of general diet (0.42±1.08; p=0.034), specific diet (1.75±1.42; p=0.0001), exercise (1.02±1.85; p=0.005), blood-glucose testing (0.53±1.67; p=0.009), and foot care (4.75±2.51; p=0.001) before and after the intervention, while the control group did not. This study also found significant differences in the mean scores for each domain of the SDSCA between the intervention and the control groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: The Tweek SMSDM program can improve the self-management of type-2 diabetes patients and positively affect each domain in the SDSCA. The findings of this study recommend that nurses integrate the program into patient treatment regimes in primary healthcare centers; therefore, patients and their significant others can play more proactive roles in their diabetic care.

scholarly journals The Association of Food Insecurity With Diabetes Control and Self-care in Diabetes Type 2 Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
marjan mohammadi ◽  
Seyyed Abolghasem Djazayeri ◽  
Asal Ataie-Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Abstract Background: Food insecurity can increase risks of health and nutritional problems, leading to difficulties in self-care and poor glycemic control in diabetic patients. Purpose: This study assessed food insecurity and its association with diabetes control and self-care in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods: In this cross sectional study, 148 adults with type 2 diabetes participated. Food insecurity and self-care were determined using the 18-item USDA household food security status questionnaire and self-care (SDSCA) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic and linear regression tests (SPSS 20 software).Results: Thirty-seven percent of the participants were food-insecure and significantly more likely than food-secure participants to have poor glycemic control (OR=3.02; CI: 1.45-2.65). No significant association was found between food-insecurity and overall self-care score.Conclusion: Food-insecurity was directly associated with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients. Since economic status was significantly better in the food-secure group, it can be postulated that financial problems will eventually lead to poor glycemic control.Policy strategies to increaseaccess to diabetes-appropriate foods mayreduce socioeconomic inequalities in glycemiccontrol.

Self-Care Oriented Smartphone Apps for Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucija Gosak ◽  
Nino Fijačko ◽  
Jeroen Ooge ◽  
Janja Kamenšek ◽  
Nika Debeljak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Smartphone Apps ◽  
Care Behavior

BACKGROUND Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a common cause of mortality worldwide: each year, the chronic disease kills over one million people, making it the ninth leading cause of death. The growing use of smartphone applications (apps) led to focusing on mobile health, which is increasingly oriented towards self-care of T2DM. With smartphone apps, patients can improve their self-care behavior and prevent complications of the disease. OBJECTIVE This research aims to search, analyze, and evaluate the quality of existing smartphone apps for self-care of diabetic patients to improve disease control and health status. METHODS In the Google Play Store and iPadian emulator, we systematically searched for Android and iOS smartphone apps. Smartphone apps that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed and evaluated with the American Association of Diabetes Educators’ self-care tool and the user version of the Mobile App Rating Scale, which assesses the integration of self-care behavior functions, and overall quality, respectively. RESULTS Out of 798 smartphone apps, we identified 12 relevant smartphone apps that included 51 out of 88 predefined self-care behavior functions. The average score for overall quality was 3.76/5 (SD=0.31), and the smartphone apps WeCheck -Diabetes lifelog, Blood Glucose Level, Smart e-SMBG - Diabetes lifelog, and Blood Glucose contained the most self-care behavior functions. CONCLUSIONS We argue that T2DM monitoring can be improved by implementing the correct quantity of self-care behavior functions and including elements related to the prevention of complications due to the T2DM.

scholarly journals Diabetes Self-management and Its Related Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Primary Health Care Settings of Kerman, Southeast Iran

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ali Khalooei ◽  
Lila Benrazavy
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Education ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Aims: Diabetes self-management (DSM) plays a crucial role in diabetes control. The present study was conducted to evaluate DSM and its related factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out among T2DM patients from January to March 2017 in urban healthcare centers of Kerman city, southeast Iran. A total of 600 T2DM patients were enrolled in the study using a multistage sampling method. Valid and reliable diabetes self-management questionnaire (DSMQ) was employed for data collection. Results: The mean (±SD) score of DSM was 6.92 (±1.17) out of 10 with inter quartile range 6.25-7.70. DSM mean score was higher in patients with higher educational level and household income significantly. Employed subjects (mean=7.18) had a higher DSM mean score than unemployed ones (mean=6.84). Moreover, DSM was better in patients who receive insulin and those with diabetes-related complications. DSM had a direct correlation with the number of visits by specialist physicians (r = 0.257, P < 0.001) and treatment duration (r = 0.103, P = 0.013). University education (Beta = 0.243, P < 0.001) was the strongest predictor of DMS, followed by high school education (Beta = 0.226, P < 0.001) and number of annual visits in primary healthcare centers (Beta = 0.205, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Self-Management behaviors were suboptimal among the diabetes patients. There-fore, designing and implementing effective interventions to improve self-care behaviors of diabetic patients is necessary in the first level of health delivery system in Iran.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors and Their Relationship With Self-management in People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Conceptual Framework Based on Socio-Cognitive Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Leili Rabiei ◽  
Masoud Lotfizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Abbasi ◽  
Akbar Babaei Heydarabadi ◽  
Reza Masoudi
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Background and aims: Maintaining the health of diabetic people depends on the self-management of the disease. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship of distress, self-efficacy, perceived social support, and self-care with self-management behaviors in the patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: The present analytical-descriptive study was conducted on 228 diabetic patients, during 2016-2017. Most of the participants were male (60.6%) and the mean age of them was 51.95±15.04. The participants were selected based on a simple random sampling method after completing the consent form. The required data were collected through questionnaires of distress, self-efficacy, perceived social support, self-care, and self-management. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. Results: Out of 228 participants, 77.3% were married and the highest frequency in terms of educational attainment was related to those with a high school diploma. The results indicated that the duration of affliction with diabetes was less than 10-15 years in 88.9% of the participants. Pearson correlation test demonstrated that the total score of self-management had a significant relationship with the total scores of distress, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and self-care (P<0.005). The results of regression analysis also indicated that distress, perceived social support, self-efficacy, and self-care had a predictive power of 0.43% for self-management. Among these variables, the predictive powers of self-efficacy and self-care were statistically significant, and the prediction rate of self-efficacy was more than that of other ones (β =0.17). Conclusion: The study findings showed that the researchers who want to perform interventions based on cognitive-social theory should mainly focus on self-care and self-efficacy.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Effect of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice on Self-Management in Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Dialysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shima Ghannadi ◽  
Atieh Amouzegar ◽  
Parisa Amiri ◽  
Ronak Karbalaeifar ◽  
Zhale Tahmasebinejad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background.Type 2 diabetes is an increasingly common condition with several preventable microvascular complications such as kidney damage. Nephropathy is expensive to manage, especially as hospital dialysis treatment. Improving patients’ knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) toward their condition can achieve better control, delay complications, and improve their quality of life. This study evaluated the KAP and self-care behaviors of diabetic patients on dialysis and variables that affect it.Methods.This cross-sectional study was conducted at Shahid Beheshti academic hospitals of Tehran, Iran. Face-to-face interviews were held to fill five validated questionnaires: three evaluating KAP, one evaluating self-management, and one evaluating quality of life.Result.117 diabetic patients on hemodialysis (42 females) with mean (SD) age of68.70±9.26years were enrolled in the survey. The scores for patient’s KAP, self-care, and quality of life were59.90±11.23,44.27±8.35,45.06±12.87,46.21±10.23, and26.85±13.23, respectively. There was significant negative correlation between patients’ knowledge and attitude with their glycosylated hemoglobin level and their fasting blood sugar. There was significant correlation between patients’ knowledge and practice with their self-care activities.Conclusion.The present study suggests that patients’ KAP scores have a practical effect upon self-care behavior. This highlights the needs for effective diabetes education programs in developing countries like Iran.

scholarly journals Management of Chronic Disease and Hospitalization Due to Diabetes among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Korea: Using the National Sample Cohort Data 2002–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2541
Author(s):  
Sang Lee ◽  
Woorim Kim ◽  
Sarah Oh ◽  
Jieun Yang ◽  
Jieun Jang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Cohort Data ◽  
Onset Of Diabetes ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Diabetes Patients

To prevent negative outcomes for diabetes patients, developing self-management skills is imperative. This study aimed to examine the association between management of chronic disease (MCD), which mainly involves educating patients about their chronic diseases for obtaining self-management skills and hospitalization due to diabetes among type 2 diabetes patients in Korea. Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort data from 2002 to 2013 were used. A total of 54,031 type 2 diabetes patients were included in the study. If patients received the MCD within 1 year from the onset of diabetes, we categorized them as “MCD received patients” We reclassified these groups into five groups: “non-receiving”, “1–3 times”, “4–6 times”, “7–9 times” and “10–12 times” The dependent variable of this study was hospitalization due to diabetes. Cox proportional hazard regression was used. Of the patients, 86.2% (n = 46,571) did not received the MCD within the 1 year from the onset of diabetes. The number of MCDs received increased and the hazard ratio (HR) for hospitalization due to diabetes decreased; particularly, patients who received MCD 10–12 times per annum showed the lowest HR for hospitalization due to diabetes compared to patients in the MCD non-received group (1–3 times per annum: HR: 0.81, p = 0.0001; 4–6 times per annum: HR: 0.82, p = 0.0248; 7–9 times per annum: HR: 0.75, p = 0.0054; 10–12 times per annum: HR: 0.61, p < 0.0001). Considering the importance of raising self-managing diabetes skills, the findings can aid in determining the outcomes of the MCD program.

scholarly journals Diabetes Self-Care Practice, and Associated Factors Among Type 2 Diabetic Patients in Public Hospitals of Tigray Region, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Medina Abdulkadir Wehabrebi ◽  
Goitom Molalign Takele ◽  
Hiyab Teklemichael Kidane ◽  
Kahsu Gebrekirstos Gebrekidan ◽  
Birhan Gebresillassie Gebregiorgis
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Tigray Region ◽  
Care Practices

Abstract Background: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is increasing steadily at an alarming rate and Ethiopia is placed fourth among the top five countries of the Africa region according to the International diabetes federation. Regardless of its burden, the self-care behaviors are still unknown. This study is aimed to determine the level of diabetes self-care practice and factors associated with among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in public hospitals of Tigray region.Methods: Institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in six selected hospitals of Tigray region from January to February, 2020. Data was collected by trained nurses with a face to face interview method using Summary Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with self-care practices. Statistical significance was declared at P-value < 0.05.Results: A total of 570 patients with type 2 diabetes were included in this study. The mean age of the participant was 46 ± 14.6 years. Less than half (46.7%) of the participants has good diabetes self-care practices. Urban residency (AOR=2.79, 95% CI 1.858-4.205), age group above 64 years (AOR=2.384, 95% CI 1.258-4.518), not having formal education (AOR=2.616, 95% CI 1.337-4.518), having family or social support (AOR=1.878, 95% CI 1.243-2.837), duration DM above 10 years (AOR=2.325, 95% CI 1.224-4.418), having personal glucometer at home (AOR=5.9, 95% CI 2.790-12.764) were determinant factors of good diabetes self-care practice. Conclusion: the diabetes self-care practices in the region was found to be low. Health care providers might have to consider actions to act on the identified factors and improve self-care practices of the patients. Especially, focusing on caring and giving follow up services to younger adults and DM patients coming from a rural areas.

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