scholarly journals Waste Foundry Sand as Permeable and Low Permeable Barrier for Restriction of the Propagation of Lead and Nickel Ions in Groundwater

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ayad A. H. Faisal ◽  
Zaid Abed Al-Ridah ◽  
Laith A. Naji ◽  
Mu. Naushad ◽  
Hamed A. El-Serehy
Keyword(s):  
Permeable Reactive Barrier ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Permeability Barrier ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
The Fourier Transform

This work aims to investigate the ability of using waste foundry sand (WFS) resulting as inexpensive by-product from steel industry in the low permeability barrier (LPB) and permeable reactive barrier (PRB) technologies for restriction of the movement of lead and nickel ions in the groundwater. Outputs of flask and tank tests certified that this material could capture these ions with sorption efficiency greater than 95% at time, pH, sorbent dosage, and speed equal to 60 min, 4 for lead and 6 for nickel, 2.5 g/100 mL, and 250 rpm, respectively. Sorption isotherm measurements were represented in a good manner by Langmuir model in comparison with Freundlich model with coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.99. So, the chemisorption was the predominant mechanism which could be supported by O-H, H-O-H, C-O, O-Si-O, and Si-O functional groups based on the Fourier transform infrared analysis. The maximum sorption capacity of WFS was 13.966 and 4.227 mg/g for lead and nickel ions, respectively, with corresponding affinities equal to 0.647 and 0.099 L/mg. Measurements signified that the hydraulic conductivity of WFS was 3.8 × 10−7 cm/s which satisfies the requirements of LPB. To obtain the acceptable values of permeability and reactivity, PRB was prepared from mixing 18% WFS with 82% filter sand. COMSOL software was able to simulate the measurements of two-dimensional tank packed with Iraqi soil aquifer in combination with WFS-LPB and WFS-filter sand PRB. Thicker barriers have a high ability in the protection of locations in the down-gradient side because their longevity increased dramatically with increase of barrier thickness.

scholarly journals Development of Bi-Langmuir model on the sorption of cadmium onto waste foundry sand: Effects of initial pH and temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noora Saad ◽  
Ziad T. Abd Ali ◽  
Laith A. Naji ◽  
Ayad A.A.H. Faisal ◽  
Nadhir Al-Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Affinity Constant ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Squared Error ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

The present study develops the sorption model for simulating the effects of pH and temperature on the uptake of cadmium from contaminated water using waste foundry sand (WFS) by allowing the variation of the maximum adsorption capacity and affinity constant. The presence of two acidic functional groups with the same or different affinity is the basis in the derivation of the two models; Model 1 and Model 2 respectively. The developed Bi-Langmuir model with different affinity (Model 2) has a remarkable ability in the description of process under consideration with coefficient of determination > 0.9838 and sum of squared error < 0.08514. This result is proved by FTIR test where the weak acids responsible of cadmium ions removal using WFS sorbent can be represented by surface silanol (O-H) functional groups.

scholarly journals Zinc-Containing Effluent Treatment Using Shewanella xiamenensis Biofilm Formed on Zeolite

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1760
Author(s):  
Inga Zinicovscaia ◽  
Nikita Yushin ◽  
Dmitrii Grozdov ◽  
Daler Abdusamadzoda ◽  
Alexey Safonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Removal ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
Effluent Treatment ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Removal Of Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Range

The sorption properties of Shewanella xiamenensis biofilm formed on zeolite (mineral-organic sorbent) as a sorbent have been investigated aiming to determine its suitability for complex zinc-containing effluent treatment. The optimum conditions for metal sorption from synthetic solutions were evaluated by changing the pH, zinc concentration, temperature, and time of sorption. The highest removal of metal ions was attained at pH range 3.0–6.0 within 60–150 min of sorbent-sorbate contact. The results obtained from the equilibrium studies were described using the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin models. Maximum sorption capacity of the sorbent calculated from the Langmuir model changed from 3.4 to 6.5 mg/g. High coefficient of determination values calculated for pseudo-second-order and Elovich models indicate the predominant role of chemisorption in metal removal. Gibbs energy and ∆H° values point at the spontaneous and endothermic character of the sorption. The effect of pH and biosorbent mass on Zn(II) sorption from industrial effluent with an initial Zn(II) concentration of 52.8 mg/L was tested. Maximum removal of zinc ions (85%) was achieved at pH 6.0 by applying a two-step treatment system.

scholarly journals Enhanced Removal of Lead by Chemically and Biologically Treated Carbonaceous Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E. Mahmoud ◽  
Maher M. Osman ◽  
Somia B. Ahmed ◽  
Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah
Keyword(s):  
Active Carbon ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Carbonaceous Materials ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Microscope Imaging ◽  
Carbonaceous Sorbents ◽  
Sorption Mechanisms

Hybrid sorbents and biosorbents were synthesized via chemical and biological treatment of active carbon by simple and direct redox reaction followed by surface loading of baker’s yeast. Surface functionality and morphology of chemically and biologically modified sorbents and biosorbents were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis and scanning electron microscope imaging. Hybrid carbonaceous sorbents and biosorbents were characterized by excellent efficiency and superiority toward lead(II) sorption compared to blank active carbon providing a maximum sorption capacity of lead(II) ion as 500 μmol g−1. Sorption processes of lead(II) by these hybrid materials were investigated under the influence of several controlling parameters such as pH, contact time, mass of sorbent and biosorbent, lead(II) concentration, and foreign ions. Lead(II) sorption mechanisms were found to obey the Langmuir and BET isotherm models. The potential applications of chemically and biologically modified-active carbonaceous materials for removal and extraction of lead from real water matrices were also studied via a double-stage microcolumn technique. The results of this study were found to denote to superior recovery values of lead (95.0–99.0±3.0–5.0%) by various carbonaceous-modified-bakers yeast biosorbents.

scholarly journals Application of Zeolite Nanofiltration for Removal of Heavy Metals from Urban Wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Azwan Morni
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Maximum Sorption

In this study, the adsorption and the filtration processes were coupled by a zeolite nanoparticle impregnated polysulfone (PSf) membrane which was used to remove the lead and the nickel cations from synthetically prepared solutions. The results obtained from X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis indicated that the synthesized zeolite nanoparticles, using the conventional hydrothermal method, produced a pure NaX with ultrafine and uniform particles. The performance of the hybrid membrane was determined under dynamic conditions. The results also revealed that the sorption capacity, as well as the water hydraulic permeability of the membranes, could both be improved by simply tuning the membrane fabricating conditions such as evaporation period of the casting film and NaX loading. The maximum sorption capacity of the hybrid membrane for the lead and nickel ions was measured as 682 and 122 mg/g respectively at the end of 60 min of filtration, under 1 bar of transmembrane pressure. The coupling process suggested that membrane architecture could be efficiently used for treating metal solutions with low concentrations and transmembrane pressures.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE ADSORPTION PROPERTIES OF PLANT CELLULOSE WITH RESPECT TO NICKEL IONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 307-314
Author(s):  
Tat'yana Andreyevna Kuznetsova ◽  
Nikolay Aleksandrovich Pestov ◽  
Viktor Vasil'yevich Revin
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Nickel Compounds ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Degree Of Recovery

In this paper, we studied the sorption properties of cellulose isolated from sugar beet pulp in relation to Ni2+. Plant cellulose from sugar beet pulp was isolated by successive acid and alkaline extraction, the effectiveness of which was evaluated by infrared spectroscopy. The sorption test showed that cellulose extracted from sugar beet pulp sorbed the main amount of Ni2+ within 1 hour. The maximum sorption capacity of cellulose from beet pulp pulp was 5.01 mmol Nh2+ per 1 kg of dry cellulose from pulp beet pulp. The amount of sorbed Ni2+ depended on the initial Ni2+ concentration in the solution. The most effective recovery of Ni2+ occurred from solutions with a Ni2+ concentration no more than 23.17 μmol/l, allowing to achieve a degree of recovery of this heavy metal of 67.9%. An increase in the initial concentration of Ni2+ in the solution resulted in a reduction in the degree of recovery of this element to 18.6%, which indicates the feasibility of using cellulose from sugar beet pulp for purification of water contaminated with nickel compounds in low concentrations. Comparison of the efficiency of Ni2+ sorption at different pH values showed that this process is pH dependent and the amount of sorbed Ni2+ and the degree of recovery of Ni2+ by cellulose from sugar beet pulp increased with increasing of pH values from 3.0 to 7.0.

scholarly journals Nickel Recovery from Aqueous Solution Using Crab Shell Particles

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuppusamy Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Joseph Raj Jegan ◽  
Kandasamy Palanivelu ◽  
Manickam Velan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Crab Shell ◽  
Nickel Ion ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Nickel Ions ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Ion Removal ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Shell Particles

The potential use of crab shell as a sorbent for the removal of nickel(II) ions from aqueous solution was investigated. The binding of nickel ions by crab shell was found to be affected significantly by pH, with the maximum sorption capacity being observed at pH 4.5. The sorption isotherm was well represented using the Freundlich model. Nickel(II) ion removal by crab shell was mainly influenced by the removal of calcium carbonate, proteins and chitin, indicating the importance of these components in nickel ion binding. Co-ions such as Cu2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Zn2+ and Mg2+ affected the Ni(II) ion removal efficiency of crab shell. The biosorbed Ni(II) ions were effectively eluted by various mineral acids, EDTA solutions and NH4OH. Of these, the sodium salt of EDTA (0.01 M) in NH4OH appeared to be the best eluant, being capable of desorbing more than 99% of the sequestered Ni(II) ions with insignificant damage to the shell particles. The biosorbent could be regenerated and re-used in five sorption—elution cycles.

Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Safonov ◽  
N. Andriushchenko ◽  
N. Popova ◽  
K. Boldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

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