scholarly journals A Systematic Review on Clinimetric Properties of Play Instruments for Occupational Therapy Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hibatullah Romli ◽  
Farahiyah Wan Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Child's Play ◽  
Therapy Field ◽  
Academic Search

Play is considered the main occupation for children. Pediatric occupational therapists utilize play either for evaluation or intervention purpose. However, play is not properly measured by occupational therapists, and the use of play instrument is limited. This systematic review was aimed at identifying play instruments relevant to occupational therapy practice and its clinimetric properties. A systematic search was conducted on six databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection, Scopus, and ASEAN Citation Index) in January 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using Law and MacDermid’s Appraisal for Clinical Measurement Research Reports, and psychometric properties of play instruments were evaluated using Terwee’s checklist while the clinical utility is extracted from each instrument. Initial search identifies 1,098 articles, and only 30 articles were included in the final analysis, extracting 8 play instruments. These instruments were predominantly practiced in the Western culture, which consists of several psychometric evidences. The Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale is considered the most extensive and comprehensive play instrument for extrinsic aspect, whereas the Test of Playfulness + Test of Environmental Supportiveness Unifying Measure is a promising play instrument for intrinsic aspect on play, where both instruments utilize observation. My Child’s Play is a potential questionnaire-based play instrument. However, the current development of play instruments in the occupational therapy field is immature and constantly evolving, and occupational therapists should exercise good clinical reasoning when selecting a play instrument to use in practice.

Effective interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to address participation for adults with aphasia: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 030802262110578
Author(s):  
Anne A Escher ◽  
Sarah McKinnon ◽  
Sue Berger
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Cochrane Database ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Appraisal Tool

Introduction Occupational therapists work with clients with impaired communication to re-engage in valued occupations. This systematic review seeks to answer the question: What are effective interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to address participation for adults with aphasia? Method A systematic review of the literature was completed using PubMed, PsychInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and OT Seeker databases. Intervention studies within the scope of occupational therapy practice with a participation outcome, and published in peer reviewed journals from 2000 to 2019, were included. The quality of each study was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings Thirteen articles fit the inclusion criteria. Categories of interventions that emerged from the data include community-based groups, individually tailored programs, adaptation/presentation of materials, interprofessional interventions, and psychoeducation. Conclusion There is evidence to support the use of interventions within the scope of occupational therapy practice to increase participation for people with aphasia. Specifically, the use of community-based groups and adaptation of materials are effective to facilitate participation. Most of the studies were pre-post one group design; however, they demonstrated positive results for participation outcomes. More research is needed on people with aphasia that focuses on participation in meaningful occupations.

scholarly journals Duloxetine versus ‘active’ placebo, placebo or no intervention for major depressive disorder; a protocol for a systematic review of randomised clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiza Siddiqui ◽  
Marija Barbateskovic ◽  
Sophie Juul ◽  
Kiran Kumar Katakam ◽  
Klaus Munkholm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Trial Sequential Analysis ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Major depression significantly impairs quality of life, increases the risk of suicide, and poses tremendous economic burden on individuals and societies. Duloxetine, a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is a widely prescribed antidepressant. The effects of duloxetine have, however, not been sufficiently assessed in earlier systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Methods/design A systematic review will be performed including randomised clinical trials comparing duloxetine with ‘active’ placebo, placebo or no intervention for adults with major depressive disorder. Bias domains will be assessed, an eight-step procedure will be used to assess if the thresholds for clinical significance are crossed. We will conduct meta-analyses. Trial sequential analysis will be conducted to control random errors, and the certainty of the evidence will be assessed using GRADE. To identify relevant trials, we will search Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica database, PsycINFO, Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Science and Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Social Science & Humanities. We will also search Chinese databases and Google Scholar. We will search all databases from their inception to the present. Two review authors will independently extract data and perform risk of bias assessment. Primary outcomes will be the difference in mean depression scores on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale between the intervention and control groups and serious adverse events. Secondary outcomes will be suicide, suicide-attempts, suicidal ideation, quality of life and non-serious adverse events. Discussion No former systematic review has systematically assessed the beneficial and harmful effects of duloxetine taking into account both the risks of random errors and the risks of systematic errors. Our review will help clinicians weigh the benefits of prescribing duloxetine against its adverse effects and make informed decisions. Systematic review registration PROSPERO 2016 CRD42016053931

Quality of life: A universal or a disability specific concept?

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Asnat Bar-Haim Erez ◽  
Eynat Gal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorder ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Specific Concept ◽  
The Individual

Background. Quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome of occupational therapy practice. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts the individual throughout their lifespan and may substantially affect QoL. Measuring QoL of people with ASD presents a challenge and a debate whether to use general versus disability-specific adapted measures. Purpose. This paper aims to (a) revisit the construct of QoL and discuss specific dilemmas pertaining to its measurement, and (b) discuss implications to the assessment of QoL in individuals with ASD while highlighting the potential contribution of occupational therapy to the development of measures. Key Issues. We suggest adding the domain of accessibility into QoL assessments, including, physical, sensory, social, and cognitive aspects, and to use disability-specific QoL measures. Implications. The paper presents a call for occupational therapists to be involved in developing specific ASD disability-oriented measures that consider the unique characteristics of the disorder and environmental supports.

scholarly journals Desempenho ocupacional de mulheres em situação de rua / Occupacional performance of homeless women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
Thayane de Cácia Brito Prudente ◽  
Rayssa Béder César Paiva ◽  
Daniela Tavares Gontijo
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Homeless Women ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Structured Interviews

Introdução: A população em situação de rua caracteriza-se predominantemente pela falta de moradia regular, condição de pobreza extrema e vínculos rompidos ou fragilizados. No entanto, a vida na rua e o acesso aos serviços socioassistenciais tendem a não se configurar da mesma forma para homens e mulheres. Considerando a perspectiva do desempenho ocupacional, os terapeutas ocupacionais se preocupam com os fatores que influenciam o envolvimento dos sujeitos em ocupações. Objetivo: compreender o desempenho ocupacional de mulheres em situação de rua. Métodos: Estudo de abordagem qualitativa, com base na História Oral de Vida. A coleta de dados foi realizada em dois serviços socioassistenciais do Recife que atendem pessoas em situação de rua.  Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas e submetidos à Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados/discussão: Foram entrevistadas 8 mulheres com idades entre 20 a 39 anos. A análise resultou em três categorias temáticas: Desempenho Ocupacional na infância, Ida para rua e Desempenho Ocupacional na rua. As categorias forma dividias em: Atividades de Vida Diária (AVDs), Atividades Instrumentais de Vida Diária (AIVDs), Trabalho, Lazer e Participação Social. Observou-se que as mulheres em situação de rua vivenciam um processo de privação ocupacional pela situação de desfiliação em que vivem, com repercussão negativa na qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Neste estudo pode-se observar a dificuldade das mulheres em realizar todas as ocupações, justificando a intervenção da Terapia Ocupacional para favorecer o empoderamento pessoal, a ressignificação do cotidiano e exercício da cidadania.  AbstractIntroduction: The population in street situation is predominantly characterized by a lack of regular housing, an extreme poverty and  weakened or broken bonds. However, street living and access to social assistance services tend not to be configured in the same way for men and women. Considering the perspective of occupational performance, occupational therapists are concerned with factors that influence the subjects' engagement in occupations. Objective: To understand the occupational performance of women who are homeless. Method: A qualitative study based on the Oral Story of Life. The data collection was performed in two social assistance services in the city of Recife that receive people who live on streets. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and submitted to the Thematic Content Analysis. Results/Discussion: Eight women aged 20 to 39 years were interviewed. The analysis resulted in three thematic categories: Occupational Performance in childhood, Going to the streets and Occupational Performance in the streets. The categories were divided into Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs), Work, Leisure and Social Participation. It was observed that homeless women experience a process of occupational deprivation with negative repercussions on the quality of life due to the situation of disaffiliation in which they live. Conclusion: In this study it is possible to observe the women's difficulty to perform all the occupations, justifying the intervention of the Occupational Therapy to favor the personal empowerment, the resignification of the daily life and the exercise of the citizenship.Keywords: Homeless persons, Autobiography, Gender identity, Women, social Vulnerability, Occupational therapy.

scholarly journals Medical Rehabilitation and Occupational Therapy in Patients with Lesion of Plexus Brachialis

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
D. Vacheva
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Plexus Brachialis ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Processes

Summary Causes for plexus brachialis damage are versatile, and in some cases remain unknown, but mostly result from degenerative and inflammatory processes. Treatment of brachial plexus dysfunction is often conservative and is subject to a team of specialists - neurologists, traumatologists, rehabilitation physicians, kinesitherapists and occupational therapists. The objective of the research is to report the recovery of patients with lesion of plexus brachialis after a complex physiotherapy and rehabilitation treatment program that includes electrostimulation, remedial massage, kinesitherapy, electrotherapy and occupational therapy. A total of 159 patients, treated at the Clinic of Physical Therapy, University Hospital of Pleven, were included in the study. Improvement of measured indexes: pain assessment, centimetry, assessment of upper limb muscle weakness, dynamometry and functional test of activities of daily living, was registered in all patients under observation. In order to achieve good results in the rehabilitation of patients with injured plexus brachialis, timely diagnosis, good medication therapy and early start of complex physiotherapy and rehabilitation are of crucial importance, so that performance of daily living activities improves. The good results come slowly and with difficulties, but the quality of life of patients and the quality of labor performed by them, improves significantly.

scholarly journals Sport and dance interventions for healthy young people (15–24 years) to promote subjective well-being: a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e020959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Mansfield ◽  
Tess Kay ◽  
Catherine Meads ◽  
Lily Grigsby-Duffy ◽  
Jack Lane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
British Library ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Healthy Young People ◽  
Google Search

ObjectiveTo review and assess effectiveness of sport and dance participation on subjective well-being outcomes among healthy young people aged 15–24 years.DesignSystematic review.MethodsWe searched for studies published in any language between January 2006 and September 2016 on PsychINFO, Ovid MEDLINE, Eric, Web of Science (Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Social Science and Science Citation Index), Scopus, PILOTS, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus and International Index to Performing Arts. Additionally, we searched for unpublished (grey) literature via an online call for evidence, expert contribution, searches of key organisation websites and the British Library EThOS database, and a keyword Google search. Published studies of sport or dance interventions for healthy young people aged 15–24 years where subjective well-being was measured were included. Studies were excluded if participants were paid professionals or elite athletes, or if the intervention was clinical sport/dance therapy. Two researchers extracted data and assessed strength and quality of evidence using criteria in the What Works Centre for Wellbeing methods guide and GRADE, and using standardised reporting forms. Due to clinical heterogeneity between studies, meta-analysis was not appropriate. Grey literature in the form of final evaluation reports on empirical data relating to sport or dance interventions were included.ResultsEleven out of 6587 articles were included (7 randomised controlled trials and 1 cohort study, and 3 unpublished grey evaluation reports). Published literature suggests meditative physical activity (yoga and Baduanjin Qigong) and group-based or peer-supported sport and dance has some potential to improve subjective well-being. Grey literature suggests sport and dance improve subjective well-being but identify negative feelings of competency and capability. The amount and quality of published evidence on sport and dance interventions to enhance subjective well-being is low.ConclusionsMeditative activities, group and peer-supported sport and dance may promote subjective well-being enhancement in youth. Evidence is limited. Better designed studies are needed.Trial registration numberCRD42016048745; Results.

Occupational therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 311-320
Author(s):  
Alison Hammond ◽  
Joanne Adams ◽  
Yeliz Prior
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Psychological Status ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Participation Restrictions ◽  
Work Family

People with rheumatoid arthritis can find it painful, tiring, and frustrating to perform their daily activities, work, family and social responsibilities, and leisure. While drug therapy has improved outcomes, many still experience limitations in their daily lives. Occupational therapy aims to: improve clients’ abilities to perform their activities and participate in their social roles; reduce pain and fatigue; improve or maintain physical function; improve or maintain psychological status; help people self-manage their condition successfully and adapt to changes in their lifestyle; achieve a healthy work and personal life balance. People with participation restrictions have poorer psychological and physical outcomes. Helping people participate in their roles, as and when they wish to, is an important part of rehabilitation to maximize clients’ quality of life. Occupational therapists use a wide range of educational, physical, social, psychological, and work-related interventions to help people live their lives as successfully as possible.

Targeted Applications of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 298-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Ann McColl ◽  
Mary Law ◽  
Sue Baptiste ◽  
Nancy Pollock ◽  
Anne Carswell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Canadian Occupational Performance Measure ◽  
The World

Background. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an outcome measure designed to assess performance and satisfaction with occupation. It was developed to coincide with the occupation-focused, client-centred Canadian Model of Occupational Performance. Purpose. The COPM has been a feature of the occupational therapy landscape for approximately 15 years and has pervaded the consciousness of occupational therapists around the world. In this paper, we examine issues associated with application of the COPM in targeted clinical and non-clinical situations. Results. The paper suggests considerations required to ensure that the highest quality of information is derived from the COPM in all situations. Practice Implications. Although the paper emphasizes the centrality of the client-centred approach, it also demonstrates the flexibility and adaptability of the COPM to different situations, clients, settings and purposes.

The Recovery Paradigm: Should Occupational Therapists be Interested?

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen L. Rebeiro Gruhl
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Professional Beliefs ◽  
Mental Health Literature ◽  
Practice Method

Background. The mental health literature attests to a paradigm shift from an emphasis on treatment towards a focus on fostering recovery. This paradigm emphasizes many constructs familiar to occupational therapists, including quality of life, empowerment, hope, meaningful activities and work. Occupational therapists are not only familiar with these terms, but have addressed recovery-related constructs in both research and practice. Method and Purpose. Literature on the recovery paradigm, mental health and occupational therapy was reviewed to gain an understanding of this paradigm and its relationship to occupational therapy in mental health. Result. Core occupational therapy beliefs and assumptions are strikingly similar to those purported to be important to fostering recovery. Implications. Occupational therapists should consider taking a keen interest in the construct of recovery. By virtue of professional beliefs and assumptions, occupational therapists are uniquely positioned to assume a leadership role in the area of recovery—related research and practice.

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