scholarly journals Assessment of Exposure to Sexually Explicit Materials and Substance Abuse among High-School Adolescents in North Shewa Zone: Application of Logistic Regression Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Berhanu Teshome Woldeamanuel ◽  
Leul Mekonnen Anteneh ◽  
Yordanos Berihun Yohannes ◽  
Merga Abdissa Aga
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Family Management ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sexually Explicit Materials ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
School Commitment

Background. The use of substances such as cigarettes, khat, alcohol, and other illicit drugs like hashish, heroine, cannabis, and cocaine is a global major public threat, which affects young adult people particularly in developing countries. This study aims to assess the risk factors associated with substance use and exposure to sexually explicit materials among high-school adolescents in north Shewa zone, Oromia region. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess substance use and exposure to sexually explicit materials among high-school adolescents in North Shewa zone, Oromiya, Ethiopia, using a structured self-administered questionnaire adapted from the 2008 “Community That Care Youth Survey” for adolescent substance use and problem behaviors. The study used descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis to identify the significant factors associated with substance use and exposure to sexually explicit materials among high school adolescents in the study area. Result. The prevalence of lifetime and current substance use was 47.7% (95% CI: 0.427, 0.527) and 30.4% (95% CI: 0.258, 0.350), respectively. 17.8% use khat in their life and 16.6% used khat in the past 30 days; 42.2% ever used alcohol and 26.1% currently uses alcohol; 4.8% and 4.5% used cigarette in lifetime and in the past 30 days, while 16.4% use other illicit drugs in lifetime and 8.4% use illicit drugs in the past 30 days, respectively. Distributions of substance use by sex indicate that male adolescents are more like likely 61.1% use substances than females. While, the prevalence of exposure to sexually explicit materials among high school adolescents was 35.8% (95% CI: 0.310, 0.406). Factors positively associated with increased substance use were being male (OR = 2.334, 95% CI: 1.549, 9.926), living through high level of family conflict (OR = 6.25, 95% CI: 1.745, 10.00), poor family management OR = 27.084, 95% CI: 1.624, 45.56), peer pressure (OR = 12.882, 95% CI: 1.882, 88.153), poor academic performance (OR = 14.48, 95% CI: 1.290, 162.58), and low school commitment (OR = 11.951, 95% CI: 1.418, 100.73). While, being male (OR = 7.52, 95% CI: 2.611, 21.739), age 14–16 (OR = 0.201, 95% CI: 0.071, 0.565), friends watch/read sexually explicit materials (OR = 5.376, 95% CI: 1.010, 28.571), and khat chewing (OR = 12.5, 95% CI: 2.924, 25.632) were factors significantly associated with high-school adolescents exposure to sexually explicit materials. Conclusion. The magnitude of prevalence for substance uses and exposure to sexually explicit materials in the study area was still higher. Therefore, interventions that focus on family management, peer pressure, and school commitment are required to decrease the prevalence of substance uses and exposure to sexually explicit materials among high-school adolescents.

scholarly journals Determinants of waterpipe smoking among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridhwan Fauzi ◽  
Chitlada Areesantichai
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
School Students ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Logistic Regressions ◽  
Peer Use ◽  
Waterpipe Use

AbstractObjectivesThe study aimed to examine factors associated with past 30 days waterpipe use among high school students in Jakarta, Indonesia.MethodsWe surveyed a multistage cluster random sample of 1,318 students of grade 10th and 11th from 14 schools in Jakarta. Multiple logistic regressions were employed to examine the association between past 30 days waterpipe use with sociodemographic characteristics, cigarettes smoking status, parental and peer use, availability and affordability.ResultsOf 1,318 participants, 3.3% of female and 8.4% of male currently smoked waterpipe. Multivariate analysis revealed that current waterpipe use was significantly associated with family use (AOR: 4.844, 95% CI: 1.225–19.151), friend use (AOR: 2.554, 95% CI: 1.424–4.582), and availability (AOR: 2.143, 95% CI: 1.127–4.076). Being current smokers were six times more likely (AOR: 6.055, 95% CI: 3.123–11.739) to use waterpipe in the past 30 days.ConclusionsThe finding suggests that smoking by a family member, friends, use of conventional cigarettes, and availability are significantly associated with increased probability of current waterpipe used among adolescents.

Psychosocial Correlates of Substance Use: Comparing High School Students with Incarcerated Offenders in Hong Kong

1997 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie S. Y. Wong ◽  
Catherine S. K. Tang ◽  
Ralf Schwarzer
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Path Model ◽  
School Students ◽  
Perceived Availability

Drug use prevalence data were obtained from 969 adolescents, high school students and imprisoned offenders who reported use of cough medicine, organic solvents, cannabis, heroin, tranquilizers, and narcotics over the past six months. Incarcerated youths, in particular girls, had higher prevalence rates than students. Drug use frequencies were associated with psychosocial variables such as disinhibition, peer drug use, susceptibility to peer pressure, attitudes, encouragement by peers, and perceived availability of drugs. The psychosocial process of the initiation and maintenance of substance use was specified as a path model that considered 1) personality and social environment as distal precursors and 2) a drug-use predisposition and perceived availability as proximal precursors of three kinds of outcome variables: drug use, the intention to try illicit drugs if they were legal, and adverse outcomes of drug use. It was found that the same structural equation model fit the data of both samples of offenders and students, however, with very different weights assigned to the paths.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Substance Use and Associated Factors Among High School Adolescents in Rithepani, Lekhnath-2, kaski, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Gurung ◽  
N Shrestha ◽  
M Silwal ◽  
R Gurung ◽  
S Ojha
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: Substance use is a major public health concern in global settings, and is very common during adolescence period leading to physical and/or mental health complications. This study assessed the prevalence of substance use and associated factors among high school adolescents in Rithepani 2, Lekhnath, Kaski, 2073.Objectives: The study was designed to provide estimates of substance use by school-going adolescents in Lekhnath and to identify risk factors associated with.Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted from 17th October to 21st October, 2016 among eighth to 12th grade high school students in the Rithepani-2, Lekhnath. Participants were select­ed by purposive sampling techniques, and data were collected using questionnaire. Frequency, percentage, means, SD and chi-square test was performed to identify factors associated with substance use.Results: Majority of the respondents 93 (56.4%) belonged to the age group 15 - 18 years. Majority of the respondents 88 (53.3%) were males and 50 (30.3%) were studying in grade 11. Majority of the respondents 140 (84.8%) were Hindus and 104 (63%) of the respondents belonged to upper caste group. In terms of education of the respondents’ parents, majority of the respondents’ mothers 68 (41.2%) had completed their secondary education and similarly, majority of the respondents’ fathers 78 (47.3%) had completed their secondary education. Majority of the respondents’ mothers 129 (78.2%) were housewives and majority of the respondents' fathers 48 (29.1%) were businessmen. Majority of the respondents 136 (82.5%) belonged to nuclear family and 93 (56.4%) had per month family income more than Rs 15,000. Among 165 respon­dents prevalence of substance use was found to be 10 (6%).Regarding the associated factors majority of the respondents 162 (98.2%) had good relation with their parents, 101 (61.2%) respon­dents’ family members do not use substance, 128 (77.6%) respondents reported that substance use was not accepted in their culture. the prev­alence of substance use by the respondents is 6.1% in which five (50%) respondents consume alcohol, eight (80%) take cigarette, one (10%) use tobacco and two (20%) take ganja. Among the substance users, four (40%) reported imitating parents and four (40%) reported curiosity as the cause for them to initiate substance use. Regarding the accessibility of the substances among the respondents who use substances, three (30%) respondents said that it’s very difficult whereas one (10%) said that it’s very easy for them to have access to the substances. Majority of the respondents who use substances 6 (60%) avail the substance/s from their friends.Regarding the Association, there is a significant association between prevalence of substance and substance use by family members with the χ2 value of 7.61 and p-value 0.006 which is less than 0.05 significant level. There is also a significant association between the prevalence of substance use and its cultural acceptance with the χ2 value of 4.65 and p-value of 0.031 which is less than 0.05 significant level.There is a significant association between the prevalence of substance abuse and ethnicity with the χ2 value of 11.81and with the p-value 0.037 which is less than 0.05 significant level.Conclusions: The prevalence of substance use among high school ado­lescent students in selected higher secondary school was found to be 6.1%. There was significant association between prevalence of sub­stances use and cultural acceptance of participants, ethnicity and use of substances by the family members. Based on the findings of the study researcher suggests to initiate awareness and co-ordination program between the school and parents. Journal of Gandaki Medical College Vol. 10, No. 1, 2017, Page: 43-48

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors Associated with Smoking Cessation Attempts in Korean High School Students Who Engage in Intermittent and Light Smoking

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jin Suk Ra ◽  
Yeon-Hee Jeong
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Light Smoking

Purpose: This study aimed to identify psychosocial factors associated with smoking cessation attempts among Korean high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking.Methods: Cross-sectional secondary data derived from the 2018 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey were analyzed within the framework of the biopsychosocial model. The sample comprised 829 high school students who reported current intermittent and light smoking, which was defined as cigarette smoking on 1~29 days in a 30-day period and no more than 10 cigarettes per day. Purposeful selection logistic regression analysis was performed.Results: In total, 71.7% (n=586) of the respondents had tried to stop smoking during the past 12 months. The main result was that respondents who had viewed an anti-smoking advertisement in the past year significantly more smoking cessation attempts than those who had not (adjusted odds ratio=2.59; 95% confidence interval=1.45~4.62, <i>p</i>=.001).Conclusion: To encourage smoking cessation attempts among high school students who engage in intermittent and light smoking, healthcare providers, including school and community nurses, should develop effective interventions using anti-smoking advertisements tailored to adolescents’ interests and developmental stage.

scholarly journals Psychosocial Factors Associated with Initiation and Continuation of Substance Abuse among Preparatory Students in Addis Ababa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eyuel Berihun ◽  
Bethelhem Getu ◽  
Habtamu wondimu ◽  
Yenus Molla
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Poor Family

Abstract Background Substance abuse is the use of illicit drugs or the abuse of prescription or over the Counter drugs for the purpose other than those for which they are indicated or in a manner or in quantities other than directed. Substance abuse is an emerging public health problem in Ethiopia, like other African countries. Methods School based cross-sectional survey was employed. A total of 326 students were randomly selected from one government and two private schools. The 296 Sample size was calculated using the formula of a single population proportion and calculated using software Epi-info stat calculation by taking 31% proportion from previous study with confidence level of 95% and 5% degree of precision. Non-response rate in this study was estimated to be 10% (30). We use self-administer questionnaire to assess the physiological factors associated with initiation and continuation of substance abuse. Results The magnitude and the prevalence of substance abuse were 24.8% and the commonly abused were alcohol (30.8%), kchat (15.4%) and cigarette (11%). Other substances are rarely abused. The study also showed that male students were abused substance [OR, 95% CI: 3.150 (1.451, 8.685)] three times higher than that of females. In addition those who abused substances through peer pressure or [OR, 95% CI: 7.599 (4.571, 16.174)] were eight times more likely to abuse substances in contrast with those who did not. Other psychosocial factors: curiosity, poor family relationship and stress were positively associated with substance abuse. Conclusion substance abuse is a threat problem to the public as well as to the preparatory students of Addis Ababa; it is strong positively associated with various variables such as male students, peer pressure, curiosity, poor family relationship and stress of students. Peer pressure was the major precipitating factor for substance abuse followed by curiosity. The most commonly abused substances were alcohol, khat and cigarette. Yet, the magnitude of factors for substance abuse is high. From this, it can be generally said that substance abuse is a pressing issue for preparatory students.

Alcohol and drug use among staff at licensed premises in Norway

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Buvik ◽  
Elin K. Bye ◽  
Johanna Gripenberg
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Drug Prevention ◽  
Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽  
The Past ◽  
Licensed Premises

Aims: There is increased concern about the use of alcohol and illicit drugs in nightlife settings. Most studies of substance use in nightlife settings are from the patrons’ perspective, which leaves an understudied population – the nightclub staff. The aim of this paper is to study self-reported alcohol and substance use among staff at licensed premises in Norway: types of illicit drugs used, attitudes towards drugs, and observed drug use among patrons. Methods: A survey was conducted at server-training courses in 20 different cities in Norway during 2015. The survey included: demographics, respondents’ own alcohol and drug experience, attitudes towards drug use, and observed drug use among patrons at licensed premises. Results: Data were collected from 912 staff working at licensed premises. A majority reported alcohol use in the past year, and 61% reported alcohol use two or more times a month. Overall, 45% of the respondents reported ever-used of illicit drugs. The four most commonly used drugs among staff were cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy/MDMA, and amphetamine. The majority of respondents supported Norway’s strict drug laws, and 63% reported observing drug-intoxicated patrons at licensed premises during the past six months. Conclusions: The proportion of frequent drinkers and heavy episodic drinking among staff at licensed premises was high, and the prevalence of illicit drug use was much higher compared with the general population. Thus, staff at licensed premises can be considered a risk-group for alcohol and illicit drug use and therefore represent an important target population in club drug-prevention programmes.

Association Between Substance Use and Insufficient Sleep in U.S. High School Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 105984051990116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misol Kwon ◽  
Young S. Seo ◽  
Eunhee Park ◽  
Yu-Ping Chang
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
School Students ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sleep Assessment

Multidimensional causes of insufficient sleep among adolescents are not fully explored, particularly, the association between substance use and sleep duration. The 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) of high school students ( N = 14,638; 51% female, 14–18 years old) was used to examine the association between substance use, namely cigarette, electronic vapor, alcohol, and marijuana use in the past 30 days, and insufficient sleep (<8 hr) using logistic regression analyses. Findings suggest that the use of alcohol (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.42; 95% CI [1.22, 1.65]) and marijuana (AOR, 1.19; 95% CI [1.00, 1.41]) was significantly associated with having insufficient hours of sleep adjusting for age, sex, race, and computer use ≥3 hr per day. Moreover, interaction effects were examined for sex and age, which revealed that the association between marijuana use and having insufficient sleep was stronger for male and younger students. It highlights the potential value of sleep assessment among adolescent substance users.

scholarly journals Natural course of smoking cessation and predictors of quitting in young adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J Kalubi ◽  
E N Dugas ◽  
R J Wellman ◽  
M P Sylvestre ◽  
J O'Loughlin
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Natural Course ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Grade 11

Abstract Background Young adulthood is characterized by major life changes that can promote or inhibit cigarette smoking. Gaps in knowledge on the natural course of, and factors associated with quitting impede progress in designing effective cessation interventions targeting this age group. We describe the natural course of cessation among students who smoked cigarettes in their last year of high school and we identify predictors of quit status at age 30. Methods Data were drawn from an ongoing investigation of 1294 grade 7 students age 12-13 recruited in 1999-2000 in 10 high schools in Montreal, Canada. Using data collected at ages 17, 20, 24 and 30, grade 11 cigarette smokers were categorized as quitters or current smokers at age 30. Results Among 245 grade 11 smokers, 48% (55% of females; 33% of males) had quit by age 30. Among 106 quitters with complete data, 27% were consistently abstinent during young adulthood, 33% were intermittently abstinent and 40% were abstinent at age 30 only. Smokers at age 30 had higher impulsivity scores in grade 11 than quitters and were more likely to report nicotine dependence symptoms and have family members who smoked. Quitters rated self-control and social influences as more important reasons to quit than smokers. Although 85% of smokers wanted to quit, only 45% had used a cessation strategy in the past year. Conclusions Adolescents likely to be smokers at age 30 are identifiable in high school. Cessation assistance must be offered early in high school to provide adolescents with opportunities to quit before smoking becomes intractable. Key messages Among grade 11 smokers, 27% were consistently abstinent in young adulthood, 33% were intermittently abstinent, and 40% were abstinent at age 30 only. Cessation programs are needed early in high school to prevent intractable smoking.

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