scholarly journals Metal-Based Nanoparticles Enhance Drought Tolerance in Soybean

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Tran My Linh ◽  
Nguyen Chi Mai ◽  
Pham Thi Hoe ◽  
Le Quynh Lien ◽  
Ninh Khac Ban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Soybean Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index ◽  
Biomass Reduction

Drought is a major abiotic stress that negatively impacts plant growth and crop production. Among various techniques used to alleviate drought stress in plants, nanoparticle application is considered to be effective and promising. In this study, the responses of plants treated with iron, copper, cobalt, and zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) were analyzed in soybean under drought-induced conditions. The obtained results indicated that these metal-based NPs supported the drought tolerance of NP-treated plants. The desired physiological traits, viz., relative water content, drought tolerance index, and biomass reduction rate, were significantly improved, especially in iron NP-treated plants. At the molecular level, quantitative PCR analysis of several drought-responsive genes revealed a gene-, tissue-, and NP-dependent upregulation of gene expression. Iron NP treatment promoted the expression of all tested genes in roots; additionally, the expression of three drought-responsive genes increased in leaves of all NP-treated plants, while the expression of GmERD1 (Early Responsive to Dehydration 1) was induced in both roots and shoots under the four NP treatments tested. Our findings suggest that NP application can improve drought tolerance of soybean plants by triggering drought-associated gene expression.

Evaluation of the tolerance of Thai indigenous upland rice germplasm to early drought stress using multiple selection criteria

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kittichai Narenoot ◽  
Tidarat Monkham ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Patcharin Songsri ◽  
Wattana Pattanagul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Germplasm ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index

Drought remains the most important factor that affects rice productivity, especially in rainfed areas, worldwide. Upland rice is one of the crop choices of farmers in the rainfed environment. Although upland rice varieties require less water than lowland rice varieties, yields often remain limited by drought, particularly in the period of early growth. The aims of this study were to identify the traits related to early drought tolerance in upland rice varieties, and to identify the potential sources of germplasm for early drought tolerance. A total of sixty upland rice varieties were planted in a factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the rainy seasons of 2011 and 2012, under greenhouse conditions. Based on the drought tolerance index (DTI), the test germplasm sources were classified into three groups: (i) susceptible; (ii) moderately tolerant; (iii) tolerant to drought stress. Grain yield (GY) showed significant negative correlations with the leaf rolling score (r= − 0.623, P< 0.01), the leaf death score (LDS) (r= − 0.673, P< 0.01) and the recovery score (r= − 0.746, P< 0.01), while leaf dry matter (r= 0.698, P< 0.01) and leaf water potential (r= 0.618, P< 0.01) had significant positive correlations with GY. These findings indicate the suitability of the DTI as the selection criteria for early drought tolerance in a breeding programme. In addition, the upland rice germplasm accessions KKU-ULR011, KKU-ULR012, KKU-ULR125, KKU-ULR199 and KKU-ULR292 were identified as having high levels of stability for drought tolerance in both the 2011 and 2012 experiments, suggesting their potential for further use for rice variety improvement for drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Loci discovery, network-guided approach, and genomic prediction for drought tolerance index in a multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) cowpea population

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waltram Ravelombola ◽  
Ainong Shi ◽  
Bao-Lam Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Plant Growth Habit ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index ◽  
Drought Tolerance Indices ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Advanced Generation ◽  
100 Seed Weight

AbstractCowpea is a nutrient-dense legume that significantly contributes to the population’s diet in sub-Saharan Africa and other regions of the world. Improving cowpea cultivars to be more resilient to abiotic stress such as drought would be of great importance. The use of a multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population has been shown to be efficient in increasing the frequency of rare alleles that could be associated with important agricultural traits. In addition, drought tolerance index has been reported to be a reliable parameter for assessing crop tolerance to water-deficit conditions. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to evaluate the drought tolerance index for plant growth habit, plant maturity, flowering time, 100-seed weight, and grain yield in a MAGIC cowpea population, to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) and identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with the drought tolerance indices, to investigate the potential relationship existing between the significant loci associated with the drought tolerance indices, and to conduct genomic selection (GS). These analyses were performed using the existing phenotypic and genotypic data published for the MAGIC population which consisted of 305 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed at University of California, Riverside. The results indicated that: (1) large variation in drought tolerance indices existed among the cowpea genotypes, (2) a total of 14, 18, 5, 5, and 35 SNPs were associated with plant growth habit change due to drought stress, and drought tolerance indices for maturity, flowering time, 100-seed weight, and grain yield, respectively, (3) the network-guided approach revealed clear interactions between the loci associated with the drought tolerance traits, and (4) the GS accuracy varied from low to moderate. These results could be applied to improve drought tolerance in cowpea through marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on marker loci associated with drought tolerance indices in cowpea.

Screening of Blackgram Genotypes for Drought Tolerance using PEG (Polyethylene Glycol) Induced Drought Stress at Seedling Stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Shobanadevi ◽  
R. Elangaimannan ◽  
K. Vadivel
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Abiotic Factor ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index ◽  
Germination Indices ◽  
Peg Stress

Background: Drought is one of the abiotic factor. It is considered to be a moderate loss of water. Water is main source involving for all activities of plant growth throughout the crop plants. Seed germination is considered as one of the first and foremost fundamental life stages of a plant, where the success in growth and yield is also depending on this stage. Methods: An experiment was conducted in order to study the effect of different concentrations (i.e., 0, 10, 20 and 30%) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) stress on germination and early growth stages of 28 genotypes of black gram. Different germination indices such as germination percent, radical length, plumule length, along with drought parameters like drought tolerance index was measured. Conclusion: Results showed significant differences among the cultivars at each drought stress level and significant decrease was observed in germination, length of radical and plumule and radical and plumule dry matter parameters, among all the genotypes genotypes Nirmal 7, NRIB 002, MDU 1, VBN 8 and NUL 7 VISWAS showed their efficiency in terms of germination and germination attributes to with stand to the drought conditions. 

scholarly journals Introgression of Maize Diversity for Drought Tolerance: Subtropical Maize Landraces as Source of New Positive Variants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Augusto Medeiros Barbosa ◽  
Roberto Fritsche-Neto ◽  
Marcela Carvalho Andrade ◽  
César Daniel Petroli ◽  
Juan Burgueño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Genome Wide Association Study ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Change Models ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index

Current climate change models predict an increased frequency and intensity of drought for much of the developing world within the next 30 years. These events will negatively affect maize yields, potentially leading to economic and social instability in many smallholder farming communities. Knowledge about the genetic resources available for traits related to drought tolerance has great importance in developing breeding program strategies. The aim of this research was to study a maize landrace introgression panel to identify chromosomal regions associated with a drought tolerance index. For that, we performed Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) on 1326 landrace progenies developed by the CIMMYT Genetic Resources Program, originating from 20 landraces populations collected in arid regions. Phenotypic data were obtained from early testcross trials conducted in three sites and two contrasting irrigation environments, full irrigation (well-watered) and reduced irrigation (drought). The populations were genotyped using the DArTSeq® platform, and a final set of 5,695 SNPs markers was used. The genotypic values were estimated using spatial adjustment in a two-stage analysis. First, we performed the individual analysis for each site/irrigation treatment combination. The best linear unbiased estimates (BLUEs) were used to calculate the Harmonic Mean of Relative Performance (HMRP) as a drought tolerance index for each testcross. The second stage was a joint analysis, which was performed using the HMRP to obtain the best linear unbiased predictions (BLUPs) of the index for each genotype. Then, GWAS was performed to determine the marker-index associations and the marker-Grain Yield (GY) associations for the two irrigation treatments. We detected two significant markers associated with the drought-tolerance index, four associated with GY in drought condition, and other four associated with GY in irrigated conditions each. Although each of these markers explained less than 0.1% of the phenotypic variation for the index and GY, we found two genes likely related to the plant response to drought stress. For these markers, alleles from landraces provide a slightly higher yield under drought conditions. Our results indicate that the positive diversity delivered by landraces are still present on the backcrosses and this is a potential breeding strategy for improving maize for drought tolerance and for trait introgression bringing new superior allelic diversity from landraces to breeding populations.

scholarly journals DROUGHT TOLERANCE OF THE NEW SELF-POLLINATED LINES OF MAIZE AND THE METHODS OF ITS ESTIMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
G.Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
◽  
N.A. Shevchenko ◽  
A.S. Ignatiev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index

More than half of the maize crops in the Russian Federation are located in areas with insufficient and unstable moisture. With this in mind, Z. mays breeding for drought tolerance is extremely important. The purpose of the current study is: investigate the drought tolerance of self-pollinated maize lines by various methods, identify the best samples for further breeding, establish indirect criteria for estimating drought tolerance. The study was conducted at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern part of the Rostov region, which is characterized by unstable moisture. The years of the study turned out to be dry (Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient (HTC) = 0.32–0.89). The new self-pollinated lines of maize were used as initial material and studied for resistance to water stress (41 pcs. in 2011–2013, 39 pcs. in 2015–2017, 25 pcs. in 2018–2020). According to the guidelines for maize breeding, the following indicators of productivity were taken into account: number of ears per plant, weight of one ear, 1000-grain weight, number of grains per ear, etc. In 2011–2013, based on the comprehensive estimation, new middle-early drought-tolerant self-pollinated lines of maize ‘DK47111’, ‘SP203’, ‘KS211’, ‘S204’ and ‘S238’ were identified. They were characterized by the low values of residual water deficit both in the flowering (6.9 – 12.8%) and milk-wax (9.0 – 13.4%) stage, high drought tolerance index (68.6 – 85.6%), deep root system (force of uprooting the plants from the ground was 54.0–67.7 kgf), minimum gap in the flowering of male and female inflorescences (1–2 days). In 2015–2017, according to the method of residual water deficit (RWD), the following lines were identified ‘KV334’, ‘RD6’, ‘DS498/217-4’, ‘DS257/85-3’, ‘DS257/85-1’, ‘DS257/85-6’, ‘DS257/85-4’. In 2018–2020, the new self-pollinated lines of maize ‘KS317A’, ‘KV240’, ‘LSh16’, ‘S86’, ‘LSh17’ and ‘LSh2’ showed high resistance to water stress. We recommend the following selection criteria when creating new lines: absence of infertility and kernel percentage of the ears.

Identification of  QTLs involved in physiological and agronomic indicators of drought tolerance in rye using a multiple selection index

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Farshadfar ◽  
R. Mohammadi ◽  
M. Aghaee ◽  
J. Sutka
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Addition Line ◽  
Addition Lines ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Disomic Addition Lines

Water deficiency is a major constraint in wheat production and the most important contributor to yield reduction in the semiarid regions of the world. species related to wheat are valuable genetic sources for different traits including resistance/tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. To locate the genes controlling the physiological and agronomic criteria of drought tolerance, disomic addition lines of secale cereale cv. Imperial (donor) into the genetic background of Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (recipient) were tested under field, greenhouse and laboratory conditions. Disomic addition lines exhibited significant differences for relative water content (RWC), relative water loss (RWL), water use efficiency (WUE) and stomatal resistance (SR), indicating the presence of genetic variation and the possibility of selection for improving drought tolerance. Three physiological variables, RWL, WUE and SR, with high correlation with the stress tolerance index (STI) and germination stress index (GSI), contributed 69.7% to the variability of yield under stress (Ys) in the regression equation. Based on the physiological multiple selection index (MSI) most of the QTLs controlling physiological indices of drought tolerance were located on chromosomes 3R, 5R and 7R. The contribution of addition line 7R to the MSI was 47%. The evaluation of disomic addition lines for STI and GSI revealed that most of the QTLs involved in these quantitative criteria of drought tolerance are located on 3R and 7R. Cluster analysis and three dimensional plots of Ys, yield potential (Yp) and MSI indicated that 3R and 7R are the most important chromosomes carrying useful genes for improving drought tolerance.

scholarly journals Antioxidative Responses and Candidate Gene Expression in Prairie Junegrass under Drought Stress

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Jiang ◽  
Eric Watkins ◽  
Shuwei Liu ◽  
Xiaoqing Yu ◽  
Na Luo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Antioxidative Responses ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Antioxidative Enzyme Activities ◽  
Koeleria Macrantha ◽  
Leaf Relative Water Content ◽  
Copper Zinc

Prairie junegrass (Koeleria macrantha) is a native cool-season C3 grass that has shown potential as a low-input turfgrass. An increased understanding of the physiological and molecular responses of prairie junegrass to water-deficit conditions is important for developing cultivars with enhanced drought tolerance. The objective of this study was to characterize the antioxidative responses and candidate gene expression in prairie junegrass subjected to drought stress. Two drought-tolerant (TOL-1 and TOL-2) and two drought-susceptible (SUS-1 and SUS-2) genotypes of prairie junegrass were subjected to 7 days of drought stress. Leaf relative water content (RWC) of SUS-1 and SUS-2 was 72.1% and 73.8% and RWC of TOL-1 and TOL-2 was 90.1% and 85.4% in drought-stressed plants, respectively. Drought stress did not affect chlorophyll fluorescence, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidative enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase (APX), or glutathione reductase for tolerant or susceptible genotypes. The TOL-2 and SUS-2 genotypes were further examined for candidate gene expression. Drought stress did not alter expression levels of CAT and chloroplastic copper/zinc SOD (Cu/ZnSOD), but increased levels of APX in either genotype, compared with their relative controls. Expression of P5CS encoding Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase and P5CR encoding Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase for proline biosynthesis were up-regulated under drought stress for both genotypes; however, expression of P5CR was more strongly induced under drought stress for TOL-2, compared with its control. The expression of 1-FFT encoding fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase, which is involved in fructan biosynthesis, was strongly induced under drought stress for TOL-2 but not detected under either control or drought stress conditions for SUS-2. These results indicate that the genes involved in proline and fructan biosynthesis may play an important role in drought tolerance in prairie junegrass.

scholarly journals "Evaluation of The Performance of Genotypes of Bread Wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.) for Drought Tolerance Using Drought Indexes and Analysis of Multiple Variables "

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Dhahi F.Y. Baktash
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Stress Sensitivity ◽  
Primary Component ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Stress Effect ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index

"ltural Research Ministry of Agriculture several drought indexes have been used to determine the best genotypes of (Triticum eastivum L.) for drought tolerance in the central region of Iraq, Determination of the efficacy of drought indexes for knowledge the genotypes of drought-tolerant and susceptibility and interpretation of the relationship between drought index used by primary component analysis, cluster analysis and rank sum. experiment was conducted to investigate water stress effect for the some traits of selected genotypes, using split plot arrangement within RCBD with 3 replications. The main plots included 2 levels of water stress (20% and 80%) depletion of available water while, the 9th selected genotypes and the control variety IPA99 occupied sub plots. The use of the best index of drought tolerance, MP, GMP and STI, led to the diagnosis of tolerant and stress-sensitive genotypes due to their association with grain yield in both stress and irrigation (YS and YP), The results of drought tolerance index showed that genotypes 186, 179 and 45 were the most tolerant of drought, while genotypes IPA 99, 117, 27 and 17 were the most sensitive to water stress and the other genotypes 44, 129, 147, middle tolerance or water stress sensitivity, Therefore, we recommend the cultivation of genotypes 186, 179 and 45 in the central region as they are most resistant to drought"

scholarly journals MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL TRAIT BASED SELECTION OF WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR DROUGHT TOLERANCE

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 09-16
Author(s):  
S. A. Raffi ◽  
M. Asaduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Major Bottleneck ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Drought stress is now become the most important abiotic stress for wheat in Bangladesh. Rabi season often compromised wheat production by imposing drought stress. Therefore, it has been a priority to develop drought tolerant wheat variety for Bangladesh. However, the lack of genetic variability for drought tolerance in wheat has been a major bottleneck for developing drought tolerance wheat variety. The present investigation was carried out in an aim to evaluate several exotic and locally cultivated wheat genotypes for drought tolerance based on morpho-physiological and biochemical traits. Experiment was carried out at the net house of Field Laboratory of Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh with seven replications in a RCBD design. Ten locally cultivated and exotic wheat genotypes were grown under control (100% field capacity) and drought (30% field capacity) conditions. Genotypes used in the study were identified with different types of drought tolerance mechanisms, viz., Berkut for earliness, Shatabdi for grain weight, BARI Gom 26 for spike and grain number, along with Vorobey, Berkut for enhanced biosynthesis of proline, Sokoll for undamaged leaf Chlorophyll content and relative water content, Sakha8, Gaurav, Sonalika and Shatabdi for membrane thermostability; Sakha8 and Sourav for improved stress tolerance index. The genotypes screened out with different traits related to drought tolerance can be utilized as gene source for future breeding programs.

scholarly journals Drought Tolerance of European Barley (Hordeum Vulgare L.) Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ildiko Schmidthoffer ◽  
Lászlo Szilák ◽  
Péter Molnár ◽  
Peter Csontos ◽  
Anna Skribanek
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Root And Shoot Length ◽  
Drought Tolerance Index ◽  
Drought Model ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Laboratory Stress

Abstract Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses that frequently causes severe loss in crop yield worldwide. Laboratory predictors of field drought tolerance could significantly increase the effectiveness of existing plant breeding programs. In earlier field experiments, drought tolerance of 22 cultivated barley varieties has already been quantified. In order to develop laboratory markers of drought sensitivity, field drought tolerance data were correlated with parameters obtained in laboratory tests. Root and shoot length and weight were measured on control and PEG-treated (a simple laboratory drought model) seedlings. Significant correlations were found among root growth, shoot weight in laboratory stress conditions and field drought tolerance. Interestingly, a negative correlation was found between root length of the untreated seedlings and drought tolerance. Laboratory Drought Tolerance Index (DTI) was introduced as the linear combination of those laboratory parameters which were correlated with field drought tolerance. DTI showed good predictive value (r = 0.57, p < 0.05) for drought tolerance in field experiments and we suggest it for preselection of drought tolerant barley breeding lines and for the characterization of drought tolerance in general.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document