scholarly journals Growth and Carotenoid Contents of Intercropped Vegetables in Building-Integrated Urban Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jin-Hee Ju ◽  
Sun-Young Cho ◽  
Hee-Yeon Song ◽  
Seyoung Ju ◽  
Yong-Han Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Β Carotene

Sustainable food security due to climate and social change is more important than ever. This study was conducted to increase plant growth and bioactive contents using intercropping technology in urban agriculture. Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and sunflowers (Helianthus annuus L.) were intercropped in different ratios in outdoor rooftop, and lettuce (Lactuca savita L.) was grown with chicory (Cichorium intybus. L.) in the indoor LED plant growth chambers. Carotenoids in plant foods were analyzed using an ultraperformance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. Chlorophyll contents were determined by the soil analysis development chlorophyll meter. Tomatoes planted with sunflowers (3 : 1) had a significantly larger stem diameter ( p < 0.05 ), a large number of leaves ( p < 0.05 ), and significantly higher lycopene at d88 ( p < 0.05 ), d102 ( p < 0.001 ), and d115 ( p < 0.01 ), and β-carotene contents at d102 ( p < 0.05 ) as compared to those of monocultured tomatoes. Lettuce planted in a ratio of 1 : 3 with lettuce and chicory had significantly higher contents of chlorophyll ( p < 0.05 ), β-carotene ( p < 0.05 ), and lutein ( p < 0.01 ), than lettuce planted alone. On the other hand, intercropping of chicory and lettuce did not have a beneficial effect on the growth and carotenoid content of chicory. The current study indicates that plant growth and carotenoid content can be substantially modified by cocultivation, and the effects may vary depending on the type of plant and the crop ratio.

scholarly journals Stability of Carotenoids in Dried Apricots (Prunus Armeniaca L.) During Storage

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Andreea POP ◽  
Andrea BUNEA ◽  
Florina COPACIU ◽  
Carmen SOCACIU ◽  
Adela PINTEA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Residual Concentration ◽  
Geometrical Isomers ◽  
Total Carotenoid Content ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Β Carotene

Apricots are well known for the high content of bioactive compounds such as carotenoids, polyphenols, vitamins and minerals. Several studies have pointed out the chemical composition or the biological effects of apricots, but limited information are available regarding the stability of active compounds during storage or processing. The aim of this study was to determine the stability of major carotenoids in commercial dried apricots during storage.Carotenoids were extracted monthly from dried apricots kept in a dark environment, at room temperature, for twelve months. Total carotenoids were determined using the spectrophotometric method while the most relevant carotenoids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) on a C30 column and using a gradient elution system.Initial carotenoid content of dried fruits was 6.72 mg/100g, while after six months of storage it decreased to 2.46 mg/100g. After twelve months of storage the total carotenoid content was 0.82 mg/100g, representing 20.35 % of the initial concentration. The major carotenoids identified in apricots were: all trans β-carotene, its geometrical isomers (9-cis-β-carotene; 13-cis-β-carotene; 9,13-di-cis β-carotene); β-carotene-5,8-epoxide; β-cryptoxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin palmitate. Significant decreases were observed for all pigments but all trans β-carotene appears to be the most sensitive pigment, with 15.7 % residual concentration. Although the concentrations of β-cryptoxanthin palmitate is small, it has shown significant increased stability compared to carotenes.

Quantification of Provitamin A Compounds in ChInese Vegetables by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. CHEN ◽  
J. R. CHUANG ◽  
J. H. LIN ◽  
C. P. CHIU
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Mustard Green ◽  
Β Carotene

The provitamin A contents of 16 vegetables grown in Taiwan were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection. The amounts of the major provitamin A compounds, (β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, and β-carotene ranged from 0–6.8, 0–27.7, and 0.6–104.9 (μg/g, respectively. The highest β-carotene content was found in basil, followed by onion fragrant, kale, carrot, spinach, water convolvulus, mustard, green onion, garland chrysanthemum, sweet potato, green pepper, yellow com, mustard stem, lettuce, cabbage, and celeriac. Carrot was the only vegetable found to contain α-carotene while com was the vegetable to contain (β-cryptoxanthin.

scholarly journals Effects of Application Methods of Boron on Tomato Growth, Fruit Quality and Flavor

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Weinan Xu ◽  
Pengju Wang ◽  
Luqiao Yuan ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Hu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Tomato Growth ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Β Carotene

The effect of application methods with different boron levels on the growth, fruit quality and flavor of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. ‘Jinpeng No.1’) were investigated under greenhouse conditions. Seven treatments used included two application methods (leaf and root application) with four boron levels (0, 1.9, 3.8 and 5.7 mg∙L−1 H3BO3). Experimental outcomes revealed that both application methods significantly increased net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content, and stabilized leaf structure of tomato. Leaf spray of 1.9 mg∙L−1 H3BO3 was more effective at improving plant growth and photosynthetic indices in tomato compared to other treatments. Additionally, root application of 3.8 mg∙L−1 H3BO3 resulted in better comprehensive attributes of fruit quality and flavor than other treatments in terms of amounts of lycopene, β-carotene, soluble protein, the sugar/acid ratio and characteristic aromatic compounds in fruit. The appropriate application of boron can effectively improve the growth and development of tomato, and change the quality and flavor of fruit, two application methods with four boron levels had different effects on tomato.

Studies on the Stability of Carotenoids in Garland Chrysanthemum (Ipomoea spp.) as Affected by Microwave and Conventional Heating

1992 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. H. CHEN
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Conventional Heating ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Photodiode Array ◽  
Array Detection ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Β Carotene

The effect of microwave and conventional heating on carotenoid stability in garland chrysanthemum was studied. Each cooking treatment was conducted for 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 min with two replications. The various carotenoids were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection. Experimental results suggested that microwave cooking could retain more β-carotene and less lutein than conventional cooking when the output power was 180 W. Epoxy-containing carotenoids were more susceptible to heat loss than other carotenoids. Both cis-lutein and cis-β-carotene contents were higher with the increase of heating time. The increase of cis-β-carotene content also implied that the provitamin A activity would decrease.

Analysis of electron-diffraction intensity profiles using a photodiode-array detection system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 322-323
Author(s):  
J. B. Warren
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Detection System ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Diffraction Intensity ◽  
Silicon Photodiode ◽  
Photodiode Array Detection ◽  
Analog To Digital ◽  
Photodiode Array

Electron diffraction intensity profiles have been used extensively in studies of polycrystalline and amorphous thin films. In previous work, diffraction intensity profiles were quantitized either by mechanically scanning the photographic emulsion with a densitometer or by using deflection coils to scan the diffraction pattern over a stationary detector. Such methods tend to be slow, and the intensities must still be converted from analog to digital form for quantitative analysis. The Instrumentation Division at Brookhaven has designed and constructed a electron diffractometer, based on a silicon photodiode array, that overcomes these disadvantages. The instrument is compact (Fig. 1), can be used with any unmodified electron microscope, and acquires the data in a form immediately accessible by microcomputer.Major components include a RETICON 1024 element photodiode array for the de tector, an Analog Devices MAS-1202 analog digital converter and a Digital Equipment LSI 11/2 microcomputer. The photodiode array cannot detect high energy electrons without damage so an f/1.4 lens is used to focus the phosphor screen image of the diffraction pattern on to the photodiode array.

scholarly journals Comparison of plant growth and remediation potential of pyrochar and thermal desorption for crude oil-contaminated soils

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noshin Ilyas ◽  
Uzma Shoukat ◽  
Maimona Saeed ◽  
Nosheen Akhtar ◽  
Humaira Yasmin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Thermal Desorption ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Oil Contamination ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Crude Oil Contamination ◽  
Germination And Growth

AbstractCrude oil contamination is a serious environmental threat for soil and plants growing in it. This study provides the first experimental evidence for comparison of the efficacy of pyrochar (slow pyrolysis biochar), thermal desorption and their combined application for degradation of crude oil contaminated soil (0%, 10%, and 20%), and growth of lettuce under glasshouse conditions. Pyrochar was produced by pyrolysis of sawdust at 350 °C, whereas thermal desorption was done by soil pyrolysis at 500 °C. Soil incubations were done for 120 days. The results of soil analysis showed that the crude oil degradation efficiency for the combined application was highest (40%), whereas pyrochar and thermal desorption was 25% and 19.6%, respectively. The maximum degradation products of crude oil were manifested by the detection of low molecular weight hydrocarbons (ranged between 173 and 422) in the soil with combined application treatment using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis. Crude oil contamination significantly reduced the germination and growth of the lettuce plants. Similarly, the combined application also improved plant growth by an increase of 24% in germination percentage, 35.5% in seedling vigor index, and 27% in promptness index under 20% crude oil contamination. Remediation caused a significant increase in fresh and dry biomass (40%), leaf area (30%), total chlorophyll (21%), water potential (23.6%), osmotic potential (27%), and membrane stability index (40%). Moreover, there was an increase in the contents of proline (32%), total amino acids (29%), soluble sugars (37%), proteins (27%), and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (19%), catalase (33%) and peroxidase (38%). This study confirmed the efficacy of pyrochar (slow pyrolysis biochar), thermal desorption, and their combined application for crude oil decontamination of soil at laboratory scale and also in improving soil usability by improved germination and growth of lettuce.

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