scholarly journals Evaluation of an Epoxy-Based Nanosilicacomposite Lining in H2SO4 Solution for Anticorrosion of Sewerage Concrete Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Chau Van Dinh
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solution ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Corrosive Environments

This work presents the performance of a SiO2-epoxy nanocomposite lining for the anticorrosion of the concrete structures in sewer networks. Nanocomposite lining on the concrete substrate surface of the 15 phr (part per hundred epoxy resin) amine-cured epoxy polymer containing 3.0 phr of nano-SiO2 was prepared by intercalating epoxy into the SiO2 via direct mixing process. The silica exfoliation was monitored by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The barrier feature of epoxy the base nanocomposite against water and sulfuric acid solution was evaluated. The results showed that the nanocomposite lining was of a great barrier against these corrosive environments due to the intercalation and exfoliation caused by the dispersion of the SiO2 nanoparticles into the epoxy matrix. The rate of the H2SO4 into the nanocomposite lining was also investigated by measurement of the depth of the sulfur element penetrated layer using the coupled Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). Deterioration behavior of the adhesion strength of the nanocomposite lining was studied. The nanocomposite lining shows a significant improvement of bond strength in comparison to the neat epoxy lining. The durability of the nanocomposite lining adhesion when the lining systems exposed to water and the sulfuric acid solution is also improved significantly.

scholarly journals Grain Structure and Growth of Dispersed Phase BN-AlN Coatings Grown via Chemical Vapor Deposition

1990 ◽  
Vol 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth B. Freeman ◽  
Woo Y. Lee ◽  
W. J. Lackey ◽  
John A. Hanigofsky ◽  
Karren More
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Dispersed Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

ABSTRACTThis paper discusses the variation in microstructures encountered during the separate depositions of boron nitride (BN) and aluminum nitride (A1N) as well as during the codeposition of BNߝA1N dispersed phase ceramic coatings. This combination was chosen in order to take advantage of the self lubricating properties of hexagonal BN along with the hard, erosion resistance of A1N. Films were characterized using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and x-ray diffraction (XRD).A range of coating microstructures are possible depending on the conditions of deposition. The best films produced, in terms of hardness, density, and tenacity, were a fine mixture of turbostratic BN and preferentially oriented A1N whiskers aligned with the whisker axis perpendicular to the substrate surface as seen by both electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.

scholarly journals Solid state interactions in the systems CaO(CaCO3)-Fe2O3 and CuFe2O4-CaO

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Boyanov
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solution ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ferrite Formation

The solid state interactions in the systems CaO(CaCO3)-Fe2O3 and CuFe2O4-CaO have been studied using X-ray diffraction analysis. The influence of the temperature on the ferrite formation process has been investigated in the range of 900-1200 oC and duration up to 360 min. It has been shown that a mixture of ferrites forms at 1000 oC and interaction of 240 min. The exchange reactions in the systems CuFe2O4-CaO and Cu0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4-CaO have been studied, too. It has been established that Ca2+ ions exchange Cu2+ and Zn2 partially and the solubility of copper and zinc in a 7 % sulfuric acid solution increases 10-15 times.

Effect of Cr Additives on the Microstructures and Properties of Laser Cladded Ni3Si

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 1319-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Feng Zheng ◽  
Jian Bin Zhang ◽  
Yao Ning Sun ◽  
Ding Fan ◽  
Min Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Three compositions, (Ni75Si25)-5Cr, (Ni75Si25)-10Cr and (Ni75Si25)-15Cr, have been cladded onto Ni-based suaperalloy substrate by pre-placing laser cladding process with a 5 kW continuous wave CO2 laser. Ni75Si25 was also cladded with the same method for comparison. The process parameters have been optimized to obtain defect free claddings. The microstructure and the hardness of the cladded layers were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and microhardness measurement. The corrosion resistance of the cladded layers was measured in a sulfuric acid solution.

FORMATION AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF (105)-ORIENTED EPITAXIAL THIN FILMS OF YBa2Cu3O7-δ

1997 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 679-685
Author(s):  
Y. YANG ◽  
J. GAO ◽  
T. C. CHUI
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Epitaxial Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Strong Anisotropy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Stepped Surface ◽  
Means Of Transmission

The formation and microstructure of the YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ thin films grown on (305) SrTiO 3 substrates have been studied by means of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and scanning electron microscopy. YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ was epitaxially grown on the stepped surface of such tilted substrates with an angle of 31° between its c axis and the substrate surface normal, forming the (105)-oriented films. A common feature of this kind of films is that small antidomains are nucleated in the initial growing stage. However, the further growth of these antidomains is depressed by the growth of YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ with the desired orientation, leading to the formation of a single domain film. The surface of the (105) YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ films is significantly rougher than that of c axis films but smoother than that of some other tilted films. Strong anisotropy of the transport properties has also been found in the [010] and [Formula: see text] directions of the (105) YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ films.

PbTiO3 and PbZrxTi1-zO3 Films:Microstructure and Properties

1994 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. M. De Veirman ◽  
J. F. M. Cillessen ◽  
M. De Keijser ◽  
R. M. Wolf ◽  
D. J. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pt Electrode ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Non Volatile Memory ◽  
Memory Applications ◽  
Ferroelectric Capacitors

AbstractHetero-epitaxial PbTiO3 films have been grown on different oxidic substrates. The orientation (the c or a axis being perpendicular to the substrate surface) and the morphology of the PbTiO3 film have been studied with transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. For non-volatile memory applications ferroelectric capacitors consisting of PbZrxTi1-xO3 films and Pt electrodes are most commonly used. The microstructure of PbZrxTi1-xO3 films (x=0.36 and x=0.71) grown on oxidized silicon provided with a Ti/Pt electrode, will be discussed in relation to the ferrroelectric properties. Finally, the use of La0.5Sr0.5CoO3 as an oxidic electrode is considered.

scholarly journals Influence of the reaction time during the treatment of bacterial cellulose with sulfuric acid solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 4301-4304 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solution ◽  
Crystallinity Index ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Solutions

Biomaterials are one of the most important parts of the medical device industry. Being used frequently in the development of Scaffolds for the tecidual regeneration. Bacterial cellulose is a biomaterial widely used in tissue regeneration. Due to its high content of hydrogen bonds, its crystallinity is high and its solubility is low, which makes its use difficult. Studies carried out with anteriority showed the modification suffered by bacterial cellulose treated with sulfuric acid solutions. The objective of this work was to study the influence of reaction time on crystallinity in the treatment of bacterial cellulose with sulfuric acid solution. Bacterial cellulose was modified by acid hydrolysis with sulfuric acid solutions of 48 or 64% for 60, 120 and 240 min. In all cases, the hydrolysed cellulose was washed with distilled water until pH 7, subsequently the cellulose was washed with ethanol and dried in an oven at 37 ° C until a constant mass. The samples obtained were characterized by X-ray diffraction and the crystallinity index, the apparent crystallite size, the crystallite inner chains and the Z-discriminant function were determined. The results showed that the reaction time has a statistically significant influence on the crystallinity of bacterial cellulose.

A High Resolution Study of G.P. Zones in Aluminum - 4.2 at % Silver

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 722-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Study

The phenomenon of clustering in Al-Ag alloys has been extensively studied since the early work of Guinierl, wherein the pre-precipitation state was characterized as an assembly of spherical, ordered, silver-rich G.P. zones. Subsequent x-ray and TEM investigations yielded results in general agreement with this model. However, serious discrepancies were later revealed by the detailed x-ray diffraction - based computer simulations of Gragg and Cohen, i.e., the silver-rich clusters were instead octahedral in shape and fully disordered, atleast below 170°C. The object of the present investigation is to examine directly the structural characteristics of G.P. zones in Al-Ag by high resolution transmission electron microscopy.

Identification of calcium oxalate crystals in dried or fixed tobacco leaf

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 288-289
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Baliga ◽  
Mary Ellen Counts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Calcium Oxalate Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Calcium is an important element in the growth and development of plants and one form of calcium is calcium oxalate. Calcium oxalate has been found in leaf seed, stem material plant tissue culture, fungi and lichen using one or more of the following methods—polarized light microscopy (PLM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and x-ray diffraction.Two methods are presented here for qualitatively estimating calcium oxalate in dried or fixed tobacco (Nicotiana) leaf from different stalk positions using PLM. SEM, coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS), and powder x-ray diffraction were used to verify that the crystals observed in the dried leaf with PLM were calcium oxalate.

The Effect of the Microstructure of Diffusion Barriers on the Palladium Activation for Electroless Copper Deposition

2002 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seok Woo Hong ◽  
Yong Sun Lee ◽  
Ki-Chul Park ◽  
Jong-Wan Park
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffusion Barriers ◽  
Copper Deposition ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Plan View ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electroless Copper ◽  
Sheet Resistance Measurement ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractThe effect of microstructure of dc magnetron sputtered TiN and TaN diffusion barriers on the palladium activation for autocatalytic electroless copper deposition has been investigated by using X-ray diffraction, sheet resistance measurement, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and plan view transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The density of palladium nuclei on TaN diffusion barrier increases as the grain size of TaN films decreases, which was caused by increasing nitrogen content in TaN films. Plan view TEM results of TiN and TaN diffusiton barriers showed that palladium nuclei formed mainly on the grain boundaries of the diffusion barriers.

Palladium Nanowire Thin Films via Template Growth

2003 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghai Wang ◽  
David T. Johnson ◽  
Byron F. McCaughey ◽  
J. Eric Hampsey ◽  
Jibao He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Conductive Substrate ◽  
Palladium Nanowires ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
Silica Thin Film

AbstractPalladium nanowires have been electrodeposited into mesoporous silica thin film templates. Palladium continually grows and fills silica mesopores starting from a bottom conductive substrate, providing a ready and efficient route to fabricate a macroscopic palladium nanowire thin films for potentially use in fuel cells, electrodes, sensors, and other applications. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate it is possible to create different nanowire morphology such as bundles and swirling mesostructure based on the template pore structure.

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