scholarly journals In Vitro Nephrotoxicity Induced by Herb-Herb Interaction between Radix Glycyrrhizae and Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Di Geng ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Xiaoxuan Liu ◽  
Siqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Radix Glycyrrhizae ◽  
Ros Accumulation ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Apoptosis Detection ◽  
High Content Analysis ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Darby Canine Kidney

Radix Glycyrrhizae (RG)-Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis (REP) is a representative incompatible herbal pair of Eighteen Incompatible Medicaments (EIM) and has been disputed in clinical application for a long time. The present study was performed with the Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line using cell cytotoxicity assay, apoptosis detection, cell cycle measurement, reactive oxygen species (ROS) determination, and high content analysis (HCA) in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprint comparison to clarify whether RG and REP can be concomitantly used from the perspective of cytotoxicity, investigate the major correlated compounds, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that the toxicity of REP could be significantly enhanced through its concomitant use with RG in the ratio of 1 : 1, and this increased toxicity could be weakened with the further increased proportion of RG. 3,3′-di-O-methylellagic acid-4′-O-β-D-xylopyranoside (DEAX) and 3,3′-di-O-methylellagic acid (DEA) were shown to be mainly responsible for the toxicity induced by concomitant use of REP and RG. Both RG-REP decoctions and the above two compounds boosted cell apoptosis, cellular morphological change, ROS accumulation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption. In conclusion, the incompatible use of RG and REP is conditionally established because of the bidirectional regulatory effect of RG, and the major compounds responsible for RG-REP incompatibility are DEAX and DEA, which result in toxicity through activation of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis induced by increased ROS production. This study provided a basis for understanding the incompatible use of RG and REP and the EIM theory.

Bioinformatics-based Prediction of the mechanism and targets for BushenjieduDecoction in preventing relapse of acute leukemia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilong Sun ◽  
Fujun Yang ◽  
Weipeng Shi ◽  
Xia Tao ◽  
Zhiwei Xi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioinformatics Analysis ◽  
Topological Analysis ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicines ◽  
Potential Mechanism ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Chinese Medicines ◽  
Kegg Pathways ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background: Leukemia is a lethal myeloproliferative disorder, its’ relapse following chemotherapy is the major concern in clinical practice. For a long time, we found that traditional Chinese medicines such as Bushenjiedudecoction (BSJD) have significant effects on delaying relapse. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear, which limits the clinical application of BSJD decoction. Methods: Therefore, we tried to make some explorations in this study. We isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) after treated them with BSJD for proteomic analysis. And then 109 targets were screened out through analysis of the shared proteins of that affected by BSJD and those related to leukemia. Subsequently, the data were analyzed by GO functions, KEGG pathways, PPI network and topological analysis, and then some nodes were selected for animal experiment. Results: As a result, we demonstrated the effective targets of BSJD on MSC through bioinformatics analysis and explored the potential mechanism of BSJD from its influence on niches.These targets contains Hspb1、Dnmt1、Mmp2、Thbs1、Crebbp、Hmgb1、Acta2、Cdkn1b、Atg7、Tsc2 and Icam1. Afterwards, we confirmed BSJD reduced the gene expression of ICAM-1 through cultured MSC in vitro.Conclusions: We screened the potential targets of BSJD on MSC through proteomics and bioinformatics analysis, and selected some genes for experimental verification. These studies demonstrated the effect of BSJD on MSC. We hope that this research method could provide a new way of systematically studying the effects of traditional Chinese medicine on diseases.

scholarly journals Hemoglobin Neapolis, beta 126(H4)Val----Gly: a novel beta-chain variant associated with a mild beta-thalassemia phenotype and displaying anomalous stability features

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 3070-3075 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Pagano ◽  
G Lacerra ◽  
L Camardella ◽  
M De Angioletti ◽  
G Fioretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Beta Chain ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Oligonucleotide Hybridization

Abstract A novel beta-chain, beta 126(H4)Val----Gly, electrophoretically silent, was detected by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography in three unrelated families from Naples (Southern Italy) and accounted for about 30% of the total beta-chains. The amino acid substitution was detected by HPLC fingerprint. The eight heterozygous patients showed hematologic and biosynthetic alterations of mild beta-thalassemia type. The hemoglobin variant showed abnormal stability features. It was unstable in the heat stability and isopropanol precipitation tests, but did not cause a hemolytic syndrome in vivo and was stable in a time- course experiment of biosynthesis in vitro. DNA polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing of the mutated gene from 135 nt upstream of the cap site to 106 nt downstream of the polyadenylation site showed only the beta 126 GTG----GGG mutation, which was confirmed in the other patients by allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization. The mutation was found to be associated with a type II beta-globin framework and restriction fragment length polymorphism haplotype V. The novel variant was named hemoglobin Neapolis.

scholarly journals After In Vitro Digestion, Jackfruit Flake Affords Protection against Acrylamide-Induced Oxidative Damage

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (18) ◽  
pp. 3322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daofeng Qu ◽  
Chu Liu ◽  
Mengxue Jiang ◽  
Lifang Feng ◽  
Yuewen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Content Analysis ◽  
High Level

Some studies have demonstrated that acrylamide (AA) was correlated with oxidative stress, resulting in physical damage. The jackfruit flake was an immature pulp that contained a high level of antioxidant activity. This study aimed to assess the defensive efficacy of jackfruit flake in AA-induced oxidative stress before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Our results indicate that the total polyphenol content of Jackfruit flake digest (Digestive products of jackfruit flake after gastrointestinal, JFG) was diminished; however, JFG had raised the relative antioxidant capacity compared to Jackfruit flake extract (JFE). Additionally, the results of High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS) implied that a proportion of compounds were degraded/converted into other unknown and/or undetected metabolites. Further, by high content analysis (HCA) techniques, JFG markedly reduced cytotoxicity and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, thereby alleviating mitochondrial disorders. In this study, it may be converted active compounds after digestion that had preferable protective effects against AA-induced oxidative damage.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility of Polyimides: A Mini-Review

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin P. Constantin ◽  
Magdalena Aflori ◽  
Radu F. Damian ◽  
Radu D. Rusu
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Robust Methods ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
High Performance Polymers ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Hostile Environments ◽  
Proper Analysis

Polyimides (PIs) represent a benchmark for high-performance polymers on the basis of a remarkable collection of valuable traits and accessible production pathways and therefore have incited serious attention from the ever-demanding medical field. Their characteristics make them suitable for service in hostile environments and purification or sterilization by robust methods, as requested by most biomedical applications. Even if PIs are generally regarded as “biocompatible”, proper analysis and understanding of their biocompatibility and safe use in biological systems deeply needed. This mini-review is designed to encompass some of the most robust available research on the biocompatibility of various commercial or noncommercial PIs and to comprehend their potential in the biomedical area. Therefore, it considers (i) the newest concepts in the field, (ii) the chemical, (iii) physical, or (iv) manufacturing elements of PIs that could affect the subsequent biocompatibility, and, last but not least, (v) in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility assessment and (vi) reachable clinical trials involving defined polyimide structures. The main conclusion is that various PIs have the capacity to accommodate in vivo conditions in which they are able to function for a long time and can be judiciously certified as biocompatible.

Biocontrol potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LYZ69 against anthracnose of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinling Hu ◽  
Mingzhu Zheng ◽  
Shuzhong Dang ◽  
Ming Shi ◽  
Jinling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ros Accumulation ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Biocontrol Potential ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Anthracnose is a destructive disease of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) that causes severe yield losses. Biological control can be an effective and eco-friendly approach to control this alfalfa disease. In the present study, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens LYZ69, previously isolated from healthy alfalfa roots, showed a strong in vitro antifungal activity against Colletotrichum truncatum, an important causal agent of anthracnose of alfalfa. The strain LYZ69 protected alfalfa plants (biocontrol efficacy of 82.59%) from anthracnose under greenhouse conditions. The cell-free culture (CFC) of LYZ69 (20%; v/v) caused 60% and 100% inhibition of mycelial growth and conidial germination, respectively. High-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) separated and identified cyclic lipopeptides (LPs) such as bacillomycin D and fengycin in the CFC of LYZ69. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the mixture of cyclic LPs produced by LYZ69 caused drastic changes in mycelial morphology. Fluorescence microscopy showed that the LPs induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and caused apoptosis-like cell death in C. truncatum hyphae. In summary, our findings provide evidence to support B. amyloliquefaciens LYZ69 as a promising candidate for the biological control of anthracnose in alfalfa.

Hemoglobin Neapolis, beta 126(H4)Val----Gly: a novel beta-chain variant associated with a mild beta-thalassemia phenotype and displaying anomalous stability features

Blood ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 3070-3075
Author(s):  
L Pagano ◽  
G Lacerra ◽  
L Camardella ◽  
M De Angioletti ◽  
G Fioretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Direct Sequencing ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Beta Chain ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Oligonucleotide Hybridization

A novel beta-chain, beta 126(H4)Val----Gly, electrophoretically silent, was detected by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography in three unrelated families from Naples (Southern Italy) and accounted for about 30% of the total beta-chains. The amino acid substitution was detected by HPLC fingerprint. The eight heterozygous patients showed hematologic and biosynthetic alterations of mild beta-thalassemia type. The hemoglobin variant showed abnormal stability features. It was unstable in the heat stability and isopropanol precipitation tests, but did not cause a hemolytic syndrome in vivo and was stable in a time- course experiment of biosynthesis in vitro. DNA polymerase chain reaction direct sequencing of the mutated gene from 135 nt upstream of the cap site to 106 nt downstream of the polyadenylation site showed only the beta 126 GTG----GGG mutation, which was confirmed in the other patients by allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization. The mutation was found to be associated with a type II beta-globin framework and restriction fragment length polymorphism haplotype V. The novel variant was named hemoglobin Neapolis.

Melatonin alleviates deoxynivalenol-induced apoptosis of human granulosa cells by reducing mutually accentuated FOXO1 and ER stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufeng Xue ◽  
Shuhang Li ◽  
Huijuan Zou ◽  
Dongmei Ji ◽  
Mingrong Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Er Stress ◽  
Granulosa Cells ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Human Granulosa Cells ◽  
Downstream Effector ◽  
Ros Accumulation ◽  
Additional Protection ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most prevalent Fusarium mycotoxins which cause detrimental effects on human and animal reproductive systems by inducing oxidative stress. Increasing evidence has suggested the potential roles of melatonin in protecting granulosa cells from oxidative injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we demonstrated that suppression of FOXO1 and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was engaged in melatonin-mediated protection against oxidative damage in human granulosa cells upon DON exposure in vitro. DON induced excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, cells viability loss, reduced estradiol-17β and progesterone production in human granulosa cells, whereas melatonin ameliorated these phenotypes. Next, we found that the protective effect of melatonin against apoptosis was via reducing ER stress because inhibition of ER stress displayed similar protective effects during DON treatment. Moreover, melatonin provided no additional protection when ER stress was inhibited. We further found that FOXO1 is a pivotal downstream effector of melatonin and ER stress in regulating DON-induced apoptosis in human granulosa cells. Blocking of FOXO1 reduced DON-induced cells death and FOXO1 activation could be suppressed by melatonin or ER stress inhibitor. However, melatonin failed to further restore cells viability in the presence of FOXO1 inhibitor. Collectively, our results reveal a new mechanism of melatonin in protecting against DON-induced apoptosis and dysfunction by suppressing ER stress and FOXO1 in human granulosa cells.

scholarly journals Polydatin Inhibits Formation of Macrophage-Derived Foam Cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Wu ◽  
Meixia Liu ◽  
Gang Guo ◽  
Wengao Zhang ◽  
Longtao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Gene Knockout Mice ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Rhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, a Chinese herbal medicine, has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for a long time. Polydatin, one of the major active ingredients inRhizoma Polygoni Cuspidati, has been recently shown to possess extensive cardiovascular pharmacological activities. In present study, we examined the effects of Polydatin on the formation of peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells in Apolipoprotein E gene knockout mice (ApoE−/−) and explored the potential underlying mechanisms. Peritoneal macrophages were collected from ApoE−/−mice and culturedin vitro. These cells sequentially were divided into four groups: Control group, Model group, Lovastatin group, and Polydatin group. Our results demonstrated that Polydatin significantly inhibits the formation of foam cells derived from peritoneal macrophages. Further studies indicated that Polydatin regulates the metabolism of intracellular lipid and possesses anti-inflammatory effects, which may be regulated through the PPAR-γsignaling pathways.

Co-purification of bone resorbing activity and adenylate cyclase stimulating activity from human tumours associated with the humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy

1987 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chohei Shigeno ◽  
Itsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Shegiharu Dokoh ◽  
Megumu Hino ◽  
Jun Aoki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Basic Protein ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Human Tumours ◽  
Acid Stable ◽  
Bone Resorbing Activity

Abstract. We have partially purified a tumour factor capable of stimulating both bone resorption in vitro and cAMP accumulation in osteoblastic ROS 17/2 cells from three human tumours associated with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy. Purification of tumour factor by sequential acid urea extraction, gel filtration and cation-exchange chromatography, reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography followed by analytical isoelectric focussing provided a basic protein (pI > 9.3) with a molecular weight of approximately 13 000 as a major component of the final preparation which retained both the two bioactivities. Bone resorbing activity and cAMP-increasing activity in purified factor correlated with each other. cAMP-increasing activity of the factor was heat- and acid-stable, but sensitive to alkaline ambient pH. Treatment with trypsin destroyed cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. Synthetic parathyroid hormone (PTH) antagonist, human PTH-(3– 34) completely inhibited the cAMP-increasing activity of the factor. The results suggest that this protein factor, having its effects on both osteoclastic and osteoblastic functions, may be involved in development of enhanced bone resorption in some patients with humoral hypercalcaemia of malignancy.

Cytotoxic Effect of the Combination of Gemcitabine and Atorvastatin Loaded in Microemulsion on the HCT116 Colon Cancer Cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayson H. Alkhatib ◽  
Dalal Al-Saedi ◽  
Wadiah S. Backer
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Anticancer Drugs ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Colon Cancer Cells ◽  
Apoptosis Detection ◽  
Hct116 Cells

The combination of anticancer drugs in nanoparticles has great potential as a promising strategy to maximize efficacies by eradicating resistant, reduce the dosage of the drug and minimize toxicities on the normal cells. Gemcitabine (GEM), a nucleoside analogue, and atorvastatin (ATV), a cholesterol lowering agent, have shown anticancer effect with some limitations. The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of the combination therapy of GEM and ATVencapsulated in a microemulsion (ME) formulation in the HCT116 colon cancer cells. The cytotoxicity and efficacy of the formulation were assessed by the 3- (4,5dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphyneltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The mechanism of cell death was examined by observing the morphological changes of treated cells under light microscope, identifying apoptosis by using the ApopNexin apoptosis detection kit, and viewing the morphological changes in the chromatin structure stained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) under the inverted fluorescence microscope. It has been found that reducing the concentration of GEM loaded on ME (GEM-ME) from 5μM to 1.67μM by combining it with 3.33μM of ATV in a ME formulation (GEM/2ATV-ME) has preserved the strong cytotoxicity of GEM-ME against HCT116 cells. The current study proved that formulating GEM with ATV in ME has improved the therapeutic potential of GEM and ATV as anticancer drugs.

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