scholarly journals Evaluating Knowledge, Practices, and Barriers of Paediatric Pain Management among Nurses in a Tertiary Health Facility in the Northern Region of Ghana: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Abubakari Wuni ◽  
Solomon Mohammed Salia ◽  
Mudasir Mohammed Ibrahim ◽  
Iman Iddriss ◽  
Brenda Abena Nyarko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Insufficient Knowledge

Background. Pain is a major source of distress for children on admission, parents, and clinician. Hospitalized children continuously experience unrelieved pain; hence, the provision of effective pain management is an integral and important part of the nurse’s role. Adequate knowledge and positive practices of nurses regarding pain management among children are key if optimal pain management is to be achieved among paediatric cases. However, there is a paucity of published data on paediatric management among nurses in the northern part of Ghana. Aim. The current study, therefore, evaluated nurse’s knowledge and practices and identified the barriers to paediatric pain management in the Tamale Teaching Hospital, Ghana. Methodology. This was a descriptive cross-sectional facility-based study that employed a quantitative approach to data collection. A total of 180 nurses were selected conveniently from 10 selected wards of the hospital for the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The data were subsequently analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. Logistic regression analysis was done to determine the association between the dependent and independent variables of interest. Results. The findings revealed that the majority (61.1%) of all the nurses had an overall good knowledge of paediatric pain management while 57.8% demonstrated good practices of pain management. From the study, the most reported barriers to paediatric pain management by the nurses were insufficient knowledge in pain management (76.1%), inadequate paediatric pain assessment tools (73.9%), and inadequate staffing (72.2%). In further analysis, critical care nurses were 5.87 times more likely to engage in good practices of paediatric pain management than paediatric nurses (OR = 5.87 (95% CI : 1.07–32.00), p = 0.041 ). Conclusion. The majority (61.1%) of all the respondents showed good knowledge of pain management and 57.8% demonstrated good pain management practices. Despite the high knowledge and practice, factors such as insufficient knowledge in pain management (76.1%), inadequate paediatric pain assessment tools (73.9%), and inadequate nurse staffing (72.2%) affect effective pain management. Paediatric pain management should be treated as a priority, and hence more efforts should be put in place to curtail the barriers that hinder its practice.

scholarly journals Pain Prevalence in a Pediatric Hospital: Raising Awareness during Pain Awareness Week

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. e24-e30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Harrison ◽  
Cynthia Joly ◽  
Christine Chretien ◽  
Sarah Cochrane ◽  
Jacqueline Ellis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Pediatric Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Scores

BACKGROUND: Despite the evidence and availability of numerous validated pain assessment tools and pain management strategies for infants and children, their use remains inconsistent in clinical practice.OBJECTIVES: To describe the prevalence of pain, pain assessment and pain management practices at a tertiary pediatric hospital in Canada.METHODS: The cross-sectional study design involved a combination of interviews with children and/or caregivers, and chart audits in five inpatient units. Information regarding pain intensity, painful procedures and pain management strategies was obtained from children and/or caregivers by interview. Patient charts were reviewed for information regarding pain assessment, pain scores, and pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions.RESULTS: Sixty-two children (four days to 17 years of age) participated. Most children or their caregivers (n=51 [84%]) reported that pain was experienced during their hospitalization, with 40 (66%) reporting their worst pain as moderate or severe. Almost one-half reported analgesics were administered before or during their most recent painful procedure. Nineteen (32%) reported sucrose, topical anesthetics or nonpharmacological interventions were used; however, they were documented in only 17% of charts. Pain scores were documented in 34 (55%) charts in the previous 24 h. The majority of the children or their caregiver (n=44 [71%]) were satisfied with pain management at the study hospital.CONCLUSIONS: Most infants and children had experienced moderate or severe pain during their hospitalization. Analgesics were frequently used, and although nonpharmacological strategies were reported to be used, they were rarely documented. Most parents and children were satisfied with their pain management.

Pain assessment, documentation, and management in a university hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
S. Zoёga ◽  
T. Aspelund ◽  
G. Sigurdsson ◽  
S.E. Ward ◽  
H. Sveinsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
Pain Management Index ◽  
Pain Medications ◽  
Pain Prevalence

AbstractAimsTo determine if pain is assessed, documented, and treated in a university hospital according to recommended practice.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted in 23 medical and surgical wards in a university hospital. Participants were patients hospitalized for at least 24hours, ≥18 years of age, and able to participate. Data were collected from patients with a questionnaire (APS-POQ-R), from their medical records, and from Therapy®, the hospital medication system.ResultsThe response rate was 73%. Participants (N =308) mean age was 67.5 years (SD = 17.4), 50.5% were women. Pain prevalence in the past 24 h was 83.1% and severe pain was experienced by 34.5%. Descriptions of pain were documented for 60.7%. Standardized methods of assessment were used in 11.6% of patients, other forms of documentation included descriptions as “no pain-complaints”, and “patient received 2 Panodil”. The majority of patients (66.8%) were prescribed pain medications and 34.0% of patients used non-pharmacological methods to treat their pain. The pain management index (PMI = prescribed pain medication – worst pain severity) was negative for 38.6% indicating insufficient treatment. The PMI was more favorable in surgical compared to medical patients, x2(6, N = 306) = 17.81, p = 0.007.ConclusionsPain was both prevalent and severe. Although some form of documentation of pain was recorded for the majority of patients, pain was rarely assessed with standardized methods. Many patients did not receive adequate treatment. There is a need to improve the pain management practices in the hospital, with an initial emphasis on pain assessment.

scholarly journals Cancer pain assessment and management in ambulatory patients at a tertiary hospital in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1793
Author(s):  
Akua A. Abruquah ◽  
Robert P. Biney ◽  
Ernest B. Osei-Bonsu ◽  
Kofi M. Boamah ◽  
Eric Woode
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cancer Pain Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pain Medications

Background: Adequate cancer pain assessment using valid and reliable pain assessment tools is essential for effective cancer pain management. This study evaluated the common types, effectiveness as well as adherence to prescribed analgesics in oncology outpatients in a tertiary oncology centre in Ghana.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 204 oncology outpatients with different confirmed cancer diagnosis attending clinic at the Oncology Directorate of a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana. The research instruments used were the medical folders of patients, a hospital-based electronic drug database system; hospital administration management systems (HAMS) and the Brief Pain Inventory Long-Form (BPI-LF).Results: More than half (63.7%) of the participants reported moderate pain, 37.8% received opioid analgesics: 31.4% strong opioids and 6.4% weak opioids. Less than one-fourth (21.6%) had complete pain relief and 18.1% felt they needed a stronger pain medication. A little more than one-fourth (28.4%) of participants took their pain medications 1-2 times per day. Almost half (45.6%) of participants did not experience side effects from taking pain medications and 27.9% needed more information about their pain medications.Conclusions: Enhancing effective cancer symptom management approaches in healthcare practitioners and incorporating existing knowledge and guidelines on cancer pain management into routine clinical practice should be done to enhance efficient pain relief. 

Assessment of postoperative pain management practices in Cameroon, Ivory Coast and Senegal: A multi-national survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 004947552110161
Author(s):  
Oumar Kane ◽  
Narcisse Boua ◽  
Romuald Hentchoya ◽  
Modou Seck ◽  
Amy N Fall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Staff Training ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Postoperative Pain Management ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Management Recommendations

Inadequately controlled postoperative pain impacts patients’ functional recovery and may affect the quality of life after surgery. Our multinational, cross-sectional study conducted online between November 2017 and January 2018 surveyed anaesthetists’ conformity with established postoperative pain control guidelines and looked at pain assessment, dissemination of information to patients, staff training and creation and use of treatment protocols. Of the 170 respondents, only six applied postoperative pain management recommendations. The proportion of respondents who reported regular staff training; the regular provision of pre-operative information to patients; the existence and use of written protocols; and the number conducting at least one pain assessment a day was not just suboptimal, but embarrassingly low.

Pain Assessment in the Recovery Room

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 480-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna N Brown
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Recovery Room ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Acute Hospital ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Acute Hospital Setting

The assessment and management of pain in the acute hospital setting is an important issue for practitioners (Layman Young et al 2005). Despite advances in pain management (Fotiadis et al 2004, Powell et al 2004, Wu & Richman 2004) and the use of multimodal analgesic techniques in the theatre/recovery environment (Jin & Chung 2001), for a variety of reasons (Turk & Okifuji 1999, Pasero 2003), patients’ reports of pain following surgery suggest that it remains problematic (Rawal 2002, Brown 2004, Coll et al 2004). In the recovery room disorientation, anxiety, fear and nausea may add to and alter patients’ perception of pain, making it crucial that recovery room practitioners understand pain and pain assessment. This article outlines and critiques pain assessment tools that may be used to enhance pain management practices in the recovery room.

scholarly journals Home Based Management of Uncomplicated P. falciparum Malaria in Children Below Five Years in Delta State

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Edjophe Arute ◽  
Valentine Uche Odili
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
World Health ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
African Child ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Choice Of Therapy

Background: The world health organization (WHO) estimates that every 45 seconds an African child dies of malaria while several others lay ill. Also, studies have shown that home-based management of malaria could improve prompt access to antimalarial medications for African children. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the home based management practices among care givers of children below five years in Delta State. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey used to assess the home based management practices of malaria in children under age five. 459 consenting Caregivers of children under five (6 to 59 months) were purposively selected from different churches during Sundays and Wednesdays midweek services through balloting from two communities in Central and North Senatorial Districts of Delta State (Oghara and Obiaruku). Prior to the commencement of the study, the caregivers were thoroughly counselled on the objectives of the study, and a pretested structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used for administration in English, Urhobo and Ukwuani languages. Results: The study revealed that 86.93% respondents have good knowledge of malaria, and 60% commenced treatment within 24hrs. It also showed that 58.4% preferred anti-malarial combination therapies with arthemether-lumefantrine combination accounting for 34.0% drug options. Drug sources for home based malaria management were mainly from Pharmacy 40.5%, Drug sellers such as chemist 55.1% while information sources on choice of therapy and dosage were mainly from chemist 32.7%; health personnel 25.7%; neighbours 7.5% and self-based on previous experience 36.6%. Conclusion: The study revealed very good knowledge of malaria and good management practices as well as good treatment seeking behaviours amongst the caregivers.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Prevention Practice of COVID-19 in South-West Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju D. Eniade ◽  
Dolapo E. Agbana ◽  
Bridget O. Afam
Keyword(s):  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Good Practices ◽  
Southwest Nigeria

Introduction: To assess knowledge, attitude and prevention practice of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Southwest, Nigeria. This was an online cross-sectional study among dwellers of southwest Nigeria. Methods: Data were collected online with kobo toolbox and analyzed using the Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, 2018) and the descriptive statistics, test of independence and binary logistic regression were presented. Results: Of the 286 study participants, 96.1% had good knowledge, 99.3% had positive attitude towards control of COVID-19, while 77.3% had good practices for prevention of the virus. Majority of the participants (86.9%) had tertiary education, 11.3% were 40 years or older. Age and education were independently associated with COVID-19 prevention practice. After adjustment for some selected socio-demographic factors, only age of 10 – 19 years (OR: 3.83, CI: 1.05, 14), age 20-29 years (OR: 2.99, CI: 1.18 -7.55), and 30 -39 years (OR: 4.35, CI: 1.49-12.67) were more likely to have good practice of COVID-19 prevention compared to age >=40 years. Conclusion: The result revealed a high prevalence of good practices, and the majority had good knowledge of COVID-19 and positive attitude towards control of COVID-19. Age and education were identified to be associated with practice of COVID-19 prevention. Further exploration revealed that elders (>=40years) were not likely to have good practice of COVID-19 prevention. We deduced that good practice of COVID-19 prevention was high in southwest Nigeria but notably low among elders and those who attained below tertiary education in southwest Nigeria. However, people of older age and poor education should be given much attention for proper enlightening and prevention strategies in this pandemic.

2022 ISFM Consensus Guidelines on the Management of Acute Pain in Cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-30
Author(s):  
Paulo V Steagall ◽  
Sheilah Robertson ◽  
Bradley Simon ◽  
Leon N Warne ◽  
Yael Shilo-Benjamini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Acute Pain ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Multimodal Analgesia ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Team Approach ◽  
Analgesic Drugs

Practical relevance: Increases in cat ownership worldwide mean more cats are requiring veterinary care. Illness, trauma and surgery can result in acute pain, and effective management of pain is required for optimal feline welfare (ie, physical health and mental wellbeing). Validated pain assessment tools are available and pain management plans for the individual patient should incorporate pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy. Preventive and multimodal analgesia, including local anaesthesia, are important principles of pain management, and the choice of analgesic drugs should take into account the type, severity and duration of pain, presence of comorbidities and avoidance of adverse effects. Nursing care, environmental modifications and cat friendly handling are likewise pivotal to the pain management plan, as is a team approach, involving the cat carer. Clinical challenges: Pain has traditionally been under-recognised in cats. Pain assessment tools are not widely implemented, and signs of pain in this species may be subtle. The unique challenges of feline metabolism and comorbidities may lead to undertreatment of pain and the development of peripheral and central sensitisation. Lack of availability or experience with various analgesic drugs may compromise effective pain management. Evidence base: These Guidelines have been created by a panel of experts and the International Society of Feline Medicine (ISFM) based on the available literature and the authors’ experience. They are aimed at general practitioners to assist in the assessment, prevention and management of acute pain in feline patients, and to provide a practical guide to selection and dosing of effective analgesic agents.

scholarly journals Assessment of Acute Pain Management and Associated Factors among Emergency Surgical Patients in Gondar University Specialized Hospital Emergency Department, Northwest Ethiopia, 2018: Institutional Based Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Agmas Andualem ◽  
Girmay Fitiwi Lema ◽  
Yonas Addisu Nigatu ◽  
Seid Adem Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Pain Management ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Hospital Emergency Department ◽  
Hospital Emergency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital

Background. Adequate pain management has led to increased comfort in emergency patients, reducing morbidity and improving long term outcomes. Different pain management modalities have been applied in the emergency department among which systemic analgesia is commonly used by preceding a nerve block. Several factors have been associated with poor pain management in low resource setting areas. We aimed to determine pain management modalities and associated factors among emergency surgical patients. Patients and Methods. After obtaining ethical approval from Ethical Review Committee, 203 volunteer patients were enrolled. Institutional based cross-sectional prospective study was conducted from April to May 2018 in Gondar University Specialized Hospital Emergency Department. The severity of pain was measured through Numerical Rating Scale and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS statistical package version 23. Descriptive statistics cross-tab and binary logistics were performed to identify factors related to pain management in emergency department. Results. A total of 203 patients, 138 (68%) males and 65 (32%) females with response rate of 94%, participated in this study. Among them, 66% patients received analgesia within two hours of ED presentation with a mean ± SD of 61.0 ± 34.1 minutes. 70.4 % of patients complained of moderate and severe pain after receiving analgesia. There was a significant difference between trauma and nontrauma patients in mean time of analgesia receiving and residual pain severity (p < 0.001). Age, trauma, physician pain assessment, and severity of pain were the predicting factors for analgesia delivery. Conclusion. The overall practice of pain management in Gondar University Specialized Hospital Emergency Department was not adequate. Therefore, it is vital to implement an objective pain assessment method and documentation of the pain severity to improve pain management practice.

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