scholarly journals Association ofADRB2rs1042713 with Obesity and Obesity-Related Phenotypes and Its Interaction with Dietary Fat in Modulating Glycaemic Indices in Malaysian Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soma Roy Mitra ◽  
Pui Yee Tan ◽  
Farahnaz Amini
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Acid Intake

Gene-diet interaction studies have reported that individual variations in phenotypic traits may be due to variations in individual diet. Our study aimed to evaluate (i) the association ofADRB2rs1042713 with obesity and obesity-related metabolic parameters and (ii) the effect of dietary nutrients on these associations in Malaysian adults.ADRB2genotyping, dietary, physical activity, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected from 79 obese and 99 nonobese individuals. Logistic regression revealed no association betweenADRB2rs1042713 and obesity (p=0.725). However, the carriers of G allele (AG + GG genotypes) of rs1042713 were associated with increased odds of insulin resistance, 2.83 (CI = 1.04–7.70, adjustedp=0.042), in the dominant model, even after adjusting for potential confounders. Obese individuals carrying the G allele were associated with higher total cholesterol (p=0.011), LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.008), and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (p=0.048), compared to the noncarriers (AA), even after adjusting for potential confounders. Irrespective of obesity, the carriers of GG genotype had significantly lower fasting glucose levels with low saturated fatty acid intake (<7.3% of TE/day) (4.92 ± 0.1 mmol/L vs 5.80 ± 0.3 mmol/L,p=0.011) and high intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid:saturated fatty acid ratio (≥0.8/day) (4.83 ± 0.1 mmol/L vs 5.93 ± 0.4 mmol/L,p=0.006). Moreover, the carriers of GG genotype with high polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (≥6% of TE/day) had significantly lower HOMA-IR (1.5 ± 0.3 vs 3.0 ± 0.7,p=0.026) and fasting insulin levels (6.8 ± 1.6 µU/mL vs 11.4 ± 2.1 µU/mL,p=0.036). These effects were not found in the noncarriers (AA). In conclusion, G allele carriers ofADRB2rs1042713 were associated with increased odds of insulin resistance. Obese individuals carrying G allele were compromised with higher blood lipid levels. Although it is premature to report gene-diet interaction on the regulation of glucose and insulin levels in Malaysians, we suggest that higher quantity of PUFA-rich food sources in regular diet may benefit overweight and obese Malaysian adults metabolically. Large-scale studies are required to replicate and confirm the current findings in the Malaysian population.

scholarly journals Modeled replacement of traditional soybean and canola oil with high-oleic varieties increases monounsaturated fatty acid and reduces both saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake in the US adult population

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan K Raatz ◽  
Zach Conrad ◽  
Lisa Jahns ◽  
Martha A Belury ◽  
Matthew J Picklo
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
High Oleic ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
The Us ◽  
Age And Sex

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND High-oleic (HO) seed oils are being introduced as replacements for trans fatty acid (TFA)–containing fats and oils. Negative health effects associated with TFAs led to their removal from the US Generally Recognized As Safe list. HO oils formulated for use in food production may result in changes in fatty acid intake at population levels. Objectives The purposes of this study were to 1) identify major food sources of soybean oil (SO) and canola oil (CO), 2) estimate effects of replacing SO and CO with HO varieties on fatty acid intake overall and by age and sex strata, and 3) compare predicted intakes with the Dietary Reference Intakes and Adequate Intakes (AIs) for the essential fatty acids (EFAs) α-linolenic acid (ALA) and linoleic acid (LA). Design Food and nutrient intakes from NHANES waves 2007–2008, 2009–2010, 2011–2012, and 2013–2014 in 21,029 individuals aged ≥20 y were used to model dietary changes. We estimated the intake of fatty acid with the replacement of HO-SO and HO-CO for commodity SO and CO at 10%, 25%, and 50% and evaluated the potential for meeting the AI at these levels. RESULTS Each modeling scenario decreased saturated fatty acids (SFAs), although intakes remained greater than recommended for all age and sex groups. Models of all levels increased the intake of total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), especially oleic acid, and decreased the intake of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly LA and ALA. Replacement of traditional with HO oils at 25–50% places specific adult age and sex groups at risk of not meeting the AI for LA and ALA. Conclusions The replacement of traditional oils with HO varieties will increase MUFA intake and reduce both SFA and PUFA intakes, including EFAs, and may place specific age and sex groups at risk of inadequate LA and ALA intake.

scholarly journals Total Long-Chain n-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Food Sources in the United States Compared to Recommended Intakes: NHANES 2003–2008

Lipids ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 917-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chesney K. Richter ◽  
Kate J. Bowen ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
Penny M. Kris-Etherton ◽  
Ann C. Skulas-Ray
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Totaln-3 fatty acid and SFA intakes in relation to insulin resistance in a Canadian First Nation at risk for the development of type 2 diabetes

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1337-1341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Paquet ◽  
Sarah L Propsting ◽  
Mark Daniel
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
High Risk ◽  
First Nation ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake

AbstractObjectiveThe present study sought to investigate the associations of totaln-3 fatty acid and SFA intakes with insulin resistance in a Canadian First Nation sample at risk for type 2 diabetes.DesignFasting values for glucose and insulin were used to estimate insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Intakes ofn-3 fatty acids and SFA were computed from dietary food and drink data obtained using 3 d food records. Associations between HOMA-IR and dietaryn-3 and SFA consumption were tested using linear regression models accounting for age, sex, community, education, physical activity, waist circumference, fibre, protein and carbohydrate intakes, and HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations.SettingRural Okanagan region of British Columbia, Canada.SubjectsOn-reserve First Nation individuals (Interior Salishan) aged 18 years and over, recruited for community-based diabetes screening and determined to be normoglycaemic (n126).ResultsHOMA-IR was negatively associated with dietaryn-3 fatty acid intake (β= −0·22; 95 % CI −0·39, −0·04;P= 0·016) and positively associated with dietary SFA intake (β= 0·34; 95 % CI 0·15, 0·53;P= 0·0 0 1).ConclusionsIntake of dietaryn-3 fatty acids may be protective against whereas SFA intake may promote insulin resistance in this high-risk Canadian First Nation sample. Reduced dietary SFA intake and greatern-3 fatty acid intake may assist the prevention of glycaemic disease among First Nations peoples. More rigorous, controlled trials are required to test whether dietary supplementation withn-3 fatty acids in natural or supplement-based form might reduce diabetes risk in high-risk aboriginal groups.

CD36 and DGAT2 facilitates the lipid-lowering effect of chitooligosaccharides via fatty acid intake and triglyceride synthesis signaling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Xinyi Liang ◽  
Xiaoguo Ji ◽  
Jiangshan You ◽  
Xinye Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Triglyceride Synthesis ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Lowering Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lipid Lowering Effect

This study examined the impact of chitobiose (GlcN)2 and chitotriose (GlcN)3 on lipid accumulation modification and its inhibitory functionality. (GlcN)2 and (GlcN)3 was found to significantly inhibit the total cholesterol...

scholarly journals Polyunsaturated fatty acid intake is adversely related to liver function in HIV-infected subjects: the THUSA study

2006 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 1193-1198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Welma Oosthuizen ◽  
Averalda van Graan ◽  
Annamarie Kruger ◽  
Hester H Vorster
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake

FADS gene variants modulate the effect of dietary fatty acid intake on allergic diseases in children

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 1757-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Standl ◽  
S. Sausenthaler ◽  
E. Lattka ◽  
S. Koletzko ◽  
C.-P. Bauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Gene Variants ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid Intake
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