scholarly journals Analysis of Clinical Factors, Bacterial Genotyping, and Drug Resistance for Spinal Tuberculosis in South-Central China

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Weiwei Li ◽  
Yilu Zhang ◽  
Yunqi Wu ◽  
Xiao Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Central China ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Chain Reactions ◽  
South Central ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Spinal tuberculosis (STB), which is the most frequent and serious form of skeletal TB, is seriously harmful to a patient’s life. However, very little research has been conducted on clinical isolates of STB. The purpose of this study was to genotype clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from patients with STB, investigate their drug resistance profiles, and determine whether the genotypes and drug resistance patterns share any relationships with the demographic and clinical features of the patients. Preliminary species identification of the MTB strains was performed using a TCH/PNB culture method and multilocus polymerase chain reactions. Of the specimens collected from 85 hospital in-patients with STB at Xiangya Hospital, China, the 56 culture-positive MTB strains we identified were genotyped by spoligotyping. The strains were tested for resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATDs), and the demographic and clinical features of the patients were analyzed in combination with the genotyping and drug resistance results. Of the 56, cases, 53 involved M. tuberculosis and 3 involved M. bovis. Spoligotyping revealed 27 Beijing-type cases and 29 nonBeijing cases. When patients with STB were relapsing or experiencing systemic toxicity signs/symptoms (STS), the Beijing MTB-type strains predominated (p<0.05), but when the patients were receiving initial treatment or lacked STS, the nonBeijing type MTB strains dominated. The Beijing and nonBeijing types differed in their resistance patterns to 8 ATDs, and the resistance rate of the Beijing type was higher than that of the nonBeijing type (p<0.05). The bacteriological features of STB, including genotype and drug resistance, shared close relationships with the clinical features of patients with STB. Our data provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of STB.

Drug-Resistance Patterns of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with Reference to Their Lipopolysaccharide Compositions

Chemotherapy ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 323-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miyuki Hasegawa ◽  
Intetsu Kobayashi ◽  
Takeshi Saika ◽  
Minoru Nishida
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Resistance Patterns

scholarly journals Analysis of Helicobacter pylori’s Antibiotic Resistance Rate and Research on Its Eradication Treatment Plan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Li Jiao ◽  
Junmin Wang ◽  
Huan Ma
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
The Right

How to choose the right plan is the key to treatment, and this must take into account the local eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the drug resistance of Helicobacter pylori. In order to better eradicate Helicobacter pylori, in the current clinical treatment process, most of the combined treatments of triple drugs are used, but the therapeutic effect is still not ideal. In addition, many studies have focused on changing the types and dosages of drugs, but they have not yet achieved good results. This paper combines experimental research to analyze the drug resistance rate of Helicobacter pylori and obtains gastric mucosal specimens of patients through gastroscopy to cultivate clinical isolates of H. pylori.. Furthermore, this study used the Kirby-Bauer drug susceptibility disc technique to determine the sensitivity of H. pylori clinical isolates to a range of regularly used clinical antibiotics, as well as a set of instances of H. pylori antibiotic resistance. Finally, this research integrates experimental analyses and various successful eradication treatment plans to provide a unique eradication treatment strategy.

First-line antituberculosis drug resistance prevalence and its pattern among HIV-infected patients in the national referral tuberculosis centre, Iran

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Tabarsi ◽  
E Chitsaz ◽  
A Moradi ◽  
P Baghaei ◽  
P Farnia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Antitubercular Agents ◽  
First Line ◽  
Hiv Patients ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Culture Negative

The objective of this study was to determine the drug resistance prevalence and its pattern among tuberculosis (TB)–HIV patients in Iran. In this retrospective study, all admitted TB/HIV patients presenting to our tertiary centre during 2005–2007 were considered. After confirmation for TB–HIV, first-line DST was performed for culture-positive patients. The drug resistance patterns and the treatment outcomes were analysed. Of the total 92 TB/HIV patients, 27 were culture negative, and DST were available in 65. Intravenous drug abuse was seen in 59 (90.8%). Thirty-seven (57%) were ‘sensitive’ cases and 28 (43%) were ‘any drug resistance’ cases. Twenty-one (32.3%) were mono-drug, three (4.6%) poly-drug and four (6.1%) were multidrug-resistant TB patients. Previous anti-TB medication was significantly associated with any drug resistance ( P = 0.041; 95% confidence interval =0.086–0.984); however, having any drug resistance did not affect the treatment outcome ( P = 0.56). Streptomycin showed the highest resistance rate (27%) followed by isoniazid (20%), pyrazinamide (9.8%), rifampin (9.2%) and ethambutol (3%). Drug resistance to antitubercular agents in TB–HIV co-infected patients in Iran is high compared with other reports. Drug resistance is higher among those who have had prior anti-TB medication.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Correlation between Biofilm Formation and Drug Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Berrin Celik
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Luria Bertani ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
Study Laboratory

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine correlation between biofilm formation and drug resistance in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. Study Design: Bacteriological study. Place and Duration of Study: Laboratory of Microbiology of BilecikSeyhEdebali University, in Turkey, between April 2019 and November 2019. Methodology: Antibiotic susceptibility of the strains were determined using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method in accordance with the principles of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Biofilm presence in A. baumanniiwas identified by the quantitative method. the isolates were incubated in nutrient agar and was prepared from fresh cultures in tubes containing glucose-Luria-Bertani (LB) medium. The A. baumannii(ATCC 19606) type strain was used for comparisons. Results: In this study was determined the relationship between the biofilm production capacity of the A. baumanniibacteria and its antimicrobial resistance. According to the results obtained from our study, the highest resistance rate (%) was found ceftazidime and piperacillin (95 %) while the highest sensitivity was found colistin (96.6 %) and tigecycline (86.6 %) of the total 60 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates. In addition, the presence of biofilm in the bacteria was defined by quantitative method using microplate. In this study, biofilm was positive in 54 (90 %) isolates and it has been found 51 (85%) of the biofilm positive isolates to be resistant to piperacillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and meropenem. Conclusion: As a result, there is a positive relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance in thesebacteria.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics of 1378 Inpatients with Spinal Tuberculosis in General Hospitals in South-Central China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Liu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Gong-Zhou Chen ◽  
Wei-Wei Li ◽  
Yun-Qi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Spinal Tuberculosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Central China ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
South Central ◽  
Set Up

In this retrospective study, charts of inpatients with spinal tuberculosis (STB) treated in large-scale general hospitals in Changsha, Hunan, China, between 2007 and 2016 were reviewed to investigate their clinical characteristics. Demographic, epidemiological and clinical features, imaging findings, treatment methods, and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. There were 1378 patients, 805 males and 573 females, with a mean age of 43.7 years. The mean interval between symptom onset and diagnosis was 16.0 months (range 15 days–240 months). The incidence of back pain, radicular pain and symptoms of systemic toxicity was 92.5%, 40.1%, and 32.1%, respectively. The rate of neurological impairment was 49.9 %. STB was present in two or more vertebrae in 91.1% of patients, with two adjacent vertebrae being involved in 67.9% of them. The lumbar segment (38.2%) was the most frequently affected, followed by the thoracic spine (35.7%). The sacrococcygeal area was the least frequently involved (0.8%). Abscesses were detected in 65.5% of patients. One thousand patients (72.6%) were managed with surgery and 378 (27.4%) with anti-TB drugs only. Cure was achieved in 1215 patients (88.2%), whereas 49 (3.5 %) had relapses. Concomitant pulmonary TB (PTB) was diagnosed in 366 patients (26.6%) and 63 (4.6%) had concomitant diabetes. Compared with the previous five years, the number of older patients, urban patients, and medical staff with STB had increased by 6.1%, 5.2%, and 1.3%, respectively in the five years studied. STB remains a severe public health problem that cannot be ignored. Most of the patients ignored early symptoms and therefore received untimely treatment. Thus, surveillance for and treatment of STB in South-central China requires strengthening. In addition to the current China-wide database of patients with PTB, a China-wide database of patients with STB should also be set up.

scholarly journals Primary drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis in Shandong, China, 2004–2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan-mei Song ◽  
Yi-fan Li ◽  
Xiao-bin Ma ◽  
Jin-yue Liu ◽  
Ning-ning Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Joinpoint Regression ◽  
Primary Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics ◽  
Primary Drug

Abstract Background Primary drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) has contributed to a significant health and economic burden on a global scale, especially in China. we sought to estimate epidemiological characteristics of primary DR-TB in China from 2004 to 2018. Methods Eleven thousand four hundred sixty-seven newly diagnosed and 1981 retreated TB cases with drug susceptibility data were included. Chi-Square test for trends, linear regression, a joinpoint regression model and temporal trend in proportions of the different resistance patterns were carried out. Results The proportion of primary DR-TB and mono-resistant TB (MR-TB) in China had reduced by more than 12% since 2004, and were 21.38%, 13.35% in 2018 respectively. Among primary DR-TB cases (2173,18.95%), the percentage of multiresistant TB (MDR-TB, from 5.41 to 17.46%), male (from 77.03 to 84.13%), cavity (from 13.51 to 43.92%), rifampicin(RFP)-resistant TB (from 8.11 to 26.98%), streptomycin(SM)-resistant TB (from 50.00 to 71.43%) increased significantly (P < 0.05). On the contrary, the proportion of female, non-cavity, isoniazide(INH)-resistant TB (from 55.41 to 48.15%) and MR-TB (from 82.43 to 62.43%) decreased significant (P < 0.05). The primary drug resistance rate among female, cavity, smoking, drinking, 15 to 44 year-old TB subgroups increased by 0.16, 6.24, 20.95, 158.85, 31.49%, respectively. The percentage of primary DR-TB, RFP-resistant TB dropped significantly during 2004–2007 in Joinpoint regression model. Conclusion The total rate of drug resistance among new TB cases showed a downward trend in Shandong, China, from 2004 to 2018. Primary drug resistance patterns were shifting from female, non-cavity, INH-resistant TB, and MR-TB groups to male, cavity, RFP/SM-resistant TB, and MDR-TB groups. Considering the rising drug resistance rate among some special population, future control of primary DR-TB in China may require an increased focus on female, cavity, smoking, drinking, or 15 to 44 year-old TB subgroups.

scholarly journals Drug-sensitivity test and analysis of drug-resistant mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Kashgar, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110414
Author(s):  
Zhongchen Ma ◽  
Tianhao Sun ◽  
Xinyu Bai ◽  
Xiang Ji ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Rates

Introduction In recent years, drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains have gradually become widespread. Most drug resistance is related to specific mutations. We investigated M. tuberculosis drug resistance in the Kashgar area, China. Methods The drug-susceptibility test was conducted to clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. Genomic-sequencing technology was used for the drug-resistant strains and the significance of DNA sequencing as a rapid aid for drug-resistance detection and the diagnosis method was evaluated. Results The resistance rates of clinical isolates to rifampicin (RFP), isoniazid (INH), streptomycin (SM), ethambutol (EMB), and ofloxacin (OFX) were, respectively, 4.4%, 12.3%, 8.8%, 2.6%, and 3.5%. The single- and multi-drug resistance rates were, respectively, 80.0% and 20.0%. The resistance genes RopB, katG, InhA, RpsL, rrs, gyrA, and embB displayed codon mutations, while InhA was mutated in its promoter region. Kappa scores, evaluating the consistency between DNA sequencing and the resistance ratio methods for the detection of isolates’ resistance to RFP, INH, SM, OFX, and EMB, were 1, 0.955, 0.721, 0.796, and 1, respectively. Conclusion The resistance rate of INH and SM is relatively high in the Kashgar area. Detection of mutations in RopB, katG, InhA, RpsL, rrs, gyrA, and embB by DNA sequencing can predict drug resistance of M. tuberculosis strains with high sensitivity and specificity, and can be used for diagnosis.

Drug Resistance Patterns, Genetic Subtypes, Clinical Features, and Risk Factors in Military Personnel with HIV-1 Seroconversion

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (7) ◽  
pp. 502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie K. Brodine ◽  
Richard A. Shaffer ◽  
Monica J. Starkey ◽  
Sybil A. Tasker ◽  
Joyce L. Gilcrest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Genetic Subtypes ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Hiv 1
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