scholarly journals The Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Elevated Alanine Aminotransferase Levels in an Indigenous Population in Northern Taiwan: A Community-Based and Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yi-Fang Chen ◽  
Yen-An Lin ◽  
Wei-Chung Yeh ◽  
Yu-Chung Tsao ◽  
Wen-Cheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Liver Enzyme ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Northern Taiwan

Our study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the Northern Taiwanese indigenous population and to explore the relationship between MetS and liver enzyme, especially serum alanine transaminase (ALT). This is an observational and cross-sectional study that was conducted in remote villages of an indigenous community in Northern Taiwan between 2010 and 2015. MetS was defined based on the revised NCEP/ATPIII criteria from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration. A total of 454 participants were included in the analysis. There were 277 people with MetS and 177 people without. The prevalence of MetS was 61.01%. The average age was 49.50 years. People with MetS had a significantly higher liver enzyme (ALT) level than those without MetS. In addition, the study showed that participants with higher ALT had a tendency towards a higher prevalence of MetS (76.7% vs. 57.3%, p  = 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ALT levels >36 U/L for MetS was 2.79 (95% CI = 1.24–6.27, p  = 0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the ALT level was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.58–0.68, p  < 0.001), which showed that the ALT level was positively associated with MetS. The overall prevalence of MetS was 61.01% in the highland indigenous population in Northern Taiwan; this study indicated that higher serum ALT levels were associated with an increased risk of MetS.

scholarly journals Role of sleep and stress in metabolic syndrome: a community based cross sectional study in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3553
Author(s):  
Senkadhirdasan Dakshinamurthy ◽  
Vartika Saxena ◽  
Ranjeeta Kumari ◽  
Anissa Atif Mirza ◽  
Minakshi Dhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Sleep disturbances and stress may intervene with the physiological processes in human body and act as a modulator of metabolic homeostasis. The aim and objectives of the study were to estimate the person’s average sleep propensity; to estimate the stress level in the study subjects; and to determine the association of sleep and stress with metabolic syndrome.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in an urban area of Rishikesh. Sample size was calculated to be 478. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS Version 20.0. Chi-square test was used to examine the association between categorical variables. A p value of <0.05 was considered significant.Results: It was observed that different levels of stress did not have any significant association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) though the odds among individuals with moderate stress were 1.1 times (95% CI 0.6-2.2) higher than those with low stress. The overall sleepiness grading was not significantly associated with Metabolic Syndrome. However, people with mild excessive daytime sleepiness have 4.7 times (95% CI 1.2-18) higher odds of MetS as compared to those with low normal daytime sleepiness. Those with moderate excessive day sleepiness had 1.59 times (95% CI 0.3-8) higher odds of MetS, however it was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Mild excessive daytime sleepiness was associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome. People with perceived stress are having higher chance of getting MetS.

scholarly journals Konsep Diri dan Ketidakberdayaan Berhubungan dengan Risiko Bunuh Diri pada Remaja yang Mengalami Bullying

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Udi Wahyudi ◽  
Bram Burnamajaya
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Disorders ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Bullying merupakan perilaku negatif yang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang oleh seseorang atau sekelompok orang yang bersifat menyerang karena adanya ketidakseimbangan kekuatan antara pihak yang terlibat.Tindakan bullying dapat berdampak buruk bagi korban maupun pelakunya di masa depannya. Dampak tersebut meliputi kesepian, pencapaian akademik yang buruk, kesulitan penyesuaian (adaptasi), meningkatnya risiko penggunaan zat, keterlibatan dalam tindakan kriminal dan kerentanan gangguan mental emosional seperti cemas, insomnia, penyalahgunaan zat, depresi, mempunyai self-esteem rendah, kesulitan interpersonal, gangguan konsep diri, dan depresi (ketidakberdayaan). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsep diri dan ketidakberdayaan dengan risiko bunuh diri pada remaja yang mengalami bullying di SMA Negeri 7 Kota Bogor. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode cross-sectional study dengan bentuk pendekatan rancangan correlation study. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 183 orang didapat dari teknik randomsampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil uji hubungan dengan menggunakan Chi-Square antara konsep diri dengan ketidakberdayaan didapatkan nilai ρ (0,000) lebih kecil daripada nilai α (0,05), sedangkan uji hubungan antara konsep diri dengan risiko bunuh diri didapatkan nilai ρ (0,013) lebih kecil daripada nilai α (0,05). Dengan demikian bahwa ada hubungan antara konsep diri dan ketidakberdayaan dengan risiko bunuh diri pada remaja yang mengalami bullying di SMA Negeri 7 Kota Bogor. Kata kunci: bullying, konsep diri, ketidakberdayaan, risisko bunuh diri SELF-CONCEPT AND INEQUALITY CONNECTED WITH RISK OF SELF-SUFFICIENT IN ADOLESCENTS WHO HAVE BULLYING ABSTRACTBullying is a negative behavior that is carried out repeatedly by a person or group of people who are attacking because of an imbalance of power between the parties involved. Bullying actions can have a negative impact on victims and perpetrators in the future. These impacts include loneliness, poor academic achievement, adaptation difficulties, increased risk of substance use, involvement in criminal acts and susceptibility to mental emotional disorders such as anxiety, insomnia, substance abuse, depression, low self-esteem, interpersonal difficulties, disturbances self concept, and depression (helplessness). The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-concept and powerlessness with the risk of suicide in adolescents who experienced bullying in SMA Negeri 7 Kota Bogor. This research is a quantitative study using a cross-sectional study method with a correlation study design approach. The sample in this study amounted to 183 people obtained from random sampling techniques. The results showed that based on the results of the relationship test using Chi-Square between self-concept and powerlessness, the value of ρ (0,000) was smaller than the value of α (0.05), while the test of the relationship between self-concept and risk of suicide obtained a value of ρ (0.013 ) is smaller than the value of α (0.05). Thus that there is a relationship between self-concept and powerlessness with the risk of suicide in adolescents who experience bullying in SMA Negeri 7 Kota Bogor. Keywords: bullying, self-concept, helplessness, suicide risk

scholarly journals Relationship between obesity indices and hypertension among middle-aged and elderly populations in Taiwan: a community-based, cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e031660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-An Lin ◽  
Ying-Jen Chen ◽  
Yu-Chung Tsao ◽  
Wei-Chung Yeh ◽  
Wen-Cheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Populations ◽  
Obesity Indices ◽  
Northern Taiwan

ObjectiveObesity and hypertension (HTN) have become increasingly prevalent in Taiwan. People with obesity are more likely to have HTN. In this study, we evaluated several anthropometric measurements for the prediction of HTN in middle-aged and elderly populations in Taiwan.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingCommunity-based investigation in Guishan Township of northern Taiwan.ParticipantsA total of 396 people were recruited from a northern Taiwan community for a cross-sectional study. Anthropometrics and blood pressure were measured at the annual health exam. The obesity indices included body mass index (BMI), body fat (BF) percentage and waist circumference (WC).Outcome measuresStatistical analyses, including Pearson’s correlation, multiple logistic regression and the area under ROC curves (AUCs) between HTN and anthropometric measurements, were used in this study.ResultsOf the 396 people recruited, 200 had HTN. The age-adjusted Pearson’s coefficients of BMI, BF percentage and WC were 0.23 (p<0.001), 0.14 (p=0.01) and 0.26 (p<0.001), respectively. Multiple logistic regression of the HTN-related obesity indices showed that the ORs of BMI, BF percentage and WC were 1.15 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.23, p<0.001), 1.07 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.11, p<0.001) and 1.06 (95% CI 1.03 to 1.08, p<0.001), respectively. The AUCs of BMI, BF percentage and WC were 0.626 (95% CI 0.572 to 0.681, p<0.001), 0.556 (95% CI 0.500 to 0.613, p=0.052) and 0.640 (95% CI 0.586 to 0.694, p<0.001), respectively.ConclusionsWC is a more reliable predictor of HTN than BMI or BF percentage. The effect of abdominal fat distribution on blood pressure is greater than that of total BF amount.

scholarly journals Beliefs Toward Smoking and COVID-19, and The Pandemic Impact on Smoking Behavior and Quit Intention: Findings from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala'a B. Al-Tammemi ◽  
Muna Barakat ◽  
Doa’a B. Al-Tamimi ◽  
Sami A. Alhallaq ◽  
Dima M. Al Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The relationship between smoking and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) is still topical with mixed epidemiological evidence. However, the pandemic may affect people’s beliefs towards smoking as well as smoking behavior and quit intentions. Considering high smoking rates in Jordan, our current study aimed to assess (i) the beliefs that surround smoking and COVID-19, (ii) the pandemic impact on smoking behavior and quit intention. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jordan utilizing an online questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised 13 items on sociodemographic, health, and smoking profiles, 14 items to assess beliefs surrounding COVID-19 and the use of combustible cigarettes (CC), waterpipe (WP), and electronic cigarettes (EC), and 12 items to assess the pandemic impact on smoking behavior and quit intention. Results Of 2424 survey respondents who participated in our study there were 1163 never-smokers, 1044 current smokers, and 217 ex-smokers. The mean age of participants was 35.2 years (SD:11.06). Most participants have shown anti-smoking beliefs with around 72.9% believed that WP smoking is related to the risk of contracting COVID-19. Also, 71.7% believed that smoking CC may worsen the COVID-19 clinical course, while 74.1% of respondents believed that smoking has no protective effect against COVID-19. During the pandemic, about 28.1% and 19.3% of current smokers reported increased or reduced smoking, respectively, and many smokers reported their willingness to quit smoking due to the pandemic. Conclusion Most participants reported anti-smoking beliefs and attitudes during the pandemic. Nevertheless, the double-edged effect of the pandemic on smoking habits should be carefully considered, and reliable anti-smoking measures should be strengthened and sustained in the country.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in the Association between Sleep Duration and Cardiometabolic Risk: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Matsuo ◽  
Shigemasa Tani ◽  
Naoya Matsumoto ◽  
Yasuo Okumura
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Inappropriate sleep duration (shorter/longer than optimal sleep duration) has come to be identified as a potential cardiometabolic risk factor, and thereby, as a risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Few data exist regarding the gender differences in the relationship between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a study population of 9262 apparently healthy (5004 male, 4258 female) subjects at the Health Planning Center of Nihon University Hospital between September, 2015, and October 2016.Results: In the male subjects, as compared to a sleep duration of 6 to 7 hours, a sleep duration of ³8 hours was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for abdominal obesity (defined according to the Japanese criteria for metabolic syndrome as a waist circumference of ³85 cm) of 1.31 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.004-1.71) and for a non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level of ³150 mg/dL (defined as “Borderline hyper” by the Japan Atherosclerosis Society Guidelines for Prevention of ASCVD 2017) of 1.33 (1.05-1.68), and a sleep duration of <5 hours was associated with an OR (95% CI) for a fasting blood glucose of ³100 mg/dL (defined as “high” by a specialized lifestyle checkup program for the detection of symptoms of metabolic syndrome in Japan) of 1.74 (1.25-2.42). On the other hand, in the female subjects, as compared to a sleep duration of 6 to 7 hours, a sleep duration of <5 hours was associated with an OR (95% CI) for abdominal obesity (waist circumference ³90 cm) of 1.98 (1.11-3.55) and for a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level of ³5.6 % of 1.52 (1.10-2.10), whereas a sleep duration of ³8 hours was not associated with worsening of any of the examined cardiometabolic risk factors. Conclusions: There may be gender differences in the relationship between sleep duration and cardiometabolic risk. To further reduce the risk of ASCVD, it may be of particular importance to emphasize adequate sleep duration.Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN (http://www.umin.ac.jp/) Study ID:　 UMIN000037643 retrospectively registered on 9 August 2019

scholarly journals The association between metabolic syndrome and elevated serum alanine transaminase levels in an indigenous population in Northern Taiwan: a community-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Fang Chen ◽  
Yen-An Lin ◽  
Wei-Chung Yeh ◽  
Yu-Chung Tsao ◽  
Wen-Cheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Northern Taiwan

Abstract Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a prevalent health condition in Taiwan, places individuals at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and stroke. Therefore, the identification of risk factors associated with MetS is crucial. Nevertheless, only limited studies about MetS have been conducted among indigenous peoples in Taiwan; these studies identified a high prevalence of MetS among an indigenous population, which encouraged us to investigate further. Thus, our study aims to determine the prevalence of MetS among the indigenous Taiwanese population and to explore the relationship between MetS and associated risk factors, especially serum alanine transaminase (ALT). Methods: This is an observational, population-based, cross-sectional study that was conducted in remote villages of an indigenous community in northern Taiwan between 2010 and 2015. A total of 454 participants, 47.36% male and 52.64% female, were eligible for analysis. The participants underwent anthropometric assessment and measurements of blood pressure, serum triglyceride levels, fasting plasma glucose levels, serum HDL-C levels and serum ALT levels. MetS was defined based on the revised NCEP/ATPIII criteria from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration. Results: A total of 454 participants were included in the analysis. There were 277 people with MetS and 177 people without. The prevalence of MetS was 61.01%. The average age was 49.50 years old. People with MetS had a significantly higher ALT level (average 31.21±25.00 U/L vs. 23.29±15.98 U/L, p<0.001) than those without MetS. In addition, the chi-square comparison showed that participants with abnormal ALT levels (>36 U/L) had a tendency towards a higher prevalence of MetS (76.7% vs. 57.3%, p=0.001) than those with normal ALT levels (≤36 U/L). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of abnormal ALT levels for MetS was 2.58 (95% CI=1.23-5.44, p=0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the ALT level was 0.63 (95% CI=0.58-0.68, p<0.001), which showed that the ALT level was positively associated with MetS. Conclusions: The overall prevalence of MetS was 61.01% in the highland indigenous population in Taiwan, which suggests an unignorable health problem that should actively be addressed. Furthermore, these findings indicated that higher serum ALT levels (>36 U/L) were associated with an increased risk of MetS.

scholarly journals Mild behavioral impairment is related to frailty in non-dementia older adults: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoyi Fan ◽  
Ximin Liang ◽  
Tianchan Yun ◽  
Zhong Pei ◽  
Bin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Behavioral Impairment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Frailty and cognitive decline are highly prevalent among older adults. However, the relationship between frailty and mild behavioral impairment (MBI), a dementia risk syndrome characterized by later-life emergence of persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms, has yet to be elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the associations between MBI and frailty in older adults without dementia. Methods In this cross-sectional study, a consecutive series of 137 older adults without dementia in the Anti-Aging Study, recruited from primary care clinics, were enrolled. Frailty was estimated using the Fried phenotype. MBI was evaluated by the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist (MBI-C) at a cut-off point of > 8. Cognition was assessed with the Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BC) and Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between MBI and objective cognition with frailty status. Results At baseline, 30.7% of the older adults had frailty and 18.2% had MBI (MBI+ status). Multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that compared to those without MBI (MBI- status), MBI+ was more likely to have frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 7.44, 95% CI = 1.49–37.21, p = 0.02). Frailty and MBI were both significantly associated with both MMSE and MoCA-BC score (p < 0.05). Conclusions Both frailty and MBI status were associated with higher odds of cognitive impairment. MBI was significantly associated with an increased risk of having frailty in the absence of dementia. This association merits further study to identify potential strategies for the early detection, prevention and therapeutic intervention of frailty.

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