scholarly journals Algebraic Properties of Parikh Matrices of Binary Picture Arrays

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Somnath Bera ◽  
Sastha Sriram ◽  
Atulya K. Nagar ◽  
Linqiang Pan ◽  
K. G. Subramanian
Keyword(s):  
Triangular Matrix ◽  
Finite Sequence ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Main Diagonal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Algebraic Properties ◽  
Upper Triangular Matrix

A word is a finite sequence of symbols. Parikh matrix of a word is an upper triangular matrix with ones in the main diagonal and nonnegative integers above the main diagonal which are counts of certain scattered subwords in the word. On the other hand, a picture array, which is a rectangular arrangement of symbols, is an extension of the notion of a word to two dimensions. Parikh matrices associated with a picture array have been introduced, and their properties have been studied. Here, we obtain certain algebraic properties of Parikh matrices of binary picture arrays based on the notions of power, fairness, and a restricted shuffle operator extending the corresponding notions studied in the case of words. We also obtain properties of Parikh matrices of arrays formed by certain geometric operations.

scholarly journals Concatenation of Finite Sequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Rafał Ziobro
Keyword(s):  
Finite Sequence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Finite Sequences ◽  
Initial Object

Summary The coexistence of “classical” finite sequences [1] and their zero-based equivalents finite 0-sequences [6] in Mizar has been regarded as a disadvantage. However the suggested replacement of the former type with the latter [5] has not yet been implemented, despite of several advantages of this form, such as the identity of length and domain operators [4]. On the other hand the number of theorems formalized using finite sequence notation is much larger then of those based on finite 0-sequences, so such translation would require quite an effort. The paper addresses this problem with another solution, using the Mizar system [3], [2]. Instead of removing one notation it is possible to introduce operators which would concatenate sequences of various types, and in this way allow utilization of the whole range of formalized theorems. While the operation could replace existing FS2XFS, XFS2FS commands (by using empty sequences as initial elements) its universal notation (independent on sequences that are concatenated to the initial object) allows to “forget” about the type of sequences that are concatenated on further positions, and thus simplify the proofs.

scholarly journals On some dimension formula for automorphic forms of weight one I

1982 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyokazu Hiramatsu
Keyword(s):  
Fuchsian Group ◽  
Automorphic Forms ◽  
Galois Representations ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dimension Formula ◽  
Linearly Independent ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Algebraic Properties ◽  
Lecture Notes ◽  
Weight One

Let Γ be a fuchsian group of the first kind not containing the element . We shall denote by d0 the number of linearly independent automorphic forms of weight 1 for Γ. It would be interesting to have a certain formula for d0. But, Hejhal said in his Lecture Notes 548, it is impossible to calculate d0 using only the basic algebraic properties of Γ. On the other hand, Serre has given such a formula of d0 recently in a paper delivered at the Durham symposium ([7]). His formula is closely connected with 2-dimensional Galois representations.

A Turkish Model for the Arab Spring?

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 24-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Ü. Bâli
Keyword(s):  
Arab Spring ◽  
Arab World ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Significance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Arab Spring

The revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests across the Arab world – known collectively as the Arab Spring – have ushered in a period of unprecedented change to the region. To what extent are non-Arab regional players relevant to this process? This essay considers two dimensions of the potential significance of Turkey to the events underway in the Arab world. Turkey has at times been invoked as a regionally appropriate example on which to model Arab democratization in a post-authoritarian context. This essay critically examines such claims, pointing out both the democratic deficits of the Turkish model and the intrinsic challenges of applying external models to indigenous democratization efforts. On the other hand, there is a second sense in which Turkey may have a role in the Arab Spring – namely, as an actor in its own right. With respect to this second dimension, this essay considers evolving Turkish policy towards the Arab world and examines the potential for Turkey to play a constructive role as a pro-democratic force in the region.

On lattices of z-ideals of function rings

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Themba Dube ◽  
Oghenetega Ighedo
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Regularity Conditions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Maximal Ideals ◽  
Algebraic Properties ◽  
Weakly Closed ◽  
Frame Homomorphism

Abstract An ideal I of a ring A is a z-ideal if whenever a, b ∈ A belong to the same maximal ideals of A and a ∈ I, then b ∈ I as well. On the other hand, an ideal J of A is a d-ideal if Ann2(a) ⊆ J for every a ∈ J. It is known that the lattices Z(L) and D(L) of the ring 𝓡L of continuous real-valued functions on a frame L, consisting of z-ideals and d-ideals of 𝓡L, respectively, are coherent frames. In this paper we characterize, in terms of the frame-theoretic properties of L (and, in some cases, the algebraic properties of the ring 𝓡L), those L for which Z(L) and D(L) satisfy the various regularity conditions on algebraic frames introduced by Martínez and Zenk [20]. Every frame homomorphism h : L → M induces a coherent map Z(h) : Z(L) → Z(M). Conditions are given of when this map is closed, or weakly closed in the sense Martínez [19]. The case of openness of this map was discussed in [11]. We also prove that, as in the case of the ring C(X), the sum of two z-ideals of 𝓡L is a z-ideal.

scholarly journals Daens: de making-of. Over de film Daens (1992) en de Daensmythe

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-221
Author(s):  
Gertjan Willems
Keyword(s):  
Historical Novel ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Christian Democracy ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
The Town

Dit artikel onderzoekt hoe Louis Paul Boons historische roman Pieter Daens (1971) en, in het bijzonder, Stijn Coninx’ biopic Daens zich verhouden tot hun historisch onderwerp, de Aalsterse priester en politicus Adolf Daens (1839-1907). Het artikel toont hoe deze Daensvertellingen bijdragen tot de Daensmythe, die twee dimensies kent. Enerzijds een persoonlijke dimensie met de heroïsering van Daens, anderzijds een politiek-historische dimensie waarbij Daens en het daensisme gelijkgesteld worden met de bredere daensistische beweging en het ontstaan van de christendemocratie in Vlaanderen. De Daensmythe en de filmische popularisering ervan zorgden er mee voor dat Daens kon uitgroeien tot een historisch symbool dat zich flexibel laat inzetten in hedendaagse politiek-ideologische discoursen.__________ Daens: the making of. On the movie Daens (1992) and the ‘Daens myth’ This article analyses how Louis Paul Boon’s historical novel Pieter Daens (1971), and more particularly, Stijn Coninx’ biopic Daens correspond to their historical subject, the priest-politician Adolf Daens (1839-1907) from the town of Aalst. The article illustrates how these narrations have contributed to the Daens myth, which is comprised of two dimensions. On the one hand, it entails a personal dimension, deifying Daens. On the other hand, the myth contains a political-historical dimension, in which the figure of Daens and ‘daensism’ are equated with the broader ‘Daensic’ movement and even the origins of Christian democracy in Flanders. The ‘Daens myth’ and its popularization via film have contributed to the emergence of Daens as a historical symbol that can be used versatilely in contemporary political-ideological discourses.

scholarly journals A comprehensive framework for optimising the effects of inverse logistics practices in SC sustainability

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Cristina López Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Logistic Management ◽  
Reverse Logistic ◽  
Comprehensive Framework

<p class="Abstract">With growing sustainability concern in mind, firms seek to implement reverse logistic systems in their operations. However, if these practices were not properly implemented, they would be costly and even ineffective. In order to guide company efforts, the present study provide a comprehensive framework based on two dimensions. On one hand, it suits a reverse logistic management model stage-by-stage. On the other hand, the framework brings together concrete measures to optimize SC sustainability from three perspectives: operative, economical and environmental. The proposed framework thus allow to balance reverse logistic practices and SC sustainability. Furthermore, we validated it by analysing six real case in different industries. Findings highlight how reverse logistic activities may improve each SC sustainability dimension.</p>

Aporias of courage and the freedom of expression

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejvind Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Truth Telling ◽  
Public Spheres ◽  
Traditional Account ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
Public Setting ◽  
The One

In this article we will suggest that the traditional account of the freedom of expression needs revision. The emergence of Internet media has shown that the traditional ideal of a plurality of voices does not in itself lead to fruitful public spheres. Inspired by Foucault’s interpretation of the Greek concept parrhesia we suggest that the plurality of voices should be supplemented with an ideal of courageous truth-telling. We will furthermore argue that the notion of courage has two dimensions that should be taken into account. On the one hand a Derridean reading of courage brings out a disruptive and aporetic feature of courage. On the other hand, courage also needs to be articulated through some kind of goal, which in a public setting calls for a deliberative dimension. We conclude by suggesting that public spheres with courageous truth-telling will facilitate societies in which strong voices and opinions are continuously challenged by less strong voices.

Toward a Taxonomy of Copresence

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 445-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanyang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Mode Of Being

This paper contributes to the presence literature by explicating the meanings and subtypes of copresence.Copresence is defined here as consisting of two dimensions: copresence as mode of being with others, and copresence as sense of being with others. Mode of copresence refers to the physical conditions that structure human interaction. Six such conditions are delineated. Sense of copresence, on the other hand, refers to the subjective experience of being with others that an individual acquires in interaction. The main argument of this paper is that mode of copresence affects sense of copresence, and knowledge of how the former affects the latter will benefit copresence design.

scholarly journals Skoro Bałkany istnieją, lepiej ich nie wymyślać — między pragnieniem ucieczki do „EU-ropy” a „bałkanizacją Bałkanów”

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Dominika Mikucka-Wójtowicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Balkan Region ◽  
The One ◽  
Emir Kusturica ◽  
Life Politics

Vesna Goldsworthy once stated that interest in the Balkans lasts as long as there are conflicts in the area. Furthermore, that interest is extremely superficial. Europeans prefer to fit inhabitants of the Balkans into lasting ‘popular’ stereotypes (clichés) rather than to become acquainted with them. On the one hand, the Balkan region is viewed as being the proverbial powder keg, an area suffering from the ‘eternal’ hatred of the nations inhabiting it and stained with the blood of their fratricidal strife; at the very least the region is a synonym of extreme retrogression and obscurantism, from whichonly European paternalism can save it. On the other hand—the brighter picture—the region is viewed almost like a ludic open-air folk museum, as in the films of Emir Kusturica. Those who are more inclined to hold the first view dream of the Balkans’ escape to ‘EU-rope’; the latter do not in principle oppose remaining in this idyllic land ‘flowing with rakia’. The aim of the article is to analyze the discourse concerning the Balkans in two dimensions of social life—politics and art.

Organizational Code of Cyber Transparency in E-Learning Environments

2016 ◽  
pp. 286-300
Author(s):  
Tulay Goru Dogan
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Information Share ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
E Learning

The purpose of this chapter is to develop a framework for distance education institutions focusing on organizational code of cyber transparency in e-learning environments. The background of the study is based on the transparency concept as cyber transparency concept is derived from concepts of the cyber and transparency. In this sense, the cyber transparency framework points out two dimensions for distance education institutions as (1) internal transparency and (2) external transparency. The chapter explains these two dimensions in detail in terms of information share with people and amount of information shared. As a consequence, the cyber transparency framework can highlight the promotion of internal and external transparency in e-learning environments. On the other hand, this framework can be developed, customized and updated by the institutions, experts or researchers for different situations.

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