scholarly journals Follicular Bronchiolitis: Two Cases with Varying Clinical and Radiological Presentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Delyse Garg ◽  
Mohit Mody ◽  
Chaitanya Pal ◽  
Pratik Patel ◽  
Christina Migliore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Reactive Airway Disease ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Airway Diseases ◽  
Follicular Bronchiolitis ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cystic Changes

Follicular bronchiolitis (FB) is a rare bronchiolar disorder associated with hyperplasia of the bronchial-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT). It is characterized by the development of lymphoid follicles with germinal centers in the walls of small airways. It falls under the category of lymphoproliferative pulmonary diseases (LPDs) and commonly occurs in relation to connective tissue disease, immunodeficiency, infections, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and inflammatory airway diseases. Computerized tomography (CT) findings include centrilobular nodules with patchy ground glass infiltrate, tree-in-bud findings, and air trapping. It can very rarely present as diffuse cystic lung disease. We present two cases of FB. The first case is associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and asthma with diffuse cystic changes on the CT. The second case is associated with reactive airway disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with the classic centrilobular nodules and ground glass opacities on the CT.

scholarly journals Lung Manifestation of Collagen Vascular Disease in HRCT

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Jagruti Kalola ◽  
Anjana Trivedi ◽  
Hiral Happani ◽  
Mohit Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Interstitial Fibrosis ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Connective Tissue Disorders ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Disease Pattern

Background: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the thoracic manifestations associated with the Connective tissue disorders, with an emphasis on interstitial and airway disease pattern on the High Resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings. Subjects and Methods: The present study was conducted for a period of one year. A total of 50 patients with various connective tissue disorders having respiratory complaints were evaluated. Results:  During the study period 50 patients (80%females and 20%males) underwent evaluation. Cough and dyspnea were  the most common presenting symptoms. Variety of thoracic abnormalities weredetected in 67 (95%) cases. Most common abnormality detected on HRCT was interstitial fibrosis/interstitial lung disease present in (60%) cases. Most common parenchymal abnormalities seen were reticulations (61.4%), ground glass opacification (40%), mosaic attenuation (32.8%) and honeycombing (24.3%). Airway abnormalities seen were bronchiectasis (48.5%), emphysema (12.8%), and ground glass nodules (2.8%). Conclusion: Interstitial lung disease is the most common pulmonary manifestation among patients with connective tissue disorders, and early detection and prompt treatment is expected to improve the outcome.

scholarly journals Ultra-rare cystic disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (157) ◽  
pp. 190163
Author(s):  
Davide Elia ◽  
Olga Torre ◽  
Roberto Cassandro ◽  
Antonella Caminati ◽  
Sergio Harari
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteases ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Light Chain Deposition Disease ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Scan Pattern

Diffuse cystic lung diseases include a group of heterogeneous disorders characterised by the presence of cysts within the lung parenchyma, sometimes showing a characteristic computed tomography scan pattern that allows diagnosis. The pathogenetic mechanisms underlying cyst formation in the lung are still not clear and a number of hypotheses have been postulated according to the different aetiologies: ball-valve effect, ischaemic dilatation of small airways and alveoli related to infiltration and obstruction of small vessels and capillaries that supply the terminal bronchioles and connective tissue degradation by matrix metalloproteases. A wide number of lung cyst diseases have been classified into six diagnostic groups according to the aetiology: neoplastic, congenital/genetic, lymphoproliferative, infective, associated with interstitial lung diseases, and other causes. This article focuses on lymphangioleiomyomatosis, pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Erdheim–Chester disease, Birt–Hogg–Dubé, follicular bronchiolitis and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia, light-chain deposition disease and amyloidosis, congenital lung disease associated with aberrant lung development and growth, and cystic lung disease associated with neoplastic lesion. These cystic diseases are epidemiologically considered as ultra-rare conditions as they affect fewer than one individual per 50 000 or fewer than 20 individuals per million. Despite the rarity of this group of disorders, the increasing use of high-resolution computed tomography has improved the diagnostic yield, even in asymptomatic patients allowing prompt and correct therapy and management without the need for a biopsy.

Diffuse Cystic Lung Disease of Unexplained Cause With Coexistent Small Airway Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Rowan ◽  
David M. Hansell ◽  
Elisabetta Renzoni ◽  
Toby M. Maher ◽  
Athol U. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Airway Disease ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Small Airway Disease ◽  
Cystic Lung Disease

Follicular Bronchiolitis: A Rare Cause of Cystic Lung Disease

CHEST Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. A437
Author(s):  
Kaitlin Hanlon ◽  
Chad Stone ◽  
Zachary Morris
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Follicular Bronchiolitis ◽  
Cystic Lung Disease

scholarly journals Elective preterm delivery as a management option in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Kelly L Holder ◽  
James A Scardo ◽  
M Ryan Laye
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Management Option ◽  
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
First Case ◽  
Fibrotic Lung Disease ◽  
In Pregnancy

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia, now termed as cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), is a fibrotic lung disease of the small airways with the potential to progress to end-stage lung disease. COP in pregnancy carries a high risk of maternal and neonatal complications and only two prior cases have been reported. This is the first case of pre-existing COP in pregnancy. We report a 16-year-old primigravid with COP who elected inpatient management and preterm delivery as a successful management option.

scholarly journals Revisiting Cystic Lung Disease - A Review on Diagnostic Approach in High Resolution Computed Tomography Thorax

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 1435-1443
Author(s):  
Rajoo Ramachandran ◽  
Jeffrey Ralph ◽  
Rajeev Pulimi ◽  
Logesh Rajamani ◽  
Prabhu Radhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cysts ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Cystic Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Abnormalities

The differential diagnosis of the cystic lung disease is extensive, ranging from an isolated incidental lung cyst to multiple diffuse lung cysts with other varied associated lung abnormalities. High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax is the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of these diseases, by improving the characterisation of the lung cysts (number, size, shape, distribution, wall thickness and regularity), and associated pulmonary and extrapulmonary abnormalities (like ground glass densities, nodules, interstitial fibrosis, mediastinal lymphadenopathy). After differentiating from the common cyst mimickers (cavity, centrilobular emphysema and cystic bronchiectasis), they should be grouped by location into subpleural cysts (paraseptal emphysema, bulla and honeycombing) and intraparenchymal cysts. Intraparenchymal cysts are in turn categorised into solitary / localised cysts (incidental cyst, congenital pulmonary airway malformations, intrapulmonary bronchogenic cyst and hydatid cyst) and multiple diffuse cysts. The next step will be the categorisation of these multiple diffuse cysts into those without other lung abnormalities (lymphangioleiomyomatosis and Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome) and those with other lung abnormalities such as predominant ground glass densities (Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, subacute hypersensitivity pneumonitis and pneumatoceles) or predominant nodules (pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis, amyloidosis, light chain deposition disease, follicular bronchiolitis, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, cystic tuberculosis, cystic lung metastasis, sarcoidosis, and pulmonary mesenchymal cystic hamartomas). We conclude that this orderly radiologic approach in a given HRCT chest study of a cystic lung disease (in addition to correlation with clinical and laboratory findings), can lead us to a specific diagnosis in majority of instances, thereby optimising their treatment management, without the need of an invasive biopsy. KEY WORDS HRCT Thorax, Lung Cysts, Ground Glass Densities, Lung Nodules

scholarly journals Primary Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor of the Liver with Cystic Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65
Author(s):  
Takashi Tashiro ◽  
Fumihiro Uwamori ◽  
Yukiomi Nakade ◽  
Tadahisa Inoue ◽  
Yuji Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Tumors ◽  
Past History ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
First Case ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Cystic Changes ◽  
Multiple Bone Metastases ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cells Of Cajal

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are known to originate specifically from the intestinal cells of Cajal located in the gastrointestinal mesenchyme. GISTs developing outside of the digestive tract have barely been reported. We encountered a first case of large primary GISTs in the liver with cystic changes. A 63-year-old man with a past history of brain infarction visited our hospital. The computed tomography (CT) revealed a 6-cm and a 10-cm mass in the right and the caudal lobe of the liver, respectively. These tumors have marginal enhancement in the arterial phase; however, they presented as hypodense in the internal tumor sites. Both liver tumors had cystic changes. Gastrointestinal examinations using endoscopy revealed no other gastrointestinal tumors, and [18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography/CT revealed multiple bone metastases in addition to the liver tumors. The liver tumor specimens were composed of spindle cells, and the immunohistochemical staining for c-Kit and for DOG1, as discovered on GIST, was positive. The patient was diagnosed with primary hepatic GIST with cystic changes.

scholarly journals COVID-19 pneumonitis and cystic lung disease, pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2021-217390
Author(s):  
Serenydd Everden ◽  
Irfan Zaki ◽  
Gareth Trevelyan ◽  
James Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Cystic Lung ◽  
Cystic Lung Disease
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