scholarly journals Determinants of Neural Tube Defects among Newborns in Amhara Region, Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Abay Woday Tadesse ◽  
Ayesheshim Muluneh Kassa ◽  
Setognal Birara Aychiluhm
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Amhara Region ◽  
Control Study

Background. Worldwide, an estimated 300,000 neonates are born with neural tube defects (NTDs) each year. However, NTDs are underreported in Ethiopia though it causes substantial mortality, morbidity, disability, and psychological and economic cost in the country. Moreover, the factors attributed to NTDs were not addressed. Hence, this study intended to identify the determinants of neural tube defects in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Methods. A case-control study design was conducted among 400 newborns (133 cases and 267 controls) who were born at randomly selected public hospitals. Cases were identified using the physician diagnosis of confirmed NTDs, and the two consecutive controls were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data analysis was done using Stata 14.0. Variables with p value < 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariable logistic regression model, and a corresponding 95% confidence interval was used to identify the predictors of NTDs. Results. In this study, fifty percent (48%) of the cases were contributed by anencephaly. After controlling the covariates, living in rural areas ( AOR = 1.78 : 95% CI 1.02, 3.11), being illiterate ( AOR = 1.81 : 95% CI 1.07, 4.61), being female newborn ( AOR = 1.95 : 95% CI 1.09, 3.50), having no ANC follow-up ( AOR = 1.93 : 95% CI 1.17, 5.04), and having a previous history of NTDs ( AOR = 4.39 : 95% CI 2.42, 7.96) were the risk factors for NTDs. However, being supplemented with folic acid or multivitamins before or during pregnancy ( AOR = 0.37 : 95% CI 0.21, 0.65), never having taken any substance during pregnancy ( AOR = 0.42 : 95% CI 0.21, 0.88), and being free from medical illnesses during pregnancy ( AOR = 0.27 : 95% CI 0.11, 0.69) were the protective factors of NTDs. Conclusion. The study revealed different factors associated with NTDs among newborns in the region. Therefore, comprehensive preventive strategies focused on identified risk factors are needed at regional and national levels.

scholarly journals Risk Factors for Difficult Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation. The PIVV2 Multicentre Case-Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Rodriguez-Calero ◽  
Joan Ernest de Pedro-Gomez ◽  
Luis Javier Molero-Ballester ◽  
Ismael Fernandez-Fernandez ◽  
Catalina Matamalas-Massanet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Vascular Access ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Control Study

Background. Difficult peripheral intravenous cannulation (DPIVC) is associated with serious complications related to vascular access. These complications might be avoided if the risk factors were identified previously, enabling the detection of potentially difficult situations at an early stage. The aim of this study is to consider these risk factors, to determine the influence of the hospital setting, to examine the association between DPIVC and the different techniques of catheter insertion and to analyse the importance of the clinician’s experience in this context. Methods. Case-control study following a previously published protocol, conducted in 48 units of eight public hospitals in Spain. Adult patients requiring a peripheral intravenous cannula were prospectively included in the study population during their hospital stay. Over a period of 11 months, for consecutive eligible patients, nurses in each participating unit recorded data on their assessment of the vascular access performed and the technique used. Variables related to these medical personnel were also recorded. One of the researchers reviewed the patients’ clinical history to compile the relevant health variables and to characterise the healthcare process. The statistical analysis included association tests among the main study variables. The risk factors were analysed using bivariate logistic regression. The variables found to be statistically significant were included in a multivariate logistic regression model incorporating each of the healthcare environments identified. Results. The study population was composed of 2662 patients, of whom 221 (8.3%) presented with DPIVC. A previous history of difficulty, the presence of non-palpable veins, acute upper limb alterations and punctures in the ante-cubital fossa were found to be independent risk factors for DPIVC. Differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of DPIVC and in some risk factors, according to the healthcare context. The variables related to the characteristics of the hospital personnel did not influence the study event. Conclusion: The present study identifies four independent risk factors for DPIVC that can be incorporated into algorithms aimed at preventing its occurrence and facilitating the referral of patients to vascular access specialist teams.

A population-based case-control study of risk factors for neural tube defects in Shenyang, China

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Yin ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Changying Xu ◽  
Shiqi Zhang ◽  
Yajun Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Risk factors associated to neural tube defects among mothers who gave birth in North Shoa Zone Hospitals, Amhara Region, Ethiopia 2020: Case control study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250719
Author(s):  
Aynalem Gashaw ◽  
Sisay Shine ◽  
Osman Yimer ◽  
Melat Wodaje
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Introduction Neural tube defects affect the brain and the spinal cord of the developing embryo. The defects occur due to incomplete or failure of closure of the neural tube. The condition eventually causes death and lifelong disability. Worldwide, more than 300,000 babies are born with neural tube defects each year. The highest burden is in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this study aims to identify the risk factors associated with neural tube defects among mothers who gave birth in North Shoa Zone Hospitals. Methods A hospital based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 243 (81 cases and 162 controls) study participants in North Shoa Zone Hospitals. The hospitals were selected using simple random sampling and all cases and randomly selected controls in the selected hospitals were included in the study. The data were collected by using pre-tested structured questionnaire. Results Different factors were identified to have association with neural tube defect. Family annual cash income less than 24000ETB (AOR: 3.73, 95%CI: 1.35, 10.26), history of still birth (AOR: 3.63, 95%CI: 1.03, 12.2), history of abortion (AOR: 6.15, 95%CI: 2.63, 18.56), preconception tea use (AOR: 2.36, 95%CI: 1.15, 4.86) and pesticides/chemical exposure (AOR: 5.34, 95%CI: 1.77, 16.05) were positively associated factors. In contrast, preconception care (AOR: 0.14, 95%CI: 0.05, 0.39) and taking iron/folic acid/multivitamin during the current pregnancy (AOR: 0.16, 95%CI: 0.07, 0.33) showed a protective effect. Conclusion Family annual income less than 24000ETB, history of still birth, history of abortion, preconception tea uses and pesticides/chemical exposure were associated factors of neural tube defects. Preconception counseling and screening should be recommended for women who plan for pregnancy.

scholarly journals Association of neural tube defects in children of mothers with MTHFR 677TT genotype and abnormal carbohydrate metabolism risk: a case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 2200-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.M. Cadenas-Benitez ◽  
F. Yanes-Sosa ◽  
A. Gonzalez-Meneses ◽  
L. Cerrillos ◽  
D. Acosta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defects ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study
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