scholarly journals An Overview of the Green Building Performance Database

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chenyao Shen ◽  
Kang Zhao ◽  
Jian Ge
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Data Types

Research on how the database method can assist building performance diagnosis has become an important direction of current green building studies. Many research institutions have paid great attention to the building performance database, adopting new technologies to integrate indoor environmental quality and occupant satisfaction with building energy consumption data. This paper introduces and summarizes the data types, collection methods, and applications of current building performance databases, including those in the United States, the European Union, Japan, and Australia, as well as China. In view of the current problems of limited coverage, poor quality, and ineffective application of green buildings in China, this paper proposes a three-dimensional framework for green building performance databases. The collection and optimization methods of green building performance data are also discussed.

scholarly journals The History, Present and Future of Allergen Standardization in the United States and Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Zimmer ◽  
Jennifer Bridgewater ◽  
Fatima Ferreira ◽  
Ronald van Ree ◽  
Ronald L. Rabin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Product ◽  
Immunological Methods ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Product Standardization ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Allergen Standardization ◽  
Synthetic Medicinal

The topic of standardization in relation to allergen products has been discussed by allergists, regulators, and manufacturers for a long time. In contrast to synthetic medicinal products, the natural origin of allergen products makes the necessary comparability difficult to achieve. This holds true for both aspects of standardization: Batch-to-batch consistency (or product-specific standardization) and comparability among products from different manufacturers (or cross-product comparability). In this review, we focus on how the United States and the European Union have tackled the topic of allergen product standardization in the past, covering the early joint standardization efforts in the 1970s and 1980s as well as the different paths taken by the two players thereafter until today. So far, these two paths have been based on rather classical immunological methods, including the corresponding benefits like simple feasability. New technologies such as mass spectrometry present an opportunity to redefine the field of allergen standardization in the future.

GREEN CLEANING: AN ESSENTIAL ASPECT OF MALAYSIAN GREEN BUILDINGS

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Nadiah Zainol ◽  
Izran Sarrazin Mohammad ◽  
Maizan Baba ◽  
Neo Bee Woon ◽  
Abdul Qayyum Nazri
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Green Cleaning ◽  
Maintenance Stage ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Reduce Energy Consumption ◽  
Specific Regulation

This paper discusses the importance of green cleaning for green buildings during the operations and maintenance stage. The investment on green buildings is often driven by the aim to reduce energy consumption. However, many tend to overlook the importance of the operations and maintenance aspect of the building, particularly the green cleaning aspect. Green cleaning is a major contributor to Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) where IEQ is one of the important criteria that should be considered during the assessment of green building performance. In Malaysia, there is no specific regulation set for green cleaning. Green Building Index (GBI) tools itself does not specifically highlighting green cleaning in their assessment tool. Thus, based on literature review, this paper discusses the benefits of implementing green cleaning and how green cleaning can contribute to achieving better green building performance.

scholarly journals Strategies and Policies for New Technologies: The United Nations, The United States and the European Union

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-355
Author(s):  
Alina Alexandru
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
The United Nations

Abstract New technologies have marked the beginning of the Forth Industrial Revolution era. While the advantages of new technologies for our day-to-day life are undeniable, we cannot fail to notice that emerging and disruptive technologies also imply challenges and risks for individuals, societies and countries. Moreover, in the absence of regulations and norms internationally accepted and assumed, risks associated to the misuse of new technologies tend to increase, transforming the domain into a competition arena. States and international organizations perceive the pressure to address emerging technologies. The United Nations, the United States and the European Union have defined their own strategies and policies on the new technologies with the aim at capitalizing the benefits and minimizing the risks. While different in their view, UN’s, US’ and EU’ strategies and policies offer landmarks to consider in addressing new technologies.

scholarly journals The Discussion about Green Building and Reflect the Interaction of its Functions

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Cankun Ou
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Performance ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Dimensional Surface

Building performance, mainly due to its internal and external image and projecting the overall morphology and outer space color performance. If, after the construction is completed, only a single performance of building three-dimensional surface, it is just isolated to the ground (space) of a group or a group of only isolated and boring. However, if the landscape designer landscaping, configuration greenery, into this important element, it will not only exhibit architectural art architectural charm of its own and can display the rich culture of the building.

Tracking Legislative Developments in Relation to “Do Not Track” Initiatives

2015 ◽  
pp. 1405-1429
Author(s):  
Brigette Garbin ◽  
Kelly Staunton ◽  
Mark Burdon
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
Online Tracking ◽  
Behavioral Profiling ◽  
The Web

Online behavioural profiling has now become an industry that is worth billions of dollars throughout the globe. The actual practice of online tracking was once limited to individual Websites and individual cookies. However, the development of new technologies has enabled marketing corporations to track the Web browsing activities of individual users across the Internet. Consequently, it should be no surprise that legislative initiatives are afoot throughout the world including the United States (US), the European Union (EU), and Australia. These different jurisdictions have put forward different methods of regulating online behavioural profiling and Do Not Track initiatives. Accordingly, this chapter overviews legislative developments and puts forward a typology of different legislative initiatives regarding the regulation of online behavioral profiling and Do Not Track issues. Particular focus is given to the Australian situation and whether existing Australian privacy law is sufficient to protect the privacy interests of individuals against the widespread use of online behaviour profiling tools.

Model UN and Model EU Programs

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gretchen J. Van Dyke
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
European Union ◽  
Experiential Learning ◽  
United Nations ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Learning Tools ◽  
The European Union

The United Nations and the European Union are extraordinarily complex institutions that pose considerable challenges for international studies faculty who work to expose their students to the theoretical, conceptual, and factual material associated with both entities. One way that faculty across the academic spectrum are bringing the two institutions “alive” for their students is by utilizing in-class and multi-institutional simulations of both the UN and the EU. Model United Nations (MUN) and Model European Union simulations are experiential learning tools used by an ever-increasing number of students. The roots of Model UN simulations can be traced to the student-led Model League of Nations simulations that began at Harvard University in the 1920s. Current secondary school MUN offerings include two initiatives, Global Classrooms and the Montessori Model Union Nations (Montessori-MUN). Compared to the institutionalized MUNs, Model EU programs are relatively young. There are three long-standing, distinct, intercollegiate EU simulations in the United States: one in New York, one in the Mid-Atlantic region, and one in the Mid-West. As faculty continue to engage their students with Model UN and Model EU simulations, new scholarship is expected to continue documenting their experiences while emphasizing the value of active and experiential learning pedagogies. In addition, future research will highlight new technologies as critical tools in the Model UN and Model EU preparatory processes and offer quantitative data that supports well-established qualitative conclusions about the positive educational value of these simulations.

Tracking Legislative Developments in Relation to “Do Not Track” Initiatives

2013 ◽  
pp. 235-259
Author(s):  
Brigette Garbin ◽  
Kelly Staunton ◽  
Mark Burdon
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Privacy Law ◽  
The World ◽  
Online Behaviour ◽  
Online Tracking ◽  
Behavioral Profiling ◽  
The Web

Online behavioural profiling has now become an industry that is worth billions of dollars throughout the globe. The actual practice of online tracking was once limited to individual Websites and individual cookies. However, the development of new technologies has enabled marketing corporations to track the Web browsing activities of individual users across the Internet. Consequently, it should be no surprise that legislative initiatives are afoot throughout the world including the United States (US), the European Union (EU), and Australia. These different jurisdictions have put forward different methods of regulating online behavioural profiling and Do Not Track initiatives. Accordingly, this chapter overviews legislative developments and puts forward a typology of different legislative initiatives regarding the regulation of online behavioral profiling and Do Not Track issues. Particular focus is given to the Australian situation and whether existing Australian privacy law is sufficient to protect the privacy interests of individuals against the widespread use of online behaviour profiling tools.

scholarly journals Panel Report onEC–IT Products

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-255
Author(s):  
PAOLA CONCONI ◽  
ROBERT HOWSE
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
European Union ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Panel Report ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Definition Of Information ◽  
The Eu

AbstractAt the heart of the dispute onEC–IT Products1is the definition of information-technology (IT) products and the question of how to treat increasingly multifunctional high-tech goods. The dispute was triggered by various measures introduced by the European Union, resulting in the imposition of duties of up to 14% pertaining to the tariff treatment of certain multifunctional IT products. The complaining parties (the United States, along with Japan and Taiwan) argued that, by introducing these duties, the EU had violated the 1996 Information Technology Agreement (ITA). The WTO Panel Report, circulated on 16 August 2010, ruled in favor of the complaining parties, and ordered the EU to repeal the measures leading to the dutiable treatment of the products at stake. We argue that the Panel's ruling enhances the credibility of trade-policy liberalization in the high-tech sector, fostering the development of new technologies.

scholarly journals Sustainability in Higher Education: Perceptions of Social Responsibility among University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Younghan Jung ◽  
Kayoung Park ◽  
Junyong Ahn
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
University Students ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Green Building ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Indoor Environmental Quality ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Design And Construction

Many construction-related training and education programs in the United States have now embraced the concept of sustainability, offering sustainable construction courses that highlight sustainable design and construction practices. These courses have mainly focused on green building strategies for the design and construction of built environments and indoor environmental quality necessary for students’ knowledge enhancement and career development. This study examined the effect of sustainability course on students’ knowledge as well as their perceptions of social responsibility and sustainable behaviors. Data were collected by conducting a survey from construction related programs in U.S. universities. Students were categorized based on their experience of taking such course(s), and results were compared in terms of their environmental concerns, objective and subjective knowledge, and sustainable consumer behaviors by conducting independent two-sample t-tests. The purpose of this study was to examine sustainable behaviors and social responsibility perceptions among U.S. university students enrolled in construction-related courses. The results indicated that environmental concern and sustainable consumer behavior scores were significantly lower among students who had taken the course than those who had not. Both objective and subjective knowledge scores were relatively low. There was no difference between the two groups in objective knowledge scores and unexpectedly, subjective knowledge was significantly lower among students who had taken the course than those who had not. The findings of this study provide implications for sustainability curriculum development that can enhance students’ learning experience.

Governance by Disclosure: Transnational Convergence in the Field of Nanotechnology

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reut Snir
Keyword(s):  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
New Strategies

Abstract‘Nanotechnology’, the manipulation of matter on an atomic and molecular scale, is projected to profoundly alter manufacturing systems globally. However, along with the promise that these new technologies hold, there are concerns about the possibility of unknown latent risks to human health or the environment. Under current scientific uncertainties, regulators explore new strategies for overseeing the development and safe use of nanotechnologies. Information disclosure plays a prominent role among these strategies. Thus far, however, the informational strategies actually employed by governments have focused on means by which to collect information from industry, and the types of information requested do not allow for an adequate health risk assessment. Moreover, little effort has been made to make the information collected publicly available. The article addresses the question of what information is disclosed (or not disclosed) and why, highlighting the socio-political context within which these decisions are made, and their democratic implications. It argues that the current ‘light-touch’ disclosure-based approach may lie in technical, evidence-based, ‘risk’ conception, which is common to both the United States and the European Union. It further argues for a more democratic ‘governance-by-disclosure’ approach, which allows society to prioritize risks that it is willing to take to enjoy the benefit of technological progress.

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