scholarly journals Finite Element Simulation and Performance Test of Loading and Mixing Characteristics of Self-Propelled Total Mixed Ration Mixer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Fuyang Tian ◽  
Yuhua Chen ◽  
Zhanhua Song ◽  
Yinfa Yan ◽  
Li Fade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Mixing Performance ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Material Mixing

Simulation analysis and parameter optimization are performed for the loading and mixing devices of a self-propelled total mixed ration mixer. To reveal the three-dimensional movement of silage material under the action of the loading cutter roller, the latter is modeled using SolidWorks software. ANSYS/LS-DYNA software is used to simulate the process of silage cutting, which is modeled using smoothed particle hydrodynamics coupled with the finite element method. The cutting force and power consumption are simulated, and the behavior of the equivalent strain of the silage is determined. The results showed that silage was broken up mainly by extrusion and shear force due to the loading cutter roller. The power consumption according to the simulation is consistent with the value from an empirical formula, confirming the validity of the proposed modeling method. To study the mixing performance and obtain the optimum parameters of the mixing device, the Hertz–Mindlin model is used for the interaction between material particles and mixing device. A three-factor, five-level method is used to optimize the mixing performance. Material-mixing time, loading rate, and auger speed are chosen as experimental factors and mixed uniformity as an evaluation index. It is found that auger speed and material mixing time have significant effects on mixing uniformity. These results provide reference values allowing the analysis of the crushing of silage and selection of the optimum parameters for mixing performance.

scholarly journals Comparison of mixing performances of T, Y and arrow-shaped micromixers using Villermaux-Dushman protocol at low Reynolds number

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-394
Author(s):  
Onyeka Okwundu ◽  
Mohammed Fuseini ◽  
Ahmed El-Shazly ◽  
Marwa Elkady
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Low Reynolds Number ◽  
Mixing Times ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
Reliable Technique ◽  
Mixing Performance ◽  
Extraction Test ◽  
Low Reynolds

Mixing performance is commonly assessed using the Villermaux? ?Dushman protocol. Mixing in passive mixers may need to be at very low Reynolds number (Re). This study is aimed at comparing the mixing performances of T, Y and arrow-shaped micromixers using the Villermaux?Dushman protocol at Re < 100. The mixing performance test was run at flow rates of 500 to 1 mL h-1 with the pressure drop measurement. Based on UV absorbance values and experimental mixing times of mixed fluids from the three micromixers, the order of mixing performance at Re > 26.5 was Y < T < arrow-shaped micromixers. At lower Re values, the order of performance based on the absorbance and the experimental mixing times, became inconsistent. However, the comparison of mixing performance based on predicted mixing time gave consistent order of performance at all Re values. The instability in UV absorbance of mixed reagents in Villermaux?Dushman protocol was noted as the major cause of the reported inconsistency at very low Re. The inadequacy of Villermaux? ?Dushman protocol at low Re was verified via facile solvent extraction test. A more reliable technique should be used to assess the mixing performance of micromixers at very low Re and on-line UV measurement should be adopted for the Villermaux?Dushman experiment.

Power Demand and Mixing Performance of Helical Ribbon Coaxial Mixers with Newtonian Fluids

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Yuyun Bao ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Zhengming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Stirred Vessel ◽  
Rushton Turbine ◽  
Mixing Performance ◽  
Helical Ribbon ◽  
Coaxial Mixers ◽  
Power Curves

The power consumption and mixing performance of a coaxial mixer with different rotating speeds consisting of a helical ribbon (HR) agitator and four dispersion impellers (45° pitched blade impeller, Rushton turbine, 2-blade hydrofoil, and Pfaudler) in syrup solutions of different concentrations were evaluated in an elliptical dished-base cylindrical stirred vessel with a diameter of T=0.48 m and a filled aspect ratio H/T=1. The results show that stagnant zone is effectively eliminated and mixing time is significantly shortened with a coaxial mixer. The power consumption of HR is not affected by the inner dispersion impeller as greatly as the Anchor is, but the effect of the dispersion impeller increases with the increase of its diameter. On the other hand, the inner dispersion impeller is less affected by HR if the speed ratio RN between the high- and low-speed impellers increases. The power curves with different speed ratios fit well with each other when the modified definitions of generalized Reynolds number Re* and power number Np* are used considering the influence of the speed ratio. On the basis of the mixing time at a given power consumption, a Pfaudler-HR presents a better mixing performance than an Anchor as the outer agitator for a coaxial mixer.

scholarly journals Effect of Aspect Ratio on the Mixing Performance in the Kenics Static Mixer

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Xingren Jiang ◽  
Ning Yang ◽  
Rijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Continuous Manufacturing ◽  
Static Mixer ◽  
Mixing Performance

Continuous manufacturing has received increasing interest because of the advantages of intrinsic safety and enhanced mass transfer in the pharmaceutical industry. However, the difficulty for scale-up has limited the application of continuous manufacturing for a long time. Recently, the tubular flow reactor equipped with the Kenics static mixer appears to be a solution for the continuous process scale-up. Although many influence factors on the mixing performance in the Kenics static mixer have been investigated, little research has been carried out on the aspect ratio. In this study, we used the coefficient of variation as the mixing evaluation index to investigate the effect of the aspect ratio (0.2–2) on the Kenics static mixer’s mixing performance. The results indicate that a low aspect ratio helps obtain a shorter mixing time and mixer length. This study suggests that adjusting the aspect ratio of the Kenics static mixer can be a new strategy for the scale-up of a continuous process in the pharmaceutical industry.

Elasto-plastic and creep behaviour of axially loaded, shouldered tubes

1980 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
R J Dawson ◽  
H Fessler ◽  
T H Hyde ◽  
J J Webster
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Creep Behaviour ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Equivalent Strain ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Plastic Strain Increment ◽  
Axially Loaded ◽  
Initial Strains ◽  
Creep Strains

This paper compares the finite element predictions of elasto-plastic and creep behaviour with experimental data for axially loaded, shouldered tube models. Four shouldered tube models were made of a lead alloy and tested at 61°C, using strain gauges to measure the elasto-plastic and creep strains in the plain tube and fillet regions of the models. Instantaneous stress-strain and creep data were obtained from strain-gauged, uniaxial tensile specimens. The finite element solutions are based on the incremental Prandtl-Reuss equations. The elasto-plastic iterative solutions use a ‘negative gradient’ from the calculated point to the equivalent stress-equivalent strain curve to get the next estimate of the plastic strain increment. A time incremental method is used to obtain the creep solutions. Tests with the mean tube stress below, at and above the yield stress showed very good agreement between prediction and measurement of initial strains in the fillets. Differences between predictions and measurements of creep strains are attributable to cast-to-cast variations.

3D Dynamic Finite Element Simulation Analysis of Single Abrasive Grain during Profile Grinding with Axial Feed

2013 ◽  
Vol 680 ◽  
pp. 410-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ming Wang ◽  
Fu Yuan Tong ◽  
Xiao Xue Li
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Simulation ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Profile Grinding ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Finite Element ◽  
Abrasive Grain ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Force Increase

By simplifying the geometric shape of abrasive grain in a cone-shape, the authors conduct the 3D dynamic finite element simulation on profile grinding with axial feed by single abrasive grain using deform-3D software. Analysis is made on the influence upon the grinding forces in case of the same grinding speed, the same grinding depth and the same friction factor between wheel and workpiece at different axial feed. The results show that the normal force and the tangential force increase with the increase of axial feed, but the axial force decreases with the axial feed.

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