scholarly journals Self-Organized Criticality on Twitter: Phenomenological Theory and Empirical Investigation Based on Data Analysis Results

Complexity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Dmitriev ◽  
Victor Dmitriev ◽  
Stepan Balybin
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Critical State ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Phenomenological Theory ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Stochastic Sources ◽  
Adiabatic Mode

Recently, there has been an increasing number of empirical evidence supporting the hypothesis that spread of avalanches of microposts on social networks, such as Twitter, is associated with some sociopolitical events. Typical examples of such events are political elections and protest movements. Inspired by this phenomenon, we built a phenomenological model that describes Twitter’s self-organization in a critical state. An external manifestation of this condition is the spread of avalanches of microposts on the network. The model is based on a fractional three-parameter self-organization scheme with stochastic sources. It is shown that the adiabatic mode of self-organization in a critical state is determined by the intensive coordinated action of a relatively small number of network users. To identify the critical states of the network and to verify the model, we have proposed a spectrum of three scaling indicators of the observed time series of microposts.

PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIUM: A VIEW FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE THEORY OF SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY

METOD ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 416-442
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Zhukov
Keyword(s):  
Social Systems ◽  
Punctuated Equilibrium ◽  
Computer Experiments ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Pink Noise ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

Punctuated equilibrium is regarded as the state of natural and social systems manifested in occasional intense, quick bursts of activity. Within the framework of the theory of self-organized criticality (SOC), punctuated equilibrium can be formalized as pink noise. SOC theory, having been developed by the end of 1980s, was originally intended to explain natural science phenomena. However, soon after its presentation, it began to spread across the social and humanitarian field of knowledge. Critical state is one on the brink of a bifurcation point. It turns out that some systems can stay in a state of permanent choice for a fairly long time. The author presents the examples of punctuated equilibrium revealed in computer experiments with artificial societies, as well as through empirical observation (particularly, in the dynamics of voting patterns, internet activity, and protest movements in the past and present). The key concepts of SOC theory and tools for pink noise identification are laid out. The sandpile model has been given special attention. Certain papers have been analyzed in which SOC theory was applied to gain some political science knowledge. According to SOC, in certain cases, there is no need to search for some significant extraordinary factor to shed light on explosive social transformations (including revolutions and other bursts of social and political activity). Social transformations can be induced by quite ordinary - and thus undistinguished - properties of systems, micro-level pro- cesses, and local impulses. SOC theory, therefore, refocuses the attention of researchers from the search for direct causes of events to the identification of states of the subject that generates these events.

SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY IN AN ASEXUAL MODEL?

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (06) ◽  
pp. 1257-1262 ◽  
Author(s):  
COLIN CHISHOLM ◽  
NAEEM JAN ◽  
PETER GIBBS ◽  
AYŞE ERZAN
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Critical Behavior ◽  
Critical State ◽  
Small Perturbations ◽  
Sandpile Model ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Search For Self ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

Recent work has shown that the distribution of steady state mutations for an asexual "bacteria" model has features similar to that seen in Self-Organized Critical (SOC) sandpile model of Bak et al. We investigate this coincidence further and search for "self-organized critical" state for bacteria but instead find that the SOC sandpile critical behavior is very sensitive; critical behavior is destroyed with small perturbations effectively when the absorption of sand is introduced. It is only in the limit when the length of the genome of the bacteria tends to infinity that SOC properties are recovered for the asexual model.

scholarly journals Self-Organized Criticality: Emergent Complex Behavior in PM10 Pollution

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi Kai ◽  
Liu Chun-Qiong ◽  
Li Si-Chuan
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Fluctuation Analysis ◽  
Good Prediction ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Invariant Structure ◽  
Dynamical Characteristics ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

We analyze long-term time series of daily average PM10 concentrations in Chengdu city. Detrended fluctuation analysis of the time series shows long range correlation at one-year temporal scale. Spectral analysis of the time series indicates 1/f noise behavior. The probability distribution functions of PM10 concentrations fluctuation have a scale-invariant structure. Why do the complex structures of PM10 concentrations evolution exhibit scale-invariant? We consider that these complex dynamical characteristics can be recognized as the footprint of self-organized criticality (SOC). Based on the theory of self-organized criticality, a simplified sandpile model for PM10 pollution with a nondimensional formalism is put forward. Our model can give a good prediction of scale-invariant in PM10 evolution. A qualitative explanation of the complex dynamics observed in PM10 evolution is suggested. The work supports the proposal that PM10 evolution acts as a SOC process on calm weather. New theory suggests one way to understand the origin of complex dynamical characteristics in PM10 pollution.

scholarly journals Online Rebellion: Self-Organized Criticality of Contemporary Protest Movements

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402092335
Author(s):  
Dmitry Zhukov ◽  
Konstantin Kunavin ◽  
Sergey Lyamin
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Protest Movements ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Mass Actions ◽  
Protest Activity

The theory of self-organized criticality (SOC) is applicable for explaining powerful surges of protest activity on social media. The objects of study were two protest clusters. The first was a set of Facebook groups that promoted the impeachment of the Brazilian president Dilma Rousseff. The second was a set of groups on the social network Vkontakte that provided support for anti-government rallies in Armenia, referred to as Electric Yerevan. Numerous groups in the examined clusters were functioning in SOC mode during certain periods. Those clusters were able to generate information avalanches—seemingly spontaneous, powerful surges of creation, transmission, and reproduction of information. The facts are presented that supported the assumptions that SOC effects in social networks are associated with mass actions on the streets, including violence. The observations of SOC make it possible to reveal certain periods when the course of a sociopolitical system is least stable.

scholarly journals Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si3N4 Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Bogatov ◽  
Podgursky ◽  
Vagiström ◽  
Yashin ◽  
Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Nanocrystalline Diamond ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Reciprocating Sliding ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

The paper investigates the variation of friction force (Fx) during reciprocating sliding tests on nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The analysis of the friction behavior during the run-in period is the focus of the study. The NCD films were grown using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) on single-crystalline diamond SCD(110) substrates. Reciprocating sliding tests were conducted under 500 and 2000 g of normal load using Si3N4 balls as a counter body. The friction force permanently varies during the test, namely Fx value can locally increase or decrease in each cycle of sliding. The distribution of friction force drops (dFx) was extracted from the experimental data using a specially developed program. The analysis revealed a power-law distribution f-µ of dFx for the early stage of the run-in with the exponent value (µ) in the range from 0.6 to 2.9. In addition, the frequency power spectrum of Fx time series follows power-law distribution f-α with α value in the range of 1.0–2.0, with the highest values (1.6–2.0) for the initial stage of the run-in. No power-law distribution of dFx was found for the later stage of the run-in and the steady-state periods of sliding with the exception for periods where a relatively extended decrease of coefficient of friction (COF) was observed. The asperity interlocking leads to the stick-slip like sliding at the early stage of the run-in. This tribological behavior can be related to the self-organized criticality (SOC). The emergence of dissipative structures at the later stages of the run-in, namely the formation of ripples, carbonaceous tribolayer, etc., can be associated with the self-organization (SO).

scholarly journals Resilience Design of Healthcare Resources Supply Network Based on Self-Organized Criticality

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Liang Geng ◽  
Renbin Xiao ◽  
Jie Chen
Keyword(s):  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Extremal Optimization ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Micro Level

The healthcare resources supply network design for resilience is an effective way to deal with uncertainty disruption. In this article we propose a model of supply network self-organization evolution, and establish self-organized criticality as a cause of cascade failure. Our main purpose is to keep the system in a resilient range, i.e., critical state. A network structural design with smaller degree distribution exponent can achieve better absorptive capacity at macro level. An interactive rule design with extremal optimization has better adaptive capacity at micro level. Using macro statistic and indicator micro performance indicator, we demonstrate that our design can slow the development to a supercritical state and can improve the resilience of the supply network.

scholarly journals Research on MAS-Based Supply Chain Resilience and Its Self-Organized Criticality

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Geng ◽  
Renbin Xiao ◽  
Xing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Neighborhood Structure ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

Building resilient supply chain is an effective way to deal with uncertain risks. First, by analyzing the self-organization of supply chain, the supply chain resilience is described as a macroscopic property that generates from self-organizing behavior of each enterprise on the microlevel. Second, a MAS-based supply chain resilience model is established and its local fitness function, neighborhood structure, and interaction rules that are applicable to supply chain system are designed through viewing the enterprise as an agent. Finally, with the help of a case, we find that there is an agglomeration effect and a SOC characteristic in supply chain and the evolution of supply chain is controlled by parameters of MAS. Managers can control the supply chain within the resilient range and choose a good balance between interest and risk by controlling enterprises’ behavior.

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