scholarly journals Towards Targeted Interventions in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Risk Profiles of People Who Inject Drugs in Haiphong (Vietnam)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Adeline Riondel ◽  
Duong Thi Huong ◽  
Laurent Michel ◽  
Marianne Peries ◽  
Khuat Thi Hai Oanh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
People Who Inject Drugs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Urine Testing

People who inject drugs (PWID) are a dominant risk group afflicted by blood-borne viruses, mental health disorders, and social precariousness. Risk reduction interventions are administered to PWID regardless of their characteristics or specific risks. The objective of this cross-sectional analysis was to empirically identify profiles of PWID regarding their drug use, risk behaviors, and mental health in order to tailor adapted interventions taking into account limited access to comprehensive care in middle-income countries. PWID were recruited using respondent-driven sampling. PWID with urine testing positive for heroin or methamphetamine and manifesting recent skin injection marks were enrolled. Classification of participants was based on drug use, injection, risky sexual behavior, and mental health data. This was subjected to multiple correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical cluster analysis combined with K-means methodology. From October 2016 to January 2017, 1490 participants were recruited of which 1383 were eligible and enrolled. HCV prevalence was 70.5% and HIV prevalence 29.4%. The cluster analysis identified five distinct profiles: profile 1: recent injection practices and high alcohol consumption, profile 2: at-risk injection and sexual behaviors with precarious situations, profile 3: no sexual activity and older age, profile 4: frequent injections with high methamphetamine use, and profile 5: stable partnerships and less frequent injections. Our study has identified profiles of PWID at particularly high risks, and they should thus be targeted for interventions tailored to their specific risks.

Mental Health and HIV-related Risky Sexual Behaviors Among Cisgender, Transgender, and Gender Non- Conforming MSM in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhizhou Duan ◽  
Liyin Wang ◽  
Menglan Guo ◽  
Changmian Ding ◽  
Danqin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Gender Minority ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gender Minorities ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background The new recognition of sub-groups among gender minorities (i.e transgender and gender non-conforming) who also identify as men who have sex with men (MSM) play a considerable role in new HIV infections in China. However, while research focuses on the prevalence of MSM, it ignores the diversity of gender minorities within the MSM population. Furthermore, information on the mental health and HIV-related risky sexual behavior also requires consideration to understand the prevalence and new rates of infection both of MSM and within these gender minority sub-groups. Methods From September 2017 to December 2017, MSM were recruited in Wuhan, Nanchang, and Changsha cities in China. Participants were asked to fill out a structured self-designed questionnaire to assess depression, perceived social support, resilience, identify concealment, and HIV-related risky sexual behaviors. Results A total of 715 MSM completed the structured questionnaire, the number of gender minorities identifying as MSM were 63 and accounted for 8.8% of the population. Compared with the cisgender MSM population, transgender MSM had a significantly lower likelihood of identity concealment (P = 0.016, 95%CI = 0.16, 5.79), were more likely to have one-night stand/occasional partner in the past six months (AOR = 3.90, 95% CI = 1.17–13.03), have sex after drug use (AOR = 2.84, 95%CI = 1.18–6.79), and engage in commercial sexual behavior in the past six months (AOR = 6.09, 95%CI = 1.003–36.94). In terms of gender non-conforming MSM, the differences were not significant for mental health and HIV-related risky sexual behaviors in comparison to the cisgender MSM population. Conclusions It is critical to create targeted interventions tailored towards the different gender minority identities among the MSM population. Further research is necessary to understand the relationship between gender identity, mental health, and HIV-related risky sexual behaviors.

scholarly journals Twenty-five years of expectation: where are the services for older people with mental illness in Africa?

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Clausen ◽  
Adrian O. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Healthcare Provision ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Healthcare Budget ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
People With Mental Illness

Mental health disorders account for about 14% of the global burden of disease. Neuropsychiatric disorders may be responsible for more than 1.2 million deaths annually (Prince et al, 2007). Around 80% of those affected live in low- and middle-income countries. Yet, despite the fact that older persons carry a disproportionate burden of non-communicable disease and mental disorder, they are not seen as priority issues for healthcare provision in these countries. Logically and ethically, older persons should be prioritised for targeted interventions, alongside the generic strengthening of primary and community health provision. African governments, spurred on by the specific agendas of non-governmental and parastatal organisations, continue with more urgent tasks; their healthcare provision is oriented towards the ‘younger generations’ (maternal and child healthcare, and infection). In most African countries, the expenditure specifically targeted for mental health is below 1% of the total healthcare budget, that is, effectively non-existent (Saxena et al, 2007).

Depression in the Developing World

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Minas
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
International Development ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Development Programs ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Health And Social Services ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Culturally Informed ◽  
Global Understanding

This chapter provides an overview of what is known about prevalence, social determinants, treatment, and course and impact of depression in developing, or low- and middle-income, countries. The importance of culture in depression and in the construction and application of diagnostic classifications and in health and social services is highlighted, with a particular focus on the applicability of ‘Western’ diagnostic constructs and service systems in developing country settings. The role of international organizations, such as WHO, and international development programs, such as the SDGs, in improving our understanding of depression and in developing effective and culturally appropriate responses is briefly examined. There is both a need and increasing opportunities in developing countries for greater commitment to mental health of populations, increased investment in mental health and social services, and culturally informed research that will contribute to improved global understanding of mental disorders in general and depression in particular.

scholarly journals Mental health of children with neurodevelopmental disorders during COVID-19: A brief report of family experiences from a low and middle income country

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910452110260
Author(s):  
Sowmyashree M Kaku
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
Similar Report ◽  
Low And Middle Income

COVID-19 has grossly impacted lives of people across the globe. In particular, children have also been affected due to closure of schools, therapy, and day care centers. Families have been challenged with new circumstances, and mental health professionals are coming up with novel ways to help these families who have children with mental health issues. This article describes experiences of families who have children with a diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder with comorbid mental health difficulties and their ways of coping with the pandemic challenges. The series will throw light on ground level experiences of families during the pandemic, give insights into their ways of adapting, and brings out problem areas which healthcare professionals must work on, to design novel ways of care. The case series is novel and a similar report has probably not been presented from India or other low and middle income countries.

Prevalence of mental health and suicide risk in prisons in low- and middle-income countries: a rapid review

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Kathryn Hill ◽  
Verity Wainwright ◽  
Caroline Stevenson ◽  
Jane Senior ◽  
Catherine Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document