scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) in Patients with Life-Threatening Illnesses

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Maede Naghiyaee ◽  
Bahman Bahmani ◽  
Ali Asgari
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Presence Of Meaning ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Meaning In Life Questionnaire

Background. Meaning in life is one of the psychological domains that is most severely affected in patients with life-threatening illnesses. The importance of meaning-making mandates the development of reliable tools to assess this construct. Steger’s Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) is one of the most valid and reliable instruments that determines the search for and presence of meaning in life. The present study was conducted to provide psychometric data on the MLQ in a sample of patients with life-threatening illnesses. Methods. The MLQ was completed by 301 patients (aged 20–80 years) diagnosed with life-threatening illnesses (cancer and multiple sclerosis) and referred to hospitals. Confirmatory factor analysis and Pearson’s correlation test were used to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire. Results. The confirmatory factor analysis supported the original two-factor model of the MLQ, comprised of the presence of meaning (five items) and search for meaning (five items). The responses to the MLQ did not differ by sociodemographic factors. Most importantly, contrary to previous findings, the correlation between the two subscales, i.e., search for meaning and presence of meaning, was significant and positive. Conclusion. The results showed that the MLQ is a valid and reliable measure for assessing meaning in life that can be applied in research on meaning in life among other patient populations.

Meaning in Life in Earlier and Later Older-Adulthood: Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Correlates of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1270-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Hallford ◽  
D. Mellor ◽  
R. A. Cummins ◽  
M. P. McCabe
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Meaning In Life Questionnaire

Objective: To validate the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ) in earlier and later older-adulthood, and examine its correlates. Method: Participants in earlier ( n = 341, M age = 68.5) and later older-adulthood ( n = 341, M age = 78.6) completed the MLQ and other measures. Confirmatory multigroup analysis, correlations, and regression models were conducted. Results: A two-factor (presence and search), eight-item model of the MLQ had a good fit and was age-invariant. Presence and search for meaning were largely unrelated. Meaning was associated with life satisfaction, well-being across a range of domains, and psychological resources. Searching for meaning correlated negatively with these variables, but to a lesser degree in later older-adulthood. Discussion: The MLQ is valid in older-adulthood. Meaning in life is psychologically adaptive in older-adulthood. Searching for meaning appears less important, especially in later older-adulthood. Findings are discussed in the context of aging and psychosocial development.

scholarly journals Structure and Levels of Meaning in Life and Its Relationship With Mental Health in Chinese Students Aged 10 to 25

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Xin-qiang ◽  
He Xiao-xin ◽  
Yang Fan ◽  
Zhang Da-jun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Early Adolescence ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Presence Of Meaning ◽  
Middle Adolescence ◽  
Meaning In Life Questionnaire

This study examines the usage of the Meaning in Life Questionnaire in Chinese students aged from 10 to 25 within four age groups (N= 5,510): early adolescence (10–13 years old,n= 1,258), middle adolescence (14–17 years old,n= 1,987), late adolescence (18–21 years old,n= 1,950) and early adulthood (22–25 years old,n= 315); and analyses the structure and levels of meaning in life, as well as the relationship between meaning in life and mental health. Results showed that: (1) the Meaning in Life Questionnaire in the four age groups of Chinese students had good construct validity and internal consistency reliability; (2) the average levels of the presence of meaning and search for meaning of Chinese students were moderate or above, and had obvious differences according to gender and family location (i.e., urban vs. rural); (3) the level of presence of meaning showed a trend of rising rapidly in middle adolescence and the level of search for meaning continued to rise in early adolescence and fell rapidly towards the end of adolescence; (4) presence of meaning was positively related to life satisfaction and positive affect and negatively related to depression and negative affect, and the same correlations were found with search for meaning.

Measuring the quality of life of people at the end of life: The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire–Revised

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Robin Cohen ◽  
Richard Sawatzky ◽  
Lara B Russell ◽  
Javad Shahidi ◽  
Daren K Heyland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaire ◽  
Global Quality ◽  
Global Quality Of Life ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire has been widely used with people with life-threatening illnesses without modification since its publication in 1996. With use, areas for improvement have emerged; therefore, various minor modifications were tested over time. Aim: To revise the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire (McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire–Revised) while maintaining or improving its psychometric properties and length, keeping it as close as possible to the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire to enable reasonable comparison with existing McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire literature. Design: Data sets from eight studies were used (four studies originally used to develop the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire, two to develop new McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire versions, and two with unrelated purposes). The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire–Revised was developed using analyses of measurement invariance, confirmatory factor analysis, and calculation of correlations with the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire’s global quality of life item. Setting/Participants: Data were from 1702 people with life-threatening illnesses recruited from acute and palliative care units, palliative home care services, and oncology and HIV/AIDS outpatient clinics. Results: The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire–Revised consists of 14 items (plus the global quality of life item). A new Physical subscale was created combining physical symptoms and physical well-being and a new item on physical functioning. The Existential subscale was reduced to four items. The revised Support subscale, renamed Social, focuses more on relationships. The Psychological subscale remains unchanged. Confirmatory factor analysis results provide support for the measurement structure of the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire–Revised. The overall scale has good internal consistency reliability ( α = 0.94). Conclusion: The McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire–Revised improves on and can replace the McGill Quality of Life Questionnaire since it contains improved wording, a somewhat expanded repertoire of concepts with fewer items, and a single subscale for the physical domain, while retaining good psychometric properties.

Presence of Meaning in Life and Search for Meaning in Life and Relationship to Health Anxiety

2017 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Hwei Yek ◽  
Nik Olendzki ◽  
Zoltan Kekecs ◽  
Vicki Patterson ◽  
Gary Elkins
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Presence Of Meaning ◽  
Lower Health ◽  
Meaning In Life Questionnaire

The present study explored presence of meaning in life, search for meaning in life, and their correlation with health anxiety. The Meaning in Life Questionnaire and the Short Health Anxiety Inventory were completed by 753 individuals. Results indicated higher presence of meaning in life was associated with lower health anxiety, while the opposite was observed for search for meaning in life. Results also revealed an interaction between presence of meaning in life and search for meaning in life, where individuals with high search for meaning in life and high presence of meaning in life had lower health anxiety than those with high search for meaning in life and low presence of meaning in life. These findings suggest that presence of meaning in life and search for meaning in life are correlates of health anxiety.

scholarly journals Validation of AQoL-8D: a health-related quality of life questionnaire for adult patients referred for otolaryngology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Obrycka ◽  
Jose-Luis Padilla ◽  
Artur Lorens ◽  
Piotr Henryk Skarzynski ◽  
Henryk Skarzynski
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Content Relevance ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Item Content

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to validate the AQoL-8D questionnaire in the adult population of patients referred to an otolaryngology clinic. Methods AQoL-8D was translated into Polish. 463 patients (age18–80 years) with otolaryngological conditions were assessed with the AQoL-8D, SF-6D, and SWLS questionnaires. We investigated the item content-relevance, factor structure by means of Confirmatory Factor Analysis, corrected item-total correlations, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson correlation of the AQoL-8D scores with results from SF-6D and from the SWLS questionnaires. Finally, ANOVA was used to test the AQoL-8D ability to group the HRQoL of patients in terms of their otolaryngological management type. Results The median score of item content-relevance was 5.0 for all AQoL-8D items. Confirmatory Factor Analysis revealed the following fit indices: Comparative Fit Index = 0.81; Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.80; and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.07. Cronbach's alpha for AQoL-8D dimensions ranged from 0.48 to 0.79. Mean item-total correlations over all dimensions, super dimensions, and the instrument overall were higher than 0.3. There was a significant Pearson correlation between the results obtained with AQoL-8D and SF-6D (r = 0.68), and with AQoL-8D and SWLS (r = 0.43). A one-way ANOVA showed a significant effect of management type on HRQoL as measured by AQoL-8D [F(4,458) = 6.12, p < 0.001] Conclusion AQoL-8D provides valid and reliable measures of HRQoL in patients undergoing otolaryngological treatment. Because it is a generic questionnaire, it is possible to make general comparisons of otolaryngology outcomes with those from other subspecialties.

scholarly journals Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis of the life attitude profile in Chilean adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Imbarack Dagach ◽  
Cristian Brotfeld ◽  
Joaquín García-Alandete
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The World ◽  
Assessment Bias ◽  
Acceptable Internal Consistency

AbstractAdolescents are challenged to take decisions about issues associated to the vital circle and the comprehension of the world. Meaning in life (MiL) takes a leading role in adolescence. Reker and Peacock developed the Life Attitude Profile (LAP) for assessing MiL, and Erci developed a revised version (LAP-R). The main objective of this study was to analyze the factorial structure, reliability, invariance across gender, and absence/presence of assessment bias of a Spanish adaptation of the Turkish LAP-R among 2138 Chilean adolescents (1205 boys, 912 girls, and 8 others), who were studying in 3rd and 4th year. The LAP-R showed an acceptable structural validity, acceptable internal consistency, and invariance across gender. MiL as a significant domain of human experience in adolescents.

Meaning in Life and Substance Use

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
Matthew Csabonyi ◽  
Lisa J. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Lower Alcohol ◽  
Meaning In Life Questionnaire

Viktor Frankl theorized that an absence of meaning in one’s life can result in boredom and apathy—the “existential vacuum”—and attempts to avoid or “escape” the vacuum can include short-acting distracting behaviors. This study investigated whether the presence of meaning (PM) or the search for meaning are associated with alcohol, drug, and cigarette use by young adults, and whether boredom mediates those relationships. Hundred and seventy-six young adults completed the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and provided information about cigarette and illicit drug use over the preceding year. The results partly support Frankl’s model: higher PM was associated with lower alcohol/other drug use and boredom mediated those relationships, but PM was not related to cigarette smoking. Contrary to Frankl’s model, no relationship was found between search for meaning and alcohol, drug, or cigarette use. This suggests that psychological interventions that assist individuals who use drugs or alcohol to identify meaning or purpose in their lives might reduce levels of drug and alcohol use. The process of searching for meaning may not have substantial direct impact on levels of substance use, but once some meaning was established there may be decreased impetus to continue using drugs and alcohol.

Meaning in life and resilience among teachers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Maria Platsidou ◽  
Athena Daniilidou
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Emotional Resilience ◽  
Presence Of Meaning ◽  
Resilience Process ◽  
Resilience Factors

Meaning in life is a significant resource in the resilience process, supporting the use of adaptive behaviors and enhancing the feeling of wellbeing. As such, it could be critical for teachers who encounter many stressors threatening their life quality and work productivity. This study aimed to investigate how teachers' levels of meaning in life relate to their resilience. Data were collected from 299 teachers using the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (assessing presence of and search for meaning) and the Multidimensional Teacher Resilience Scale (assessing protective factors related to motivational and professional, social, and emotional resilience). As predicted, presence of meaning had medium-sized positive correlations with the resilience factors, whereas search for meaning had low correlations with social resilience and professional-motivational resilience and no correlation with emotional resilience. Using K-means cluster analysis, teachers were grouped into three clusters according to their scores in the two meaning dimensions. The cluster of teachers reporting both high presence of and high search for meaning showed the highest scores on the resilience factors, followed by the cluster including teachers with high presence and low search. In conclusion, our results emphasized the important role of presence of meaning in strengthening resilient responses; also, searching for meaning, when combined with a high sense of meaning, relates to better use of the resilience protective factors and resources. As to the study implications, a meaning-centered approach to building resilience in teachers is suggested and discussed.

Hopelessness and terminal illness: The construct of hopelessness in patients with advanced AIDS

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
BARRY ROSENFELD ◽  
CHRISTOPHER GIBSON ◽  
MICHAEL KRAMER ◽  
WILLIAM BREITBART
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Terminal Illness ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Beck Hopelessness Scale ◽  
Life Threatening

Objective: Understanding the construct of hopelessness in the context of a life-threatening or terminal illness is a complex and challenging undertaking. The objective of this study was to examine the construct of hopelessness in patients with advanced AIDS by examining the structure of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in this specific population.Methods: For the past three decades, the primary measure used to study hopelessness in a variety of populations has been the Beck Hopelessness Scale. Several factor analytic studies have been published using this scale, with studies of nonclinical samples typically describing a two-factor model (optimism and pessimism), whereas clinical samples have consistently generated a third factor (lack of motivation to make changes). We used confirmatory factor analysis to analyze two data sets in patients with AIDS.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis of the Beck Hopelessness Scale in two samples of patients with far advanced AIDS revealed a clear superiority for a three-factor model.Significance of results: The Beck Hopelessness Scale has unique characteristics when applied to a terminally ill population. The implications of these results for studies of terminal illness are discussed.

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