scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Organic Carbon in Tropical Agroforests in the Churiya Range of Makawanpur, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Lilu Kumari Magar ◽  
Gandhiv Kafle ◽  
Pradeep Aryal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Agroforestry Systems ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Change Mitigation

This paper reports the findings of a research study conducted in three tropical agroforestry systems in the Makawanpur district of Nepal, to quantify the spatial and vertical distribution of soil organic carbon in 30 cm soil profile depth in agrisilviculture, home garden, and silvopasture. The three agroforestry systems represent tropical agroforests of Nepal. It was found that the soil had 24.91 t/ha soil organic carbon in 30 cm soil profile in 2018, with 2.1% soil organic matter concentration in average. Bulk density was found increasing with an increase in soil depth. The soil organic carbon was not found significantly different across different agroforestry systems. Looking into the values of stocks of soil organic carbon, it is concluded that the tropical agroforests have played a role in global climate change mitigation by storing considerable amounts of soil organic carbon and the storage capacity can further be increased. Involvement of farmers in the management of tropical agroforests cannot be ignored in the process of climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Vertical Distribution of Soil Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in a Tropical Community Forest of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandhiv Kafle
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Profile Depth ◽  
Change Mitigation

This paper reports the findings of a research conducted in Kankali community forest, Chitwan, Nepal, to quantify the vertical distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen in 1 m soil profile depth. This community forest represents a tropical Shorea robusta-dominated community forest. It was found that the soil had 122.36 t/ha SOC and 12.74 t/ha nitrogen in 1 m soil profile in 2012, with 0.99% soil organic matter and 0.10% nitrogen concentration in average. Carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) of the soil was found to be 9.90. Both bulk density and C/N ratio were found increasing with increase in soil depth. The SOC and nitrogen were found significantly different across different soil layers up to 1 m soil profile depth. The average pH of the forest soil was found to be 5.3. Looking into the values of stocks of SOC and nitrogen, it is concluded that Kankali community forest has played a role in global climate change mitigation by storing considerable amounts of SOC. Involvement of local community in management of tropical forest cannot be overlooked in the process of climate change mitigation.

scholarly journals Restoration of degraded lands for carbon stock enhancement and climate change mitigation: the case of Rebu watershed, Woliso Woreda, Southwest Shoa, Ethiopia

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3387-3396
Author(s):  
Diriba Megersa Soboka ◽  
Fantaw Yimer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Land Use Type ◽  
Degraded Lands ◽  
Change Mitigation

This study was conducted to estimate carbon stock enhancement and climate change mitigation potential of restoration effort in Rebu Watershed, Woliso Woreda, Ethiopia. Two restored lands of thirteen years old were randomly selected from two kebeles. Biomass and soil data were collected systematically from nested plots. Mensuration of woody species, soil, and grass/litter samples was collected from the subplots of the nested plots. A total of 72 composite soil samples were collected. The results showed the positive impact of restoration activity on enhancing biomass and soil organic carbon stocks. The restored land ecosystem had shown higher carbon stock of (138.51 ± 27.34 t/ha) than the adjacent unrestored land ecosystem (101.43 ± 21.25 t/ha), which confirmed the potential of restoration in enhancing the carbon stock and mitigating climate change. Hence, the restored land use type has been stored about 8.37 t/ha of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) in biomasses. The restored land use type has mitigated climate change (absorb CO2) by 7.7 times than the adjacent unrestored land use type in this study. The significant values in restored land use types were due to the enhanced vegetation and land cover, which contributed to the biomass and soil organic carbon accumulation. Moreover, the lower values in unrestored land use type were due to the continuous degradation and disturbance from livestock and human beings. Therefore, the result of this study showed that protecting the degraded lands from any disturbance could enhance the carbon stocks of the ecosystem and mitigate the carbon emission rate.

scholarly journals Whole-soil warming alters microbial community, but not concentrations of plant-derived soil organic carbon in subsoil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyrill Zosso ◽  
Nicholas O.E. Ofiti ◽  
Jennifer L. Soong ◽  
Emily F. Solly ◽  
Margaret S. Torn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Plant Litter ◽  
Soil Warming ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Set Up

<p>Soils will warm in near synchrony with the air over the whole profiles following global climate change. It is largely unknown how subsoil (below 30 cm) microbial communities will respond to this warming and how plant-derived soil organic carbon (SOC) will be affected. Predictions how climate change will affect the large subsoil carbon pool (>50 % of SOC is below 30 cm soil depth) remain uncertain.</p><p>At Blodgett forest (California, USA) a field warming experiment was set up in 2013 warming whole soil profiles to 100 cm soil depth by +4°C compared to control plots. We took samples in 2018, after 4.5 years of continuous warming and investigated how warming has affected the abundance and community structure of microoganisms (using phospholipid fatty acids, PLFAs), and plant litter (using cutin and suberin).</p><p>The warmed subsoil (below 30 cm) contained significantly less microbial biomass (28%) compared to control plots, whereas the topsoil remained unchanged. Additionally below 50 cm, the microbial community was different in warmed as compared to control plots. Actinobacteria were relatively more abundant and Gram+ bacteria adapted their cell-membrane structure to warming. The decrease in microbial abundance might be related to lower SOC concentrations in warmed compared to control subsoils. In contrast to smaller SOC concentrations and less fine root mass in the warmed plots, the concentrations of the plant polymers suberin and cutin did not change. Overall our results demonstrate that already four seasons of simulated whole-soil warming caused distinct depth-specific responses of soil biogeochemistry: warming altered the subsoil microbial community, but not concentrations of plant-derived soil organic carbon.</p>

scholarly journals Restoration of degraded grasslands, but not invasion by Prosopis juliflora, avoids trade-offs between climate change mitigation and other ecosystem services

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Purity Rima Mbaabu ◽  
Daniel Olago ◽  
Maina Gichaba ◽  
Sandra Eckert ◽  
René Eschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Prosopis Juliflora ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Semi Arid

AbstractGrassland degradation and the concomitant loss of soil organic carbon is widespread in tropical arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Afforestation of degraded grassland, sometimes by using invasive alien trees, has been put forward as a legitimate climate change mitigation strategy. However, even in cases where tree encroachment of degraded grasslands leads to increased soil organic carbon, it may come at a high cost since the restoration of grassland-characteristic biodiversity and ecosystem services will be blocked. We assessed how invasion by Prosopis juliflora and restoration of degraded grasslands in a semi-arid region in Baringo, Kenya affected soil organic carbon, biodiversity and fodder availability. Thirty years of grassland restoration replenished soil organic carbon to 1 m depth at a rate of 1.4% per year and restored herbaceous biomass to levels of pristine grasslands, while plant biodiversity remained low. Invasion of degraded grasslands by P. juliflora increased soil organic carbon primarily in the upper 30 cm and suppressed herbaceous vegetation. We argue that, in contrast to encroachment by invasive alien trees, restoration of grasslands in tropical semi-arid regions can both serve as a measure for climate change mitigation and help restore key ecosystem services important for pastoralists and agro-pastoralist communities.

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