scholarly journals Neck Circumference is an Effective Supplement for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Screening in a Community-Based Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaohui Jian ◽  
Yiting Xu ◽  
Xiaojing Ma ◽  
Yun Shen ◽  
Yufei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Positive Correlation

Background. Accumulating evidence has shown that neck circumference (NC) is associated with obesity-related metabolic abnormalities. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is regarded as a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between NC and liver fat content (LFC) and NAFLD. Methods. A total of 1698 subjects (577 men and 1121 women) from the Shanghai community were enrolled. All the subjects underwent NC measurement and biochemical measurements. LFC was calculated using the parameters from abdominal ultrasound images. Elevated NC was defined as NC ≥38.5 cm in men and NC ≥34.5 cm in women. Results. Subjects with NAFLD based on the LFC measurement had higher values of NC, liver enzyme profiles, homoeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance index, and LFC than those without NAFLD (all P<0.05), irrespective of sex. NC showed an upward trend with the increase of LFC in both men and women (both P<0.05). An elevated NC could identify 55.22% of men and 50.29% of women with NAFLD based on quantitative ultrasonography. The positive correlation between NC and LFC remained significant even after adjustment for central obesity (both P<0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors, the risk of NAFLD in subjects with an elevated NC was 1.52-fold higher in men (P=0.036) and 2.31-fold higher in women (P<0.001). Conclusions. There was a significant and positive correlation between NC and LFC. The risk of NAFLD increased significantly in subjects with an elevated NC.

Abstract 05: Association of 25-Year Body Mass Index Trajectories Throughout Early Adulthood With Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa B VanWagner ◽  
Sadiya Khan ◽  
Hongyan NIng ◽  
Juned Siddique ◽  
Cora E Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Bmi Trajectory

Background: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has increased in parallel with obesity, is a risk factor for cirrhosis and liver cancer, and has few effective treatments. Identifying modifiable risk factors for NAFLD development is essential to effectively design prevention programs. We tested whether trajectories of body mass index (BMI) change throughout early adulthood were associated with risk of prevalent NAFLD in midlife independent of current BMI. Methods: Participants from the CARDIA study, a prospective multicenter population-based biracial cohort of adults (baseline age 18-30 years), underwent BMI measurement at exam years 0, 2, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, and 25. At Year 25 (Y25, 2010-2011), liver fat was assessed by computed tomography. NAFLD was identified after exclusion of other causes of liver fat (alcohol/hepatitis). Latent mixture modeling was used to identify 25-year trajectories in BMI percent (%) change relative to baseline BMI over time. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between BMI trajectory group and prevalent NAFLD with adjustment for baseline or current Y25 BMI. Results: Among 4,423 participants, we identified 4 distinct trajectories of BMI %change: stable BMI (26.2% of the cohort, 25-year mean BMI Δ=0.7 kg/m 2 ), mild increase (46.0%, BMI Δ=5.2 kg/m 2 ), moderate increase (20.9%, BMI Δ=10.0 kg/m 2 ), and extreme increase (6.9%, BMI Δ=15.1 kg/m 2 ) (Figure). NAFLD prevalence at Y25 was higher with increasing BMI trajectory: 4.1%, 9.3%, 13.0%, and 17.6% (p-trend <0.0001). At baseline, 34.6% of participants had overweight or obesity. After adjustment for confounders, trajectories of greater BMI increase were associated with greater NAFLD prevalence independent of baseline or current Y25 BMI (Figure). Conclusion: Weight gain throughout adulthood is associated with greater prevalence of NAFLD in midlife independent of baseline or current BMI. These findings highlight weight maintenance throughout adulthood as a potential target for primary prevention of NAFLD.

Abstract 52: Associations of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction: The CARDIA Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa B VanWagner ◽  
Jane E Wilcox ◽  
Laura A Colangelo ◽  
Donald M Lloyd-Jones ◽  
J J Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Lv Mass

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an obesity-related condition with high cardiovascular morbidity. NAFLD patients often have echocardiographic features of left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. In a large population-based cross-sectional sample of black and white adults free from prevalent liver or heart disease, we tested the hypothesis that NAFLD is associated with subclinical myocardial dysfunction independent of BMI or visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Methods: Participants from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study (Y25 exam; age 43-55 years) with concurrent CT quantification of liver fat and tissue Doppler echocardiography with myocardial strain measured by speckle tracking were included (n=2,572). NAFLD was defined as liver attenuation ≤ 40 Hounsfield units after exclusion of other causes of liver fat (medication/alcohol use). Linear regression models were used to test associations. Results: NAFLD prevalence was 9.9%. NAFLD participants were more likely to be male (57.1% vs. 41.5%), white (57.5% vs. 50.6%), and had higher BMI (36.3 vs. 29.8 kg/m2) and VAT (222.4 vs. 120.5 cm3) than non-NAFLD. Those with NAFLD also had lower e’ tissue velocity (10.8 vs. 11.9 cm/s), lower E/A ratio (1.2 vs. 1.3), and higher E/e’ ratio (8.4 vs. 7.7). Increased LV mass, left atrial area, LV relative wall thickness, and cardiac output (CO) were present in NAFLD. Global longitudinal strain was also worse in NAFLD (-14.2% vs. -15.2%, all p<0.05). In multivariable analyses adjusted for demographics, health behaviors and BMI, the associations of NAFLD with markers of subclinical myocardial dysfunction were attenuated but remained significant (Table 1). Only e’ velocity, LV mass and CO remained significant after adjustment for VAT. Effect modification by race and sex was not statistically significant. Conclusion: NAFLD is associated with subclinical myocardial dysfunction independent of BMI. Attenuation of the relationship by VAT supports the hypothesis that VAT may be a marker of NAFLD.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Estimated Insulin Resistance in Obese Youth: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Morandi ◽  
Anna Di Sessa ◽  
Chiara Zusi ◽  
Giuseppina Rosaria Umano ◽  
Dania El Mazloum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Genetic Risk Score ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Causal Association ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and predicts type 2 diabetes. Currently, it is uncertain whether NAFLD may directly cause IR or vice versa. Objective To test the hypothesis that NAFLD is causally related to IR. Design and Methods We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) in 904 obese children/adolescents using an NAFLD-related genetic risk score (GRS) as an instrumental variable. We assessed NAFLD by ultrasonography and IR by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). We also interrogated the MAGIC Consortium dataset of 46 186 adults to assess the association between PNPLA3 rs738409 (ie, the most robust NAFLD-related polymorphism) and HOMA-IR, and we performed a 2-sample MR with 2 large datasets to test reverse causation (HOMA-IR increasing the risk of NAFLD). Results Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence increased by 20% for every increase in the GRS (β-coefficient = 0.20, P &lt; 0.001), and NAFLD was associated with ln-HOMA-IR (β-coefficient = 0.28, P &lt; 0.001). Thus, the expected increase in ln-HOMA-IR for every increase in the GRS (expected β-coefficient) was 0.056 (0.28*0.20) in the case of complete NAFLD-HOMA-IR causal association, and 0.042 in the case of 75% causality. In our cohort, the GRS did not predict ln-HOMA-IR (β-coefficient = 0.007, P = 0.75). In the MAGIC cohort, the PNPLA3 rs738409 did not associate with ln-HOMA-IR. The 2-sample MR failed to show a causal association between ln-HOMA-IR and NAFLD. Conclusions Our study shows that genetically-influenced NAFLD does not increase HOMA-IR, and genetically-influenced HOMA-IR does not increase the risk of NAFLD. Shared pathogenic pathways or NAFLD subtypes not “captured” by our MR design might underpin the association between NAFLD and HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals The Association between SOCS1−1656G>A Polymorphism, Insulin Resistance and Obesity in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kempinska-Podhorodecka ◽  
Ewa Wunsch ◽  
Piotr Milkiewicz ◽  
Ewa Stachowska ◽  
Malgorzata Milkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Cytokine Signaling ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Risk Variants

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins prevent uncontrolled cytokine signaling and appear to play a role in the pathological processes behind obesity and insulin resistance. The polymorphism of the SOCS1 gene (rs243330, −1656G>A) is associated with obesity and glucose sensitivity. To estimate the effect of this SOCS1 gene polymorphism on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) susceptibility, we performed a study on 138 patients with ultrasound-confirmed NAFLD and 1000 healthy blood donors. The relationship between the SOCS1−1656G>A polymorphism and serum biochemical parameters in NAFLD was additionally investigated. The SOCS1 variant was genotyped using a dedicated TaqMan assay. The frequency of rs243330 polymorphism did not differ between patients and controls. However, in a cohort of obese individuals (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) the occurrence of the G allele of the SOCS1−1656G>A polymorphism was strongly associated with NAFLD (odds ratio (OR) 1.6; 95% CI,1.1–2.5; p = 0.009), and carriers of the AA genotype have lower risk of developing NAFLD (OR 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2–0.7; p = 0.004). Overweight NAFLD patients who were carriers of GG genotypes had significantly lower levels of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values (p = 0.03 vs. AA), and the obese GG homozygotes had lower serum concertation of triglyceride (GG vs. AA; p = 0.02). Serum liver enzyme activities were not modified by the presence of SOCS1 risk variants. In conclusion, the observed phenotype of overweight NAFLD patients with non-elevated levels of TG and HOMA-IR, which is associated with genetic variants of SOCS1, provides a rationale for further research on the pathophysiology of fatty liver disease.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Potential ofTamarindus indicaon High Fat Diet Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suja Rani Sasidharan ◽  
Joshua Allan Joseph ◽  
Senthilkumar Anandakumar ◽  
Vijayabalaji Venkatesan ◽  
Chandrasekharan Nair Ariyattu Madhavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Dose Levels

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the prevalence of which is rising globally with current upsurge in obesity, is one of the most frequent causes of chronic liver diseases. The present study evaluated the ameliorative effect of extract ofTamarindus indicaseed coat (ETS) on high fat diet (HFD) induced NAFLD, after daily administration at 45, 90, and 180 mg/kg body weight dose levels for a period of 6 weeks, in albino Wistar rats. Treatment with ETS at all tested dose levels significantly attenuated the pathological alterations associated with HFD induced NAFLDviz. hepatomegaly, elevated hepatic lipid and lipid peroxides, serum alanine aminotransferase, and free fatty acid levels as well as micro-/macrohepatic steatosis. Moreover, extract treatment markedly reduced body weight and adiposity along with an improvement in insulin resistance index. The study findings, therefore suggested the therapeutic potential of ETS against NAFLD, acting in part through antiobesity, insulin sensitizing, and antioxidant mechanisms.

scholarly journals Utility of magnetic resonance imaging versus histology for quantifying changes in liver fat in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease trials

Hepatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1930-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazen Noureddin ◽  
Jessica Lam ◽  
Michael R. Peterson ◽  
Michael Middleton ◽  
Gavin Hamilton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver
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