scholarly journals Resistin Activates p65 Pathway and Reduces Glycogen Content through Keratin 8

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Fengyun Wen ◽  
Qiao Xia ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Haipeng Shia ◽  
Amin Rajesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Keratin 8 ◽  
Filament Protein

Resistin is associated with metabolic syndrome and inflammatory conditions. Many studies have suggested that resistin inhibits the accumulation of glycogen; however, the exact mechanisms of resistin-induced decrease in glycogen content remain unclear. Keratin 8 is a typical epithelial intermediate filament protein, but numerous studies suggest a vital role of K8 in glucose metabolism. However, it is still not known whether K8 participates in the mediation of resistin-induced reduction of cellular glycogen accumulation. In this study, we found that resistin upregulated expression of the p65 subunit of NF-κB, which led to the promotion of K8 transcriptional expression; in turn, the expression of K8 inhibited glycogen accumulation in HepG2 cells.

scholarly journals Role of synemin, an intermediate filament protein, in adult skeletal muscle (1102.25)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Garcia‐Pelagio ◽  
Joaquin Muriel ◽  
Linda Lund ◽  
Meredith Bond ◽  
Robert Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Adult Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Filament Protein

scholarly journals Role of Tracheostomy in Respiratory Distress: A Study of 50 Cases

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Dimple Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Excessive Bleeding ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Respiratory Passage ◽  
Emergency Tracheostomy

ABSTRACT Tracheostomy plays a vital role in respiratory distress caused by different conditions, like respiratory passage of obstruction, head and neck tumor, surgeries, trauma patients and inflammatory conditions. Timing of the operation and postoperative care deserves more emphasis. Delay in the performance of this operation defeats the purpose of tracheostomy and if managed properly, it is a life saving procedure. The aim of the study was not only to give immediate relief to the patients of respiratory distress. But also to study age and sex distribution indication and evaluate factors associated with morbidity and mortality, intraoperative and postoperative complications associated with this procedure. This study was done on 50 cases of respiratory distress admitted in different department of Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, who underwent tracheostomy as an emergency or elective procedure. Most of the patients (24%) were of 50 to 60 years of age of which 60% were males. Emergency tracheostomy was done in most of the cases (64%). Most common complication was wound infection and granuloma formation (16%). Mortality due to primary disease (tumors of head and neck) was 34%. Followed by head injury (29%). Only one patient died of tracheostomy due to excessive bleeding. How to cite this article Sahni D. Role of Tracheostomy in Respiratory Distress: A Study of 50 Cases. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2015;8(1):20-23.

Structure and Assembly Properties of the Intermediate Filament Protein Vimentin: The Role of its Head, Rod and Tail Domains

1996 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. 933-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Herrmann ◽  
Markus Häner ◽  
Monika Brettel ◽  
Shirley A. Müller ◽  
Kenneth N. Goldie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Filament Protein

Gametogenesis: the playground of the developmental cytologist

1985 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
C. C. J. Miller ◽  
J. G. Duckett ◽  
B. Kirkham
Keyword(s):  
Multilayered Structure ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Protein Antigens ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
System A ◽  
Alignment System ◽  
Homosporous Ferns ◽  
Filament Protein ◽  
Generating System

SynopsisDevelopmental ultrastructural studies have led to major advances in our understanding of key questions ranging from the causal basis for the alternation of generations and the role of the cytoskeleton in cellshaping processes to the phylogeny of archegoniate plants. Oogenesis is characterised by profound nuclearcytoplasmic interactions accompanied by striking changes in the egg mitochondria and plastids. At fertilization, egg penetration is a physical process and the plastids from the spermatozoids are excluded from the egg. Considerable dissimilarity between the shapes of the biflagellate spermatozoids of Lycopodium and Selaginella underlines their ancient separation. Equally striking differences in spermatozoid architecture argue against any direct phyletic link between heterosporous and homosporous ferns. Taxonomic variations between the spermatozoids of homosporous ferns suggests blepharoplast morphology to be a potentially rich source of new systematic data. Whilst there is general agreement that the multilayered structure is a cytoskeletal alignment system, a proposed shape-generating system situated near the nuclear envelope, which provides the force necessary for spermatozoid morphogensis, has not yet been identified. New fixation procedures have revealed hitherto overlooked filamentous elements associated with the nucleus. Whereas tests for actin were negative, immunoblotting suggests that these contain the intermediate filament protein antigens.

Perspective and Potential of A2A and A3 Adenosine Receptors as Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (26) ◽  
pp. 2859-2874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogendra Pal ◽  
Nabamita Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Rashmi S. Pal ◽  
Sarfaraz Ahmed ◽  
Shantanu Bandopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Adenosine Receptors ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Immune Disorder ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

Adenosine is a purine nucleoside which is an effective controller of inflammation. The inflammatory effect of adenosine is expressed via its four receptor subtypes viz. A1, A2A, A2B and A3. The various inflammatory conditions including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are initiated by adenosine receptors of which A2A and A3 play a vital role. RA primarily is an auto-immune disorder which is manifested as chronic inflammation in the synovial lining of joints. In order to develop an effective treatment, the role of cytokines, IL–1, TNF-α and IL–6 is crucial. Besides, the knowledge of PI3K-PKB/Akt and NF-kB signaling pathway is also important to understand the antiinflammatory targets. Methotrexate along with various other molecules like, NSAIDs and DMARDs are presently used as treatment lines for controlling RA. The enhanced knowledge of the preclinical stages and pathogenesis along with recent potent therapeutics raises the hopes that RA can be prevented in the near future.

scholarly journals Keratin 8 protection of placental barrier function

2003 ◽  
Vol 161 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jaquemar ◽  
Sergey Kupriyanov ◽  
Miriam Wankell ◽  
Jacqueline Avis ◽  
Kurt Benirschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Trophoblast Giant Cell ◽  
Primary Defect ◽  
Keratin 8 ◽  
Filament Protein

The intermediate filament protein keratin 8 (K8) is critical for the development of most mouse embryos beyond midgestation. We find that 68% of K8−/− embryos, in a sensitive genetic background, are rescued from placental bleeding and subsequent death by cellular complementation with wild-type tetraploid extraembryonic cells. This indicates that the primary defect responsible for K8−/− lethality is trophoblast giant cell layer failure. Furthermore, the genetic absence of maternal but not paternal TNF doubles the number of viable K8−/− embryos. Finally, we show that K8−/− concepti are more sensitive to a TNF-dependent epithelial apoptosis induced by the administration of concanavalin A (ConA) to pregnant mothers. The ConA-induced failure of the trophoblast giant cell barrier results in hematoma formation between the trophoblast giant cell layer and the embryonic yolk sac in a phenocopy of dying K8-deficient concepti in a sensitive genetic background. We conclude the lethality of K8−/− embryos is due to a TNF-sensitive failure of trophoblast giant cell barrier function. The keratin-dependent protection of trophoblast giant cells from a maternal TNF-dependent apoptotic challenge may be a key function of simple epithelial keratins.

scholarly journals Sarcolemmal Organization in Skeletal Muscle Lacking Desmin: Evidence for Cytokeratins Associated with the Membrane Skeleton at Costameres

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2347-2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea O'Neill ◽  
McRae W. Williams ◽  
Wendy G. Resneck ◽  
Derek J. Milner ◽  
Yassemi Capetanaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Membrane Skeleton ◽  
Intermediate Filament Protein ◽  
Mouse Muscle ◽  
Intermediate Filament Proteins ◽  
Fast Twitch Muscle ◽  
Filament Protein ◽  
Fast Twitch

The sarcolemma of fast-twitch muscle is organized into “costameres,” structures that are oriented transversely, over the Z and M lines of nearby myofibrils, and longitudinally, to form a rectilinear lattice. Here we examine the role of desmin, the major intermediate filament protein of muscle in organizing costameres. In control mouse muscle, desmin is enriched at the sarcolemmal domains that lie over nearby Z lines and that also contain β-spectrin. In tibialis anterior muscle from mice lacking desmin due to homologous recombination, most costameres are lost. In myofibers from desmin −/− quadriceps, by contrast, most costameric structures are stable. Alternatively, Z line domains may be lost, whereas domains oriented longitudinally or lying over M lines are retained. Experiments with pan-specific antibodies to intermediate filament proteins and to cytokeratins suggest that control and desmin −/− muscles express similar levels of cytokeratins. Cytokeratins concentrate at the sarcolemma at all three domains of costameres when the latter are retained in desmin −/− muscle and redistribute with β-spectrin at the sarcolemma when costameres are lost. Our results suggest that desmin associates with and selectively stabilizes the Z line domains of costameres, but that cytokeratins associate with all three domains of costameres, even in the absence of desmin.

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