scholarly journals The Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Their Associated Factors among Diabetes Mellitus Patients at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Sintayehu Ambachew ◽  
Muluneh Assefa ◽  
Yalewayker Tegegne ◽  
Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
The University

Background. Worldwide, more than one-sixth of the population is infected by intestinal parasites, of which the majority live in developing countries. On the other hand, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus has been increasing over recent decades in developing countries. Patients with diabetes mellitus encountered impaired immunity and suffer from the consequences of infection particularly intestinal parasitic infection. Objective. This study is aimed at assessing the prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors among diabetes mellitus patients at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods and Materials. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital from February 15 to March 30, 2018. A total of 234 diabetes mellitus patients were enrolled. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. A 5-gram stool sample was collected to identify parasitic infection using a direct wet mount and formal-ether concentration technique. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. A p value of ≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result. In the current study, the overall prevalence of intestinal parasite infection among diabetics was 45 (19.2%). The parasites identified in this study were Ascaris lumbricoides 15 (6.41%), Entamoeba histolytica/dispar 9 (3.85%), Hookworm 9 (3.85%), Schistosoma mansoni 7 (3%), Enterobius vermicularis 3 (1.3%), and Giardia lamblia 2 (0.9%). Poor educational background ( AOR = 3.62 ; 95% CI (1.038, 12.65); p = 0.043 ), poor hygiene and sanitation ( AOR = 4.67 ; 95% CI (1.82, 12.07); p = 0.001 ), and inappropriate latrine usage ( AOR = 5.41 ; 95% CI (1.43, 20.56); p = 0.013 ) were significantly associated with the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among diabetes mellitus patients was relatively high. There should be continued prevention, control, and management of intestinal parasitic infection in such a study population.

scholarly journals Intestinal parasite infections and associated factors among inmates of Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia: cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemechu Ameya ◽  
Zerihun Zerdo ◽  
Mihret Tesfaye ◽  
Chimdo Jabesa ◽  
Abayneh Awaje ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giardia Lamblia ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the parasitic infections affecting people living in prison. Helminths and intestinal protozoan infections are the most common parasitic infection that may cause serious life-threatening diseases in inmates living in developing countries. This study was aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) among inmates living in Arba Minch prison, southern Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted on Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to gather the data of socio-demographic characteristics, hygiene status of the prisoners, sanitation condition of the prison, and associated factors for IPIs by face to face interview. Direct wet-mount examination and formol-ether sedimentation techniques were used to examine intestinal parasitic infection from stool specimens. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to see the association between different variables and the IPI. Odds ratio with 95% CI was computed to determine the presence association and strength of the associated factors. Result A total of 320 prisoners were participated in this study. Of these, 154(48.1%) of them were infected with one or more intestinal parasites. Eight different intestinal parasites species were identified and Giardia lamblia was the predominant parasite. Among infected inmates, nearly one out of four of them had multiple parasitic infections dominated by Giardia lamblia and E. histolytica/dispar co-infection. Sleeping in group [AOR = 1.9; 95% CI: (1.0–3.8)], married prisoners [AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: (1.1–2.9)], and hand washing habits after handling soil [AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: (1.0–5.6)] were independently associated with IPI. Conclusion High prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was detected in Arba Minch inmates, southern Ethiopian. Absence of hand washing, marital status, and way of sleeping were the factors associated with the IPI. Implementation of mass drug administration, education on water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and periodic screening of intestinal parasitic infection is very important to reduce the high prevalence IPIs in prison.

scholarly journals Magnitude and associated factors of peripheral cytopenia among HIV-infected children attending at University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247878
Author(s):  
Biruk Bayleyegn ◽  
Berhanu Woldu ◽  
Aregawi Yalew ◽  
Fikir Asrie
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Early Investigation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Isolated or multi lineage cytopenia are the most common clinicopathological features and independently associated with increased risk of disease progression and death among human immunodeficiency virus infected children. In the study area, there is scarcity of data about the magnitude of various cytopenia. Objectives Aimed to determine the magnitude and associated factors of peripheral cytopenia among HIV infected children at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital ART clinic, Northwest Ethiopia. Methods Institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted on 255 HIV infected children from January- April 2020. None probable convenient sampling technique was used to select the study participant. Socio demographic data were collected by pre tested structured questionnaire via face-to-face interview and their medical data were obtained from their follow-up medical records. Moreover, blood specimens were collected and examined for complete blood count, viral load and blood film, whereas stool specimens were collected and examined for intestinal parasites. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression models were fitted to identify associated factors of cytopenia. P-Value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Result The overall magnitude of peripheral cytopenia was 38.9%. Anemia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia and bi-cytopenia were 21.2%, 12.2%, 11%, 1.6% and 3.9% respectively. Being in the age group of 2–10 years (AOR = 5.38, 95%CI 2.33–12.46), AZT based regimen (AOR = 5.44, 95%CI: 2.24–13.21), no eating green vegetables (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.26–4.92) and having plasma viral load >1000 copies /ml (AOR = 5.38, 95%CI: 2.22–13.03) showed significant association with anemia. Conclusion Anemia was the predominant peripheral cytopenia among HIV infected children in this study. It was strongly associated with AZT based drug type, age below 10 years and high viral load. Critical stress should be given for early investigation and management of cytopenia in addition to the use of alternative drug which leads to higher viral suppression and lower risk of toxicity issue.

scholarly journals Intestinal Parasites And Associated Factors Among Food Handlers  In Mizan-Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasihun Adraro ◽  
Girma Mamo ◽  
Aklilu Mamo ◽  
Mesenbet Muluken ◽  
Samuel Sahile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food And Drink ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background: - Food borne diseases are a challenge for both developed and developing countries and are a leading cause of illnesses and deaths in developing countries. Regardless of concentrative hard work for several years, food borne diseases has remained a major global public health issue with substantial morbidity and mortality associated with the consumption of contaminated food staffs. Parasitic infection is among the major disease especially in developing countries and sub-Saharan countries including Ethiopia. Objective: -This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites and associated factors among food handlers working in food and drink establishments at Mizan Aman town southwest Ethiopia. Method:- A community based cross sectional study design was employed. Four hundred eighteen study participants were randomly selected from a total of 209 foods and drinks establishment in Mizan Aman Town, Bench Maji Zone, and Southwest Ethiopia. Epidata version 3.1 used for data entry while SPSS version 21 used for analysis. Descriptive and logistic regression analysis carried out ; predictor variables at 95 % CI using p –value ≤0.05 were declared as statistically significant. Result: Among 399 participants, 203(50.9%) were female and 194(49.1%) were male. Almost half 194 (48.6 %) of the participants age was below 20 years . The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study subjects was 26.1% ; from this Ascaris lumbricoides 7.3% and Teniasis species 5% were the predominant parasites identified from the stool of study participants. Conclusion: The study identified high prevalence of intestinal parasites among study participants who worked for less than one year duration , wear hand jewelry, not practice hand washing routinely, not wearing hair net, food preparation during sickness and use the same equipment for raw and cooked food serving. Training about safe food handling and other hygienic practices should be encouraged for better personal and community health status. On the other hand, all concerned should pay attention to safe guard consumers’ health. Key terms: - Intestinal parasites, Food handlers, Food and drink establishment

scholarly journals A Five-Year Trend of Intestinal Parasite Prevalence among Students Attending Clinic at University of Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Adane Derso ◽  
Gizachew Yenealem ◽  
Ayenew Addisu
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infections ◽  
The University

Background. Intestinal parasitic infections are the cause of the highest worldwide infectious disease and the major public health problems in developing countries. Among the cases, children and younger age are at high risk and the major victims. The aim of this study was to assess the five-year trend of intestinal parasite prevalence among University of Gondar students. Method. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the trend of intestinal parasite prevalence among students at the University of Gondar. The data was collected from students who have studied at the University of Gondar from 2014 to 2018 and who visited the student’s clinic and had recorded results of stool sample diagnosis on the laboratory logbook. Stool specimens were examined using direct saline wet mount methods. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 software, and P value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Moreover, chi-square was used to assess the association of different variables. Result. During the study period, a total of 6244 stool samples were requested for intestinal parasite diagnosis and it was found that 2850 specimens were positive for intestinal parasites, representing an overall prevalence of 45.6% with a fluctuating trend. Ten different parasites were reported with Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (20.3%) and Giardia lamblia (8.2%), the most frequently detected intestinal parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was higher in males (35.4%) than females (10.2%) ( P = 0.02 ). Conclusions. Intestinal parasitic infection was highly prevalent, and there were fluctuations in the prevalence of intestinal parasites from 2014 to 2018. Environmental sanitation improvement and health education schemes at the University of Gondar can be considered quite indispensable for the prevention and control of parasitic infections in the area.

Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors among HIV Patients who had Follow up at Debre Markos Referral Hospital,Northwest Ethiopia,from 2015-2019.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wodaje Gietaneh ◽  
Ayalnesh Agegne ◽  
Getnet Gedif
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Immune Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Deficiency Syndrome ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Human Immune Deficiency Virus ◽  
Debre Markos

Abstract Objective To assess prevalence of intestinal parasite and associated factors among patients with human immune deficiency virus (HIV)/ acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Debre markos referral hospital, Amhara region, Ethiopia from 2015-2019RESULTS This study revealed that, out of 380 patients, the prevalence of intestinal parasites was found to be 24.2% with95%CI (18.9, 28.4). The most predominant parasite was both forms of Entamoeba histolytica 11.3% followed by G.lambilia 8.9%, Strongyloides sterocoralis 2.4%, but A.lumbricoid 0.8% and H.worm 0.8% were the least detected. ART status had significant association with prevalence of intestinal parasites (AOR =3.566, CI: 1.882, 6.758).

scholarly journals Magnitude of Intestinal Parasitosis and Associated Factors in Rural School Children, Northwest Ethiopia

1970 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megbaru Alemu ◽  
Abay Anley ◽  
Kiros Tedla
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Predominant Species ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis

BACKGROUND: Intestinal parasitoses are among the most commonly encountered infections among school children in poor regions of the world. Up to 600 million school children are living in areas where there is high transmission of parasitic worms. Intestinal parasitic infection has been found to have a great effect on nutritional and cognitive status, school absenteeism and dropouts among school age children. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of intestinal parasites infections and associated factors among children in a rural primary school, Northwest Ethiopia.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2016 among Gob Gob Primary School children. The study participants were provided with labeled stool cups to give stool specimen. The stool samples were processed via direct wet mount and formal-ether concentration techniques. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic data and data on factors associated with intestinal parasitic infection through face-to-face interview.RESULTS: Out of the 273 school children, 84(30.8%) were infected with at least one parasite species. Higher proportion of intestinal parasitic infection was recorded for boys (38.9%), the age group 6-10 years (38.9%), children with untrimmed finger nails (36.4%) and among those whose drinking water was from a stream (56.1%). The predominant species identified were A. lumburicoides 28(33.3%), H. nana 12(14%), E. histolytica/dispar 11(13%), G. lamblia 9(11%), hookworms 7(8.3%), Taenia spp 6(7%), E. vermicularis 6(7%), T.trichuria 4(4.8%) and S. stericoralis 1(1.2%).CONCLUSION: This study showed that intestinal parasites were prevalent among the school children in focus. Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant species. 

scholarly journals Causes for diarrhoea and infection with intestinal parasites among HIV positive patients at a referral hospital in Central Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Million Getachew Mesfun ◽  
Andre Fuchs ◽  
Martha Charlotte Holtfreter ◽  
Torsten Feldt ◽  
Dieter Häussinger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Count ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Intestinal Parasitic Infection ◽  
Cd4 Cell Count ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Intestinal Parasitosis ◽  
Cd4 Cell

Abstract Background: Intestinal parasitic infections are a major public health challenge in many tropical countries. Opportunistic intestinal coccidia such as Cryptosporidia, Cytoisospora or Cyclospora species are common pathogens which are regularly missed using widely practiced wet mount stool microscopy techniques. Therefore, treatment choices are limited and mostly rely on empirical use of cotrimoxazole. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among HIV-infected individuals with and without diarrhoea at the Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital in Ethiopia. Methods: This institution-based cross sectional study was conducted among 163 ambulatory HIV-infected patients with and without diarrhoea. Stool samples were processed for both wet mount and Kinyoun stain. EDTA blood was collected for analysis of CD4 cell count using BD FACSCount™ Flow Cytometer. Sociodemographic and behavioural data was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The majority of study participants (62.0%, n=101) were female and the mean age was 38.2 (SD +10.7) years. 52.1% (n=85) of the participants suffered from diarrhoea. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in the study population was 18.4% (n=30). Protozoa (Cryptosporidium spp., E. histolytica, G. lamblia and Pentatrichomonas hominis) and helminths (Taenia spp., A. lumbricoides, S. stercoralis, T. trichuria and H. nana) were detected in 12.9% (n=21) and 5.5% (n=9) of patients, respectively. The likelihood for having a parasitic infection was more than eight times higher in participants having diarrhoea. No oocysts of coccidian parasites were detected in the routinely performed wet mount stool microscopy, as expected. Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of opportunistic intestinal parasitic infection in the studied population. Considering the clinical relevance of opportunistic infections particularly in individuals with low CD4 cell count and diarrhoea, the implementation of both stool concentration and modified acid fast staining techniques should be considered to enhance the quality of health care service for HIV-infected patients in resource-limited settings as Ethiopia.

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