scholarly journals Analyzing Reliability of the Communication for Secure and Highly Available GOOSE-Based Logic Selectivity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Peyman Jafary ◽  
Antti Supponen ◽  
Mikko Salmenperä ◽  
Sami Repo
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Transmission Time ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Protection Devices ◽  
Communication Reliability ◽  
Electrical Distribution Network ◽  
4G Lte ◽  
Secured Communication

In an electrical distribution network, Logic Selectivity significantly reduces both the number and duration of outages. Generic Object-Oriented Substation Events (GOOSE) have a key role in the decision-making process of substation protection devices using GOOSE-based Logic Selectivity. GOOSE messages are exchanged between remote protection devices over the communication network. Secured communication with low latency and high reliability is therefore required in order to ensure reliable operation as well as meeting real-time requirement of the Logic Selectivity application. There is thus a need to evaluate feasibility of the selected communication network technology for Logic Selectivity use cases. This paper analyzes reliability of cellular 4G/LTE Internet for GOOSE communication in a Logic Selectivity application. For this purpose, experimental lab set-ups are introduced for different configurations: ordinary GOOSE communication, secured GOOSE communication by IPsec in Transport mode, and redundant GOOSE communication using the IEC 62439-3 Parallel Redundancy Protocol. In each configuration, the GOOSE retransmissions are recorded for a period of three days and the average GOOSE transmission time is measured. Furthermore, the measured data is classified into histograms and a probability value for communication reliability, based on the transmission time, is calculated. The statistical analysis shows that 4G Internet satisfies the real-time and reliability requirements for secure and highly available GOOSE-based Logic Selectivity.

scholarly journals ITFDS: Channel-Aware Integrated Time and Frequency-Based Downlink LTE Scheduling in MANET

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3394
Author(s):  
Le Minh Tuan ◽  
Le Hoang Son ◽  
Hoang Viet Long ◽  
L. Rajaretnam Priya ◽  
K. Ruba Soundar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Proportional Fair ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Multiple Users ◽  
Real Time Applications ◽  
4G Lte

One of the crucial problems in Industry 4.0 is how to strengthen the performance of mobile communication within mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and mobile computational grids (MCGs). In communication, Industry 4.0 needs dynamic network connectivity with higher amounts of speed and bandwidth. In order to support multiple users for video calling or conferencing with high-speed transmission rates and low packet loss, 4G technology was introduced by the 3G Partnership Program (3GPP). 4G LTE is a type of 4G technology in which LTE stands for Long Term Evolution, followed to achieve 4G speeds. 4G LTE supports multiple users for downlink with higher-order modulation up to 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). With wide coverage, high reliability and large capacity, LTE networks are widely used in Industry 4.0. However, there are many kinds of equipment with different quality of service (QoS) requirements. In the existing LTE scheduling methods, the scheduler in frequency domain packet scheduling exploits the spatial, frequency, and multi-user diversity to achieve larger MIMO for the required QoS level. On the contrary, time-frequency LTE scheduling pays attention to temporal and utility fairness. It is desirable to have a new solution that combines both the time and frequency domains for real-time applications with fairness among users. In this paper, we propose a channel-aware Integrated Time and Frequency-based Downlink LTE Scheduling (ITFDS) algorithm, which is suitable for both real-time and non-real-time applications. Firstly, it calculates the channel capacity and quality using the channel quality indicator (CQI). Additionally, data broadcasting is maintained by using the dynamic class-based establishment (DCE). In the time domain, we calculate the queue length before transmitting the next packets. In the frequency domain, we use the largest weight delay first (LWDF) scheduling algorithm to allocate resources to all users. All the allocations would be taken placed in the same transmission time interval (TTI). The new method is compared against the largest weighted delay first (LWDF), proportional fair (PF), maximum throughput (MT), and exponential/proportional fair (EXP/PF) methods. Experimental results show that the performance improves by around 12% compared with those other algorithms.

Transfusion Monitoring and Controlling System Based on Wireless Communication

2012 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Jiang Ma ◽  
Yu Qiao Wen ◽  
Ling Yan Du ◽  
Xiao Xiao Liang ◽  
Chong Gang Wei
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wireless Transmission ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wireless Transceiver ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Transceiver Module ◽  
Medical Accident

Transfusion monitoring and controlling system of wireless communication is designed for avoidance of medical accident due to inconsiderate care. This system is based on RS-485 bus protocol to build the communication network, consisting of master computer and slave computer. STM32F103R8T6 MCU is the core of the master computer, and MSP430F2132 MCU for slave computer. The wireless transmission of data between master computer and slave computer can be done by nRF905 wireless transceiver module. One new calculation of drop speed is used for better real-time displaying thereof. Provided that abnormal occurrence is during the transfusion, the transfusion tube will be closed by controlling order from system, in order to protect the patient.

scholarly journals Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy and Barrett's esophagus – just a scientific toy or significant improvement in diagnosis?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luka Vranić ◽  
Tin Nadarević ◽  
Davor Štimac
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Barrett’s esophagus (BE) requires surveillance to identify potential neoplasia at early stage. Standard surveillance regimen includes random four-quadrant biopsies by Seattle protocol. Main limitations of random biopsies are high risk of sampling error, difficulties in histology interpretation, common inadequate classification of pathohistological changes, increased risk of bleeding and time necessary to acquire the final diagnosis. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) has emerged as a potential tool with an aim to overcome these obvious limitations. Summary: pCLE represents real-time microscopic imaging method that offers evaluation of epithelial and subepithelial structures with 1000-fold magnification. In theory, pCLE has potential to eliminate the need for biopsy in BE patient. The main advantages would be real-time diagnosis and decision making, greater diagnostic accuracy and to evaluate larger area compared to random biopsies. Clinical pCLE studies in esophagus show high diagnostic accuracy and its high negative predictive value offers high reliability and confidence to exclude dysplastic and neoplastic lesions. However, it still cannot replace histopathology due to lower positive predictive value and sensitivity. Key messages: Despite promising results, its role in routine use in patients with Barrett’s esophagus remains questionable primarily due to lack of well-organized double-blind randomized trials.

scholarly journals Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on HML and Vector Quantization for Cognitive Radio Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.20) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Shweta Alpna ◽  
Amrit Mukherjee ◽  
Amlan Datta
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Vector Quantization ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
The Real ◽  
Novel Technique

The proposed work illustrates a novel technique for cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio (CR) network. The work includes an approach of identifying secondary users (SUs) based on Hierarchical Maximum Likelihood (HML) technique followed by Vector Quantization. Initially, the arrangement of the SUs are been observed using HML with respect to a spatial domain and then the active SUs among them are identified using VQ. The approach will not only save the energy, but the decision of the real-time and dynamic cooperative communication network becomes more accurate as we can predict the behavior of SUs movement and spectrum sensing by each individual SU at that particular  place. The results and simulations of the real-time experiment justifies with the proposed approach. 

The System Design of Wireless Video Transmission Based on PTZ Control

2014 ◽  
Vol 1006-1007 ◽  
pp. 723-726
Author(s):  
Shi Yu Huan
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wireless Video ◽  
The Real ◽  
Wireless Video Transmission ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology

Along with the rapid expansion of automation, communication, the Internet of things technology, and video image processing technology, the wireless video transmission technology based on the embedded system is becoming increasingly more mature. In this paper, what has been designed and managed to be perfectly applied is a transmission system of high reliability and convenience which based on the technique of pan-tilt control and integrated the technology of wireless LAN, embedded technology, video transmission technology. The paper briefly introduces the research background of the system, current research status at home and abroad, the development trend and the significance of this design project. What is more is that the article goes through the hardware and software design of the pan-tilt control circuit and software of real-time video transmission in a detailed way. The biggest is that this project has made the real-time video transmission in the local area network came true and you can check the real-time dynamic video images by browsing the web through you mobile phone.

Recognition and calculation of objects in images using YOLOv3 architecture

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (jai2021.26(2)) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Hrabovskyi V ◽  
◽  
Kmet O ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Learning Technology ◽  
Visual Objects ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Original Classification ◽  
Trained Network

Program that searches for five types of fruits in the images of fruit trees, classifies them and counts their quantity is presented. Its creation took into account the requirement to be able to work both in the background and in real time and to identify the desired objects at a sufficiently high speed. The program should also be able to learn from available computers (including laptops) and within a reasonable time. In carrying out this task, the possibilities of several existing approaches to the recognition and identification of visual objects based on the use of convolutional neural networks were analyzed. Among the considered network archi-tectures were R-CNN, Fast R-CNN, Faster R-CNN, SSD, YOLO and some modifications based on them. Based on the analysis of the peculiarities of their work, the YOLO architecture was used to perform the task, which allows the analy-sis of visual objects in real time with high speed and reliability. The software product was implemented by modifying the YOLOv3 architecture implemented in TensorFlow 2.1. Object recognition in this architecture is performed using a trained Darknet-53 network, the parameters of which are freely available. The modification of the network was to replace its original classification layer. The training of the network modified in this way was carried out on the basis of Transfer learning technology using the Agrilfruit Dataset. There was also a study of the peculiarities of the learning process of the network under the use of different types of gradient descent (stochastic and with the value of the batch 4 and 8), as a result of which the optimal version of the trained network weights was selected for further use. Tests of the modified and trained network have shown that the system based on it with high reliability distin-guishes objects of the corresponding classes of different sizes in the image (even with their significant masking) and counts their number. The ability of the program to distinguish and count the number of individual fruits in the analyzed image can be used to visually assess the yield of fruit trees

Abstract 199: Hardwiring Institutional Learning Through Team-Based Problem-Solving in a Pediatric Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A Williams ◽  
Lauren Ladwig ◽  
De Ann Nikolai ◽  
Gay Matthews ◽  
Jeanine M Graf
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Task Force ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Practice Change ◽  
Frontline Staff ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Our purpose was to develop a high reliability system (The SWARM) to empower frontline staff to share information regarding communication and process inefficiencies to rapidly develop solutions. Hypothesis: A systematic process for recognition, evaluation, and transparent feedback would increase the use of problem-solving. Methods: A multidisciplinary team, led by a physician and nurse, developed an email strategy to let frontline staff identify problems in real-time and solve and spread this knowledge throughout the CVICU and Heart Center. Problems submitted were outside the scope of institutional patient safety reporting. Unless immediate attention was required, the SWARM team evaluated entries weekly. Entries were categorized as: 1) Useful information to share with ICU staff; 2) More information needed to be obtained and personnel consulted; or 3) A multidisciplinary task force needed to generate consensus and evidence-based guidelines. Solutions were shared with ICU staff via direct email and a monthly newsletter. After 6 months ICU staff were surveyed with 5 questions regarding awareness, utility, and ease of use of the SWARM process. Staff were resurveyed after re-education and institution of leadership walk-rounds. Rates of SWARM entries before and after re-education were compared using Fisher’s Exact Test for proportions.*p<.05 Results: Of the total 65 SWARM entries, 9% were level 1, 86% were level 2 and 5% were level 3. Entries were categorized into problem types and are shown in the Pareto Chart as percent of total(See Chart). Pre- and post- survey results indicated that staff awareness increased from 70% to 91% and staff understanding of utility increased from 57% to 75%. After re-education, use in CVICU increased by 417% (0.7/week to 2.9/week)*. The increased rate of use of the SWARM system has been sustained for 8 weeks post education. The current rate is 1.8/week. The top two Solutions by category were Re-Education (62%) and Practice Change (17%). Conclusions: A system was developed to better manage quality through real-time awareness of our performance. The formal creation of a standardized context for information sharing has resulted in a significant increase in the performance of problem-solving. This multidisciplinary effort allows for minimizing unnecessary variation in how quality improvement efforts are identified and performed.

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