scholarly journals Effects of Exercise on Blood Glucose and Glycemic Variability in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Dawn Phenomenon

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zheng ◽  
Yanyan Qi ◽  
Lina Bi ◽  
Wenli Shi ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Excursion ◽  
Dawn Phenomenon ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background. The dawn phenomenon (DP) is the primary cause of difficulty in blood glucose management in type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients, and the use of oral hypoglycemic agents has shown weak efficacy in controlling DP. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise before breakfast on the blood glucose level and glycemic variability in T2D patients with DP. Methods. A total of 20 T2D patients with DP confirmed via continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) participated in the current study. After collecting baseline measurements by CGM as a control, CGM was reinstalled and 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise was performed prior to breakfast. Dawn blood glucose increase, blood glucose levels, and glycemic variability were measured before and after exercise. Results. Dawn blood glucose increase (ΔGlu, 1.25±0.84vs.2.15±1.07, P=0.005), highest blood glucose value before breakfast (Gmax, 8.01±1.16vs. 8.78±1.09, P=0.005), and mean blood glucose (MBG, 7.80±0.97vs. 8.37±0.95, P=0.001) were all lower, and time in range (TIR, 90.75±12.27vs. 83.5±15.41, P=0.015) was higher after exercise than before exercise. Among the glycemic variability indicators, blood glucose standard deviation (SD, 1.1±0.5vs. 1.48±0.63, P=0.001), coefficient of variation (CV, 14.14±5.94vs.17.69±7.46, P=0.006), mean amplitude of glucose excursion (MAGE, 2.71±1.52vs.3.73±1.98, P=0.006), and largest amplitude of glucose excursion (LAGE, 4.97±2.07vs.6.41±2.36, P=0.002) were all decreased following exercise. Conclusions. Acute moderate-intensity aerobic exercise before breakfast reduced the morning rise of blood glucose in T2D patients, partially counteracting DP. Furthermore, exercise significantly reduced blood glucose fluctuations and improved blood glucose control throughout the day. We recommend that T2D patients with DP take moderate-intensity aerobic exercise before breakfast to improve DP and glycemic control.

Vitamin D3 supplementation improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients: Results from an Italian clinical trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Derosa ◽  
Angela D’Angelo ◽  
Chiara Martinotti ◽  
Maria Chiara Valentino ◽  
Sergio Di Matteo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Metabolic Control ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract. Background: to evaluate the effects of Vitamin D3 on glyco-metabolic control in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency. Methods: one hundred and seventeen patients were randomized to placebo and 122 patients to Vitamin D3. We evaluated anthropometric parameters, glyco-metabolic control, and parathormone (PTH) value at baseline, after 3, and 6 months. Results: a significant reduction of fasting, and post-prandial glucose was recorded in Vitamin D3 group after 6 months. A significant HbA1c decrease was observed in Vitamin D3 (from 7.6% or 60 mmol/mol to 7.1% or 54 mmol) at 6 months compared to baseline, and to placebo (p < 0.05 for both). At the end of the study period, we noticed a change in the amount in doses of oral or subcutaneous hypoglycemic agents and insulin, respectively. The use of metformin, acarbose, and pioglitazone was significantly lower (p = 0.037, p = 0.048, and p = 0.042, respectively) than at the beginning of the study in the Vitamin D3 therapy group. The units of Lispro, Aspart, and Glargine insulin were lower in the Vitamin D3 group at the end of the study (p = 0.031, p = 0.037, and p = 0.035, respectively) than in the placebo group. Conclusions: in type 2 diabetic patients with Vitamin D deficiency, the restoration of value in the Vitamin D standard has led not only to an improvement in the glyco-metabolic compensation, but also to a reduced posology of some oral hypoglycemic agents and some types of insulin used.

Impact of Prandial Plus Basal vs Basal Insulin on Glycemic Variability in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irl Hirsch ◽  
Hongbo Yuan ◽  
Barbara Campaigne ◽  
Meng Tan
Keyword(s):  
Basal Insulin ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Study on the prevalence of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 786
Author(s):  
Eda Dayakar ◽  
C. Sathya Sree ◽  
E. Sanjay
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem globally. Dyslipidaemia is a major risk factor to develop cardiovascular disease in diabetics. They present study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: The present study was a cross sectional study consisting of 46 (23 male and 23 female) known type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Age, gender, duration of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) was recorder in all the diabetic patients.  Fasting blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL levels were measured using standard methods and recorded.Results: The average total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, HDL and VLDL were 200±42mg/dl, 169.62±89.79mg/dl, 132.45±36.38mg/dl,39.1±16.6mg/dl and 35.85±17.09mg/dl respectively. The incidence of occurrence of hypercholesterolemia was 58.6% and hypertriglyceridemia 36.9%. Increased levels of LDL were observed in 30 (65.2%) patients and reduced HDL was observed in 43 (93.4%) patients. The incidence rate of dyslipidaemia was higher in female diabetic patients when compared to male diabetic patients.Conclusions: Awareness on the dyslipidaemia and its risk factors should be provided to the type 2 diabetic patients as they are more prone to get cardiovascular disease and lipid profile also should be monitored regularly along with blood glucose levels.

scholarly journals Hospital outcomes and cumulative burden from complications in type 2 diabetic sepsis patients: a cohort study using administrative and hospital-based databases

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204201881987540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Shun Hsieh ◽  
Sung-Yuan Hu ◽  
Chorng-Kuang How ◽  
Chen-June Seak ◽  
Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hospital Outcomes ◽  
Initial Blood ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: The association between type 2 diabetes and hospital outcomes of sepsis remains controversial when severity of diabetes is not taken into consideration. We examined this association using nationwide and hospital-based databases. Methods: The first part of this study was mainly conducted using a nationwide database, which included 1.6 million type 2 diabetic patients. The diabetic complication burden was evaluated using the adapted Diabetes Complications Severity Index score (aDCSI score). In the second part, we used laboratory data from a distinct hospital-based database to make comparisons using regression analyses. Results: The nationwide study included 19,719 type 2 diabetic sepsis patients and an equal number of nondiabetic sepsis patients. The diabetic sepsis patients had an increased odds ratio (OR) of 1.14 (95% confidence interval 1.1–1.19) for hospital mortality. The OR for mortality increased as the complication burden increased [aDCSI scores of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and ⩾5 with ORs of 0.91, 0.87, 1.14, 1.25, 1.56, and 1.77 for mortality, respectively (all p < 0.001)]. The hospital-based database included 1054 diabetic sepsis patients. Initial blood glucose levels did not differ significantly between the surviving and deceased diabetic sepsis patients: 273.9 ± 180.3 versus 266.1 ± 200.2 mg/dl ( p = 0.095). Moreover, the surviving diabetic sepsis patients did not have lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; %) values than the deceased patients: 8.4 ± 2.6 versus 8.0 ± 2.5 ( p = 0.078). Conclusions: For type 2 diabetic sepsis patients, the diabetes-related complication burden was the major determinant of hospital mortality rather than diabetes per se, HbA1c level, or initial blood glucose level.

scholarly journals Evaluation of HbA1c Level and Other Risk Factors in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Study of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Attending in a Tertiary Level Hospital

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 614-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayama Hoque ◽  
MA Muttalib ◽  
Md Imtiajul Islam ◽  
Parvin Akter Khanam ◽  
Subhagata Choudhury
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Retinopathy is the leading cause of blindness in persons with diabetes. Strict monitoring and maintenance of normal blood glucose specially HbA1c and prevention of different risk factors can prevent and delay the diabetic retinopathy. The purpose of the study was to explore the factors influencing or related to the development of the diabetic retinopathy with spcial concern to the HbA1c levels.Materials and Methods: We studied 400 type 2 diabetic patients in this cross-sectional study which was conducted in the out-patient department of BIRDEM hospital, Bangladesh. The randomly selected patients were evaluated for the presence of retinopathy through the review of their registered diabetic guide book. We included sociodemographic information, blood pressure, anthropometry (height, weight, BMI) and lipid profile of the patients. Glycaemic status was assessed by HbA1c (HbA1c was categorized into 3 groups) and plasma glucose levels. We used Student's t-test, Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis to determine and quantify the association of diabetic retinopathy with various risk factors specially HbA1c.Results: 400 type 2 diabetic patients (male 166 and female 234) were studied. The prevalence of retinopathy was 12.3%; male 12.7%, female 12.0%. Increasing HbA1c categories above 7.0% were significantly associated with increased prevalence of retinopathy (4.2 vs 12.3 vs 18.1%;c2 = 12.529, p < .01). Logistic regression models of univariate analysis showed that the risk of retinopathy at HbA1c categories >7.0% was (OR = 3.22; 95% CI: 1.12-9.25) and the risk was strongly increased at the HbA1c categories 8% (OR = 5.07; 95% CI: 1.90-13.50). Advanced age (OR = 2.92; 95% CI: 1.44-5.91), longer duration of diabetes (OR = 3.08; 95% CI: 1.49-6.37), presence of hypertension (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.14-5.16), FBG (OR = 1.139; 95% CI: 1.036-1.251), blood glucose 2 hours ABF (OR = 1.124; 95% CI: 1.046-1.207) and SBP (OR = 1.033; 95% CI: 1.011-1.056) had significant association with retinopathy.Conclusions: HbA1c categories >7.0% is an important risk factor for the development of retinopathy. Poor glycaemic control, advanced age, longer duration of diabetes, hypertension are other significant risk factors of diabetic retinopathy.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 614-619

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