scholarly journals Predictive and Prognostic Role of PD-L1 in Urothelial Carcinoma Patients with Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Haoran Liu ◽  
Tao Ye ◽  
Xiaoqi Yang ◽  
Peng Lv ◽  
Xiaoliang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy ◽  
Predictive And Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Predictive And Prognostic Value

Recently, checkpoint inhibition of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has been shown to be therapeutically relevant in urothelial carcinoma (UC). To evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of PD-L1 on response and survival in UC patients after cystectomy, chemotherapy, or anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, a systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was performed. A total of 2154 patients from 14 published studies were included. In all UC patients after cystectomy, tumour cell (TC) PD-L1 expression was not associated with the OS or PFS. For the subset of patients with organ-confined disease, TC PD-L1 expression significantly predicted OS after cystectomy (P=0.0004). There was no significant evidence of an association between TC PD-L1 status and ORR or OS for UC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. For UC patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, TC PD-L1 expression≥5% could predict the response (P=0.005), but not for the 1% cut-off (P≥0.05). As for PD-L1 expression in tumour-inflating immune cells (TIICs), both subsets with IC2/3 vs. IC0/1 and IC1/2/3 vs. IC0 were associated with ORR to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. In the TIIC subset, IC2/3 vs. IC0/1 of PD-L1 was associated with higher CR (P=0.002), PR (P=0.04), and PD (P=0.007). Further, higher TIIC PD-L1 status benefited from longer PFS (P<0.001), but was not associated with OS in UC patients with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Our study suggested that TIIC PD-L1 expression with 5% cut-off was valuable as a predictive and prognostic biomarker for ORR and PFS in UC patients with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.

scholarly journals Probiotics for the Prophylaxis of Migraine: A Systematic Review of Randomized Placebo Controlled Trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malwina M. Naghibi ◽  
Richard Day ◽  
Samantha Stone ◽  
Ashton Harper
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Microbiome Research ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Migraine is a common and disabling neurological condition with a complex etiology. Recent advances in the understanding of the gut microbiome have shown the role of gut micro-organisms in disease outcomes for distant organs—including the brain. Interventions targeting the gut microbiome have been shown to be effective in multiple neurological diagnoses, but there is little research into the role of the microbiome in migraine. This systematic review seeks to assess the current research landscape of randomized placebo controlled trials utilizing probiotic interventions as migraine prophylaxis. Searches were conducted of scientific databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library, following PRISMA guidelines. Of 68 screened studies, 2 were eligible for analysis. Due to methodological differences, meta-analysis was not possible. Qualitative comparison of the studies demonstrated a dichotomy of results—one trial reported no significant change in migraine frequency and intensity, while the second trial reported highly significant improvements. No clear ‘gold standard’ currently exists for microbiome research, let alone for migraine-related microbiome research. The heterogeneity of outcome measures used in the two trials included in this systematic review shows the need for a standardization of outcome measures, therefore a series of recommendations for future probiotic–migraine research are included.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Macrosurgical Versus Microsurgical Vasovasostomy in Vasectomized Men: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Duijn ◽  
J. A. van der Zee ◽  
Y. Bachour
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Microscopical Technique ◽  
Vasectomy Reversal ◽  
The Cochrane Library

AbstractIn order to restore fertility by vasectomy reversal, vasovasostomy (VV) is one of the most chosen options. During this procedure, the vas deferens is anastomosed either by a macro- or microscopical technique. Up to date, it is unknown which of these techniques shows best overall post-procedure patency and pregnancy rates. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to reach a consensus on which technique is best for vasovasostomy and thereby better counsel patients and practitioners. A systematic review and meta-analysis on macroscopic and microscopic VV for vasectomy reversal was performed. PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception until 2019. Studies and associated data were evaluated by two reviewers. Primary, data on post-operative patency and pregnancy rates, interval to reversal, and post-operative complications were extracted. Proportions (95% CI) and heterogeneity scores (I2) were calculated, using a random effects model. A total of 8305 patients were included by 25 studies. Descriptive analysis showed higher post-operative patency (80.5% vs 91.4%) and pregnancy rates (47.7% vs 73.3%) after microscopic vasovasostomy. Meta-analysis produced post-operative patency proportions of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.76–0.84) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.83–0.92) after macro- and microscopic VV respectively. Proportions of post-operative pregnancy were 0.43 (95% CI, 0.35–0.50) after macroscopic VV and 0.47 (95% CI, 0.31–0.62) after microsurgical VV. Microscopic VV is associated with higher post-operative patency and pregnancy rates compared to macroscopic vasovasostomy. However, further research is needed because of shortage in high methodological quality and variety.

scholarly journals Prognostic Role of MicroRNA-126 for Survival in Malignant Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Bu ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Xiao-yang Li ◽  
Li-hong Liu ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Prognostic Role ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background.Increasing studies found that miR-126 expression may be associated with the prognosis of cancers. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic role of miR-126 in different cancers.Methods.Eligible studies were identified by searching in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases up to March 2015. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to investigate the correlation between miR-126 and survival of cancers.Results.Thirty studies including a total of 4497 participants were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that high level of miR-126 was a predictor for favorable survival of carcinomas, with pooled HR of 0.77 (95% CI 0.64–0.93) for OS, 0.64 (95%CI 0.48–0.85) for DFS, and 0.70 (95% CI 0.50–0.98) for PFS/RFS/DSS. However, high level of circulating miR-126 predicted a significantly worse OS in patients with cancer (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.09–2.51).Conclusions.Our results indicated that miR-126 could act as a significant biomarker in the prognosis of various cancers.

scholarly journals The Association between Season and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingyun Liao ◽  
Xiaohong Wei ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Yijie Gao ◽  
Yangxue Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Random Effects ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Model ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background: There is increasing and inconsistent evidence of a relationship between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and season of delivery or conception.Methods: Four databases, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science, were searched until September 29th, 2021. Two authors extracted data independently. A random effects model and the Mantel-Haenszel method were used to calculate pooled ORs and 95% CIs.Results: Twenty articles were included in the systematic review, and 11 articles were included in the meta-analysis. The quantitative analysis of the association between delivery season and HDP showed that the odds of HDP was higher in women who deliver in winter than in those who delivered in summer (OR=1.18, 95% CI 1.02-1.38, p < 0.001) and all other seasons (OR = 1.17, 95% CI 1.03-1.34, p <0.001). In the qualitative analysis of the association between conception season and HDP, 4 of 7 studies suggested that women who conceived in summer had a higher risk of HDP than those who conceived in other seasons.Conclusions: Based on the evidence to date, we found weakly positive relationships between HDP and summer conception and winter delivery.

scholarly journals Serum folate levels in bipolar disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Chi Hsieh ◽  
Li-Shiu Chou ◽  
Ching-Hua Lin ◽  
Hung-Chi Wu ◽  
Dian-Jeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Lower Serum

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder (BD) is a major psychiatric illness, however its physiopathology is unclear. The role of folate in the physiopathology of BD is controversial. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effect of folate in BD patients. Methods We performed a thorough literature study of the PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases until December 21st, 2018. Random effects meta-analysis was conducted. Results Six articles involving 481 patients with BD and 760 controls were included. The meta-analysis results suggested that serum folate levels in the patients with BD were significantly lower than those in the controls (Hedges’ g = − 0.211, 95% confidence interval = − 0.391 to − 0.031, p = 0.021). Conclusion The current meta-analysis show it might be association between lower serum folate levels and patient with BD. However, we could not distinguish the potentially confounding effects of mood states on the folate levels. Further prospective studies including subjects with different mood states and possible physiopathology are warranted to investigate the association between folate deficiency and the etiology of BD.

The prognostic role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in urothelial carcinoma of bladder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Yang ◽  
Yujin Bai ◽  
Xu Hu ◽  
Ping Han
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Infiltrating Lymphocytes ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma Of Bladder

Abstract Background: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor microenvironment are associated with different prognosis in various malignancies. However, their prognostic impact remains controversial in urothelial carcinoma of bladder (UCB). In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of TILs in UCB patients.Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed using Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane Library. Studies were eligible if they investigated the prognostic value of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, Foxp3+ lymphocytes or TILs in UCB patients, by time-to-event survival analysis. All studies were appraised for risk of bias using the Quality and Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) criteria. Hazard rations (HRs) with their 95% confidence interval (CIs) from each study were used to generate pooled HRs. Results: A total of 14 studies assessing the impact of TILs on prognostic outcomes in UCB patients were included in final analysis. The pooled analysis indicated a favorable role of CD3+ TILs (HR 0.74 (95% CI 0.62-0.88) for overall survival) and CD8+ TILs (HR 0.46 (95% CI 0.28-0.74) for OS) in the clinical outcomes of UCB, while Foxp3+ TILs were associated with worse survival (HR 2.21 (95% CI 1.47-3.32) for recurrence-free survival). Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed the favorable prognostic impact of CD3+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells in UCB patients and found the association between Foxp3+ TILs and worse survival. Future studies using large cohorts and standardized methodology with regard to tumor subsites, stages and treatment modalities are needed to incorporate TILs with clinical practice.

Appraising the Accuracy of Ischaemia-Modified Albumin in Diagnosing Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Wenhua Shi ◽  
Guanghua Tang ◽  
Xianshi Zhou ◽  
Ye Ye
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
The Cochrane Library

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) is a new, sensitive marker of ischaemic diseases that has been approved for diagnosing myocardial ischaemia. However, the accuracy of IMA in the diagnosis of stroke remains to be clarified. The study’s purpose is to assess the potential role of IMA as a diagnostic indicator in stroke. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We carried out a systematic search in Medline, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Scopus, Science Direct, ISI Web of Knowledge, and the reference lists of relevant articles from the databases’ inception to September 1, 2019. Studies that appraised the diagnostic accuracy of IMA for acute stroke patients were included in our study. Two reviewers extracted data independently and assessed the quality of the retrieved studies, and disagreements were resolved through discussions with a third reviewer. Sensitivities and specificities were pooled by using bivariate diagnostic meta-analysis. We calculated <i>I</i><sup>2</sup> to test the heterogeneity and used meta-regression to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. This systematic review and meta-analysis is registered in international prospective register of systematic reviews (number CRD42020149174). <b><i>Results:</i></b> Six studies with 605 patients were eligible for inclusion. Our meta-analysis produced the following outcomes: the mean sensitivity of IMA in diagnosing acute stroke was 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.69–0.88) and the specificity was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.71–0.87). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83–0.89), and the pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 16 (95% CI, 8–33). There was obvious heterogeneity between studies (<i>I</i><sup>2</sup> = 78%, 95% CI, 53–100). Sensitivity analysis and meta-regression could account for the heterogeneity. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> IMA is a helpful marker for consideration in the early diagnosis of stroke.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Stroke risk following traumatic brain injury: systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 174749302110042
Author(s):  
Grace Mary Turner ◽  
Christel McMullan ◽  
Olalekan Lee Aiyegbusi ◽  
Danai Bem ◽  
Tom Marshall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Vitamin K Antagonists ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Large Sample Size ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Aims To investigate the association between TBI and stroke risk. Summary of review We undertook a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and The Cochrane Library from inception to 4th December 2020. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool hazard ratios (HR) for studies which reported stroke risk post-TBI compared to controls. Searches identified 10,501 records; 58 full texts were assessed for eligibility and 18 met the inclusion criteria. The review included a large sample size of 2,606,379 participants from four countries. Six studies included a non-TBI control group, all found TBI patients had significantly increased risk of stroke compared to controls (pooled HR 1.86; 95% CI 1.46-2.37). Findings suggest stroke risk may be highest in the first four months post-TBI, but remains significant up to five years post-TBI. TBI appears to be associated with increased stroke risk regardless of severity or subtype of TBI. There was some evidence to suggest an association between reduced stroke risk post-TBI and Vitamin K antagonists and statins, but increased stroke risk with certain classes of antidepressants. Conclusion TBI is an independent risk factor for stroke, regardless of TBI severity or type. Post-TBI review and management of risk factors for stroke may be warranted.

scholarly journals Lumbar Roll Usage While Sitting Reduces the Forward Head Posture in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5171
Author(s):  
Yusuke Handa ◽  
Kenya Okada ◽  
Hiroshi Takasaki
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Grade System ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Forward Head Posture ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Head Extension ◽  
The Cochrane Library

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated whether the use of a lumbar roll reduced forward head posture (FHP) while sitting among individuals with or without musculoskeletal disorders. EMBASE, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched from their inception to August 2020. The quality of evidence for variables used in the meta-analysis was determined using the GRADE system. Five studies satisfied the criteria for data analysis. All studies included individuals without any spinal symptoms. Data from five studies on neck angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.02) overall effect (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.77), indicating a lesser neck flexion angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. Data from two studies on head angle showed a statistically significant (p = 0.04) overall effect (SMD = 0.47), indicating a lesser head extension angle while sitting with a lumbar roll than without it. In each meta-analysis, the quality of evidence was very low in the GRADE system. The use of a lumbar roll while sitting reduced FHP among individuals without spinal symptoms.

scholarly journals The value of lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers on clinical outcomes in osteosarcoma: a meta-analysis

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Zhang ◽  
Xiaolei Ren ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Chenghao Zhang ◽  
Chao Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Human Osteosarcoma ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna

Abstract Background In recent years, emerging studies have demonstrated critical functions and potential clinical applications of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in osteosarcoma. To further validate the prognostic value of multiple lncRNAs, we have conducted this updated meta-analysis. Methods Literature retrieval was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library (last update by October 2, 2019). A meta-analysis was performed to explore association between lncRNAs expression and overall survival (OS) of osteosarcoma patients. Relationships between lncRNAs expression and other clinicopathological features were also analyzed respectively. Results Overall, 4351 patients from 62 studies were included in this meta-analysis and 25 lncRNAs were identified. Pooled analyses showed that high expression of 14 lncRNAs connoted worse OS, while two lncRNAs were associated with positive outcome. Further, analysis toward osteosarcoma clinicopathologic features demonstrated that overexpression of TUG1 and XIST indicated poor clinical parameters of patients. Conclusions This meta-analysis has elucidated the prognostic potential of 16 lncRNAs in human osteosarcoma. Evidently, desperate expression and functional targets of these lncRNAs offer new approaches for prognosis and therapy of osteosarcoma.

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