scholarly journals Cynanchum paniculatum and Its Major Active Constituents for Inflammatory-Related Diseases: A Review of Traditional Use, Multiple Pathway Modulations, and Clinical Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jing-xian Chen ◽  
Chien-shan Cheng ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Ling-ling Lv ◽  
Zi-jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Multiple Pathway ◽  
Cynanchum Paniculatum ◽  
History Of

Cynanchum paniculatum Radix, known as Xuchangqing in Chinese, is commonly prescribed in Chinese Medicine (CM) for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases. The anti-inflammatory property of Cynanchum paniculatum can be traced from its wind-damp removing, collaterals’ obstruction relieving, and toxins counteracting effects as folk medicine in CM. This paper systematically reviewed the research advancement of the pharmacological effects of Cynanchum paniculatum among a variety of human diseases, including diseases of the respiratory, circulatory, digestive, urogenital, hematopoietic, endocrine and metabolomic, neurological, skeletal, and rheumatological systems and malignant diseases. This review aims to link the long history of clinical applications of Cynanchum paniculatum in CM with recent biomedical investigations. The major bioactive chemical compositions of Cynanchum paniculatum and their associated action mechanism unveiled by biomedical investigations as well as the present clinical applications and future perspectives are discussed. The major focuses of this review are on the diverse mechanisms of Cynanchum paniculatum and the role of its active components in inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals The Role of Women in Medical Services in the Early Islamic Period

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Levent Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Islamic Period ◽  
Pediatric Diseases ◽  
History Of ◽  
Body Care ◽  
Early Islamic Period ◽  
Early Islamic ◽  
Surgical Operations

During the time of the Prophet Muhammad, some women took part in medical services to contribute their society, in Mecca and Medina. We found approximately 50 women contributing to their society in terms of medical services. Their medical contributions were generally traditional practices about the daily necessities of their society. Understanding the service provided by these women to their society at that time is very significant in terms of its contribution to the history of folk medicine. The contribution of these women was mainly in the areas of the nursing and assisting the midwifes, prenatal and postnatal care, some surgical operations, caring were wounded in wars, giving soldiers a meal, medical treatment for some diseases and daily injuring, treatment of animal beats, psychological therapy, practicing dietician care and body care, some folkloric treatments of some pediatric diseases, and sexual education. In this paper, I will ground my work on Islamic sources.

scholarly journals Role of Emollients in Prevention of the Comorbid Allergic Diseases Development in Children with Atopic Dermatitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-339
Author(s):  
Nikolay N. Murashkin ◽  
Roman A. Ivanov ◽  
Dmitri V. Fedorov ◽  
Eduard T. Ambarchyan ◽  
Roman V. Epishev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Social Maladjustment ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Epidermal Barrier ◽  
New Class

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the common multifactorial inflammatory diseases manifesting predominantly in childhood. There is significant number of cases of self-regression of the disease with aging. On the other hand, there is also another scenario ending with AD persistent course and/or development of comorbid allergic pathologies that can significantly worsen patient’s quality of life and finally lead to social maladjustment. The pathogenesis of such way includes epidermal barrier disturbance, transcutaneous sensibilisation and aberrant allergic (Th2) immune systemic response development. Main role in preventing of this pathological pathway is lying on the new class of moisturizers containing active components "emollients plus". They are considered as foundation for the therapy and prevention of the development of AD and other allergic diseases. This literature review provides relevant data on AD pathogenesis and development of comorbid allergic pathologies. This paper also covers data on the effect of emollients in restoration of the epidermal barrier and their use as preventive measures.

scholarly journals Chemical profile and antimicrobial activity of extractable compounds of Betula litwinowii (Betulaceae) buds

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery A. Isidorov ◽  
Róża Bagan ◽  
Lech Szczepaniak ◽  
Izabela Swiecicka
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chemical Profile ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Volatile Elements ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
Extractable Compounds

AbstractIn spite of the long history of therapeutic use of buds from different birch species in folk medicine the existing information on their chemical composition is insufficient. The main goal was to develop a method for GC-MS determination of the chemical profile of birch buds as well as their antimicrobial activity. 150 substances of different classes were identified in Betula litwinowii buds. The volatile elements of the buds were mainly represented by sesquiterpene compounds. Ether extracts also contained other biologically active components such as flavonoids and triterpenoids. However, a particular feature of this fraction was the high content of sesquiterpene phenylpropenoids, including esters of ferulic and caffeic acids with caryophyllene-type alcohols that had not been previously found in any biological samples. Apart from carbohydrates, a series of free amino acids were detected in methanol extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the ether extracts of the buds was observed against all of the microorganisms tested, with MIC values from 0.04 to 0.08 mg mL-1 for Gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans. However, their inhibitory activities against tested Gram-negative bacteria were rather occasional.

scholarly journals Histamine and its Effects Mediated via H3 Receptor – Potential Clinical Applications of H3 Antagonists

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (Supplement-1) ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
E. Hanuskova ◽  
J. Plevkova
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Receptor Potential ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Histamine Receptor ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs

Abstract Histamine is one of the most important biogenic amines and it mediates numbers of physiological processes. It is also involved in majority of inflammatory diseases via its receptors H1, H2, H3 and H4. The role of histamine had been recognized as substantial in many allergic diseases including bronchial asthma, thus the histamine receptor antagonists (H1) are frequently used in the clinical practice as potent anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drugs. However, first generation of antihistamines have also adverse effects, predominantly sedation, changes in appetite and many more, and they are still not fully effective in all patients. Attention is now focused mainly on H3 and H4 receptor antagonists and their potential clinical applications. This review focuses basically on the H3 receptor, its expression pattern and some effects which are mediated by H3, discussing its clinical relevance

The Role of Nuclear Medicine in Inflammatory Diseases: Drug Targets and Clinical Applications

2012 ◽  
pp. 629-679
Author(s):  
Andor W. J. M. Glaudemans ◽  
Erik F. J. de Vries ◽  
Marco Chianelli ◽  
Tiziana Lanzolla ◽  
Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Clinical Applications

scholarly journals Over Fifty Years of Life, Death, and Cannibalism: A Historical Recollection of Apoptosis and Autophagy

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12466
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Izadi ◽  
Tayyiba Akbar Ali ◽  
Ehsan Pourkarimi
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Apoptosis Pathways ◽  
History Of ◽  
Shed Light

Research in biomedical sciences has changed dramatically over the past fifty years. There is no doubt that the discovery of apoptosis and autophagy as two highly synchronized and regulated mechanisms in cellular homeostasis are among the most important discoveries in these decades. Along with the advancement in molecular biology, identifying the genetic players in apoptosis and autophagy has shed light on our understanding of their function in physiological and pathological conditions. In this review, we first describe the history of key discoveries in apoptosis with a molecular insight and continue with apoptosis pathways and their regulation. We touch upon the role of apoptosis in human health and its malfunction in several diseases. We discuss the path to the morphological and molecular discovery of autophagy. Moreover, we dive deep into the precise regulation of autophagy and recent findings from basic research to clinical applications of autophagy modulation in human health and illnesses and the available therapies for many diseases caused by impaired autophagy. We conclude with the exciting crosstalk between apoptosis and autophagy, from the early discoveries to recent findings.

The Role of Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae) in Modern Versus Traditional Chinese Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1522-1526
Author(s):  
Chenjuan Zeng ◽  
Qi Liao ◽  
Ye Hu ◽  
Yongmei Shen ◽  
Funeng Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Use

Abstract The purpose of this review is to elaborate the role of Periplaneta (P.) americana L. in modern and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and compare the use of the species in these two forms of medical treatments. From searches on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, studies were identified involving TCMs with P. americana, which have a history of use over several thousand years, and demonstrate how extracts from this insect play a role in the treatment of diseases through antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor activity, and enhancement of immune function. Extracts from P. americana have not been fully developed for clinical use because the active components have not been completely purified or their molecular mechanisms thoroughly understood. The development of extraction technology in modern Chinese medicine has revealed that many extracts from P. americana are able to play an important role in the control of diseases such as cancer. Drugs such as ‘Kangfuxin Solution’ and ‘Xinmailong Injection’ are now widely used for gastrointestinal ulcers and chronic heart failure, having achieved beneficial curative effects in clinical studies. Based on this, the information from studies of P. americana in TCM and modern medicine should be combined and their respective advantages applied. This review provides an overview of the role of P. americana in modern and TCM and thus contributes to identification of further applications and area requiring drug development.

scholarly journals Physiological and Immunological Causes of the Susceptibility of Chronic Inflammatory Patients to COVID-19 Infection: Focus on Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Rahmani-Kukia ◽  
Ardeshir Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Infection Focus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Motivate Behavior

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has recently emerged, which was then spread rapidly in more than 190 countries worldwide so far. According to the World Health Organization, 3,232,062 global cases of COVID-19 were confirmed on April 30th with a mortality rate of 3.4%. Notably, the symptoms are almost similar to those of flu such as fever, cough, and fatigue. Unfortunately, the global rates of morbidity and mortality caused by this disease are more and still increasing on a daily basis. The rates for patients suffering from inflammatory diseases like diabetes, is even further, due to their susceptibility to the pathogenesis of COVID-19. In this review, we attempted to focus on diabetes to clarify the physiological and immunological characteristics of diabetics before and after the infection with COVID-19. We hope these conceptions could provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in COVID-19 susceptibility and increase the awareness of risk to motivate behavior changes in vulnerable people for enhancing the prevention. Up to now, the important role of immune responses, especially the innate ones, in the development of the worst signs in COVID-19 infection have been confirmed. Therefore, to better control patients with COVID-19, it is recommended to consider a history of chronic inflammatory diseases as well as the way of controlling immune response in these patients.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of a family history of adenocarcinomas in patients with Barrett oesophagus

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A442-A442
Author(s):  
P TSIBOURIS ◽  
M HENDRICKSE ◽  
P ISAACS
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Barrett Oesophagus
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