scholarly journals A Case of Lung Adenocarcinoma Originating from an Old Posttraumatic Scar in a Young Patient

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ahmed ◽  
Hassaan Yasin ◽  
Hesham E. Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Pulmonary Contusion ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy

A relationship between lung scarring and cancer has been recognized for many decades but more evidence is needed to strengthen this association. A 34-year-old nonsmoker male with a history of left lower lobe lung scar secondary to a pulmonary contusion from a motor vehicle accident in 2012 was admitted with shortness of breath and cough. A computed tomography (CT) angiography of the chest demonstrated bilateral pulmonary emboli, left lower lobe mass, left lung septal thickening, and mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A CT-guided biopsy of the mass was performed, and pathology was consistent with lung adenocarcinoma. Staging work-up revealed a widely metastatic disease. The patient developed severe complications requiring hospitalization after the first cycle of chemotherapy and subsequently passed away. Lung scar carcinoma originates around peripheral scars resulting from a variety of infections, injuries, and lung diseases. It has poor prognosis because it metastasizes from relatively small lesions. Our case further endorses that lung scarring can potentially lead to the development of cancer. Furthermore, we want to highlight the need to conduct studies to determine if monitoring this patient population with periodic imaging can have a survival benefit.

scholarly journals Synchronous BALT Lymphoma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: Coincidence or Linkage?

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Oikonomou ◽  
Emanuelle Astrinakis ◽  
Ioannis Kotsianidis ◽  
Vassiliki Kaloutsi ◽  
Vassileios Didilis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Cell Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Guided Biopsy ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
Balt Lymphoma

A 72-year-old man presented with weight loss, fever, and malaise. Chest radiograph and CT revealed two large ill-defined masses in middle and left lower lobes. CT-guided biopsy of left lower lobe mass disclosed bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) lymphoma. Middle lobe mass was considered second deposit in contralateral lung. The patient received chemotherapy for BALT. Followup CT disclosed regression of left lower lobe mass and stability of middle-lobe mass and of right paratracheal lymph nodes. CT-guided biopsy of middle-lobe mass revealed squamous cell lung carcinoma. Surgical biopsy of right paratracheal lymph nodes revealed malignancy. Disease was staged T3, N2, and M0. Combined chemotherapy for lung cancer and BALT lymphoma was initiated.

scholarly journals Thoracic Splenosis Mimicking Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
Nalinikumari Gandhe
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumor ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Somatostatin Receptors ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Neoplasm Metastases ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Mesenteric Root ◽  
Gallium 68 ◽  
Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor

A 64-year-old man presented with abdominal pain. CT scan showed a 5mm left ureter stone, mesenteric root mass as well as a left lung pleuralbased lesion. Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) was suspected, hence a Gallium-68 Dotatate PET was performed. It showed intense uptake in the mesenteric mass, as well as in the pleural nodule, and no intense uptake in the liver. The liver is the most common site for small bowel NET metastasis. It is unusual to have pleural metastasis without liver metastasis. A review of this patient’s past medical history revealed a motor vehicle accident 20 years ago which required an exploratory laparotomy and splenectomy. Gallium 68 Dotatate PET scan can detect splenosis because it has somatostatin receptors. In patients with an existing neoplasm, metastases should be ruled out before confirming the diagnosis of splenosis. CT-guided biopsy of pleura nodule was performed, which confirmed the diagnosis of splenosis.

scholarly journals All that is Miliary is not tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Vijetha s. ◽  
Samanvitha V ◽  
Ramu M. ◽  
Satish chandra k. ◽  
Prasad CN
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Metastasis ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Pet Scan ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
Lung Mass ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Lung Cancers

Miliary pattern on radiographs are attributed always to tuberculosis even though the differential diagnoses of miliary pattern is very wide. This pattern is most commonly caused by infectious diseases and rarely by malignancies. Primary lung cancers presenting with miliary shadows is extremely rare. Here we report a case of 50-year old female, presenting with 15 days of symptoms and CXR PA view showing bilateral diffuse miliary nodules. HRCT Chest confirmed the miliary pattern and also showed a mass in left lower lobe. Microbiological tests for tuberculosis and fungal infections were negative. CECT Chest gave impression of left lower lobe suspected malignant lung mass with pulmonary metastasis. Malignancy was confirmed by CT guided FNAC as Adenocarcinoma lung. PET scan didnot reveal metastasis in other organs. CONCLUSION : Miliary pattern does not always indicate tuberculosis and other possibilities should be evaluated.

Ectopic spleen presenting as a slowly enlarging lung nodule in the right lower lobe following gastric pull up operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e237912
Author(s):  
Anas Alfahad ◽  
Rima Hussain ◽  
Mamatha Devaraj ◽  
Alexandr Svec
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Oesophageal Cancer ◽  
Lung Nodule ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Ectopic Spleen ◽  
Guided Biopsy ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Gastric Pull Up

This is a case report of an elderly man who was investigated at our respiratory clinic for slowly enlarging right lower lobe lung nodule on the background of oesophageal cancer diagnosed more than 11 years ago with gastric pull up. CT guided biopsy confirms the diagnosis of intrathoracic ectopic spleen.

Breathing frequency responses to pulmonary CO2 in an isolated lobe of the canine lung

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Nilsestuen ◽  
R. L. Coon ◽  
F. O. Igler ◽  
E. J. Zuperku ◽  
J. P. Kampine
Keyword(s):  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Stretch Receptor ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Breathing Frequency ◽  
Frequency Responses ◽  
Mechanical Effects ◽  
Frequency Changes ◽  
The Right

Recent studies have indicated that the breathing frequency responses to inspired CO2 in part result from changes in pulmonary stretch receptor activity. Pulmonary CO2 may alter frequency by direct inhibition of stretch receptor discharge, or secondarily, by changes in airway mechanics. The vascularly isolated left lower lobe (LLL) of the canine lung was used to determine the effect of hypocapnic airway constriction on the pulmonary CO2 reflex. The upper and middle lobes of the left lung were removed and the right vagus nerve sectioned. Blood was recirculated through the LLL. Diaphragm electromyogram was used as an index of respiratory center activity and to trigger ventilation of the left lower lobe. Lobar hypocapnia increased peak airway pressure and reduced respiratory rate. However, infusion of isoproterenol or the use of a mechanical overflow system to block the airway pressure response prevented the frequency changes associated with CO2. Although both the direct and mechanical effects of CO2 on stretch receptors may contribute to the reflex, in the LLL preparation the mechanical effects predominate.

scholarly journals A Case of Pulmonary Metastasis of Breast Cancer 23 Years after Surgery Accompanied with Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterium Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1357-1363
Author(s):  
Yuki Yabuuchi ◽  
Takayuki Nakagawa ◽  
Masaki Shimanouchi ◽  
Shingo Usui ◽  
Kenji Hayashihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Thoracoscopic Surgery ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Node ◽  
Wedge Resection ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Mycobacterium Infection ◽  
Er Positive ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

Recurrence of oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer rarely occurs postoperatively after a long period. Breast cancer cells survive and settle in distant organs in a dormant state, a phenomenon known as “tumour dormancy.” Here, we present a 66-year-old woman with recurrence of ER-positive breast cancer in the left lung 23 years after surgery accompanied with non-tuberculous mycobacterium infection (NTM). At the age of 43 years, the patient underwent a right mastectomy and adjuvant hormonotherapy to completely cure breast cancer. Twenty-three years after the operation, when the patient was 66 years old, computed tomography presented nodular shadows in the lower lobes bilaterally with bronchiectasis and ill-defined satellite tree-in-bud nodules. <i>Mycobacterium intracellulare</i> was detected in cultured bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from the left lower lobe by bronchoscopy. Rifampicin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin were started, which resulted in shrinkage of the nodule in the right lower lobe and satellite nodules; however, the nodule in the left lower lobe increased in size gradually. Wedge resection of the left lower lobe containing the nodule by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was performed, which demonstrated that the nodule was adenocarcinoma in intraoperative pathological diagnosis; therefore, a left lower lobectomy and mediastinal lymph node dissection were performed. The tumour was revealed to be consistent with recurrence of previous breast cancer according to its morphology and immunohistochemical staining. Furthermore, caseous epithelioid cell granulomas existed in the periphery of the tumour. It is reported that inflammatory cytokines induce reawakening of dormant oestrogen-dependent breast cancer and, in our case, NTM infection might have stimulated the dormant tumour cells in the lower lobe.

Cryptogenic organising pneumonia: an unusual cause of pleuritic chest pain

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e238514
Author(s):  
Rebecca Ceci Bonello ◽  
Etienne Ceci Bonello ◽  
Christian Vassallo ◽  
Edward Giles Bellia
Keyword(s):  
Chest Pain ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
White Cell Count ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Pleuritic Chest Pain ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Atypical Pathogens ◽  
Ct Guided Biopsy ◽  
The Right

A 76-year-old woman presented with a 2-hour history of pleuritic chest pain with no other associated symptoms. Blood investigations revealed raised inflammatory markers and an elevated white cell count. On chest radiograph, an airspace shadow indicative of a consolidation was prominent. This was followed by a CT scan of her thorax which showed a spiculated lesion in the right upper lobe, a lesion in the posterior segment of the left lower lobe and mildly enlarged right hilar lymph nodes. She was started on dual antibiotic therapy; however, the patient’s clinical status and inflammatory markers did not improve. A bronchoscopy was performed which excluded malignancy and atypical pathogens. CT-guided biopsy confirmed the presence of cryptogenic organising pneumonia. Prednisolone 50 mg daily was prescribed with quick resolution of symptoms.

scholarly journals The first report of co-existence of pulmonary tuberculosis and lung malignancy in a kidney transplant recipient: a case report and literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Fang ◽  
Ning-Chang Cheng ◽  
Li-Li Huang ◽  
Wei-Ping Xie ◽  
Chun-Mei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Transplant ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lung Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Transthoracic Needle Biopsy ◽  
Ct Guided ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Clinical Awareness

Abstract Background Along with the medical development, organ transplant patients increase dramatically. Since these transplant patients take immunosuppressants for a long term, their immune functions are in a suppressed state, prone to all kinds of opportunistic infections and cancer. However, it is rarely reported that the kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) have pulmonary tuberculosis and lung cancer simultaneously. Case presentation A 60-year-old male was admitted because of persistent lung shadow for 2 years without any obvious symptom 8 years after renal transplant. T-SPOT test was positive but other etiological examinations for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were negative. Chest CT scan revealed two pulmonary lesions in the right upper and lower lobe respectively. 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) CT found FDG intake increased in both pulmonary consolidation lesions. CT-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy revealed lung adenocarcinoma and tuberculosis. The video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery was operated to resect the malignancy lesions. The patient received specific anti-tuberculosis therapy and was discharged. At the follow-up of 6 months post drug withdrawal, the patient was recovered very well. Conclusions We for the first time reported co-existence of smear-negative pulmonary TB and lung adenocarcinoma in a KTR, which highlighted the clinical awareness of co-occurrence of TB and malignancy after renal transplant and emphasized the value of biopsy and 18F-FDG-PET in early diagnosis of TB and cancer.

scholarly journals Performances of Clinical Characteristics and Radiological Findings in Identifying COVID- 19 From Suspected Cases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuanxuan Li ◽  
Yajing Zhao ◽  
Yiping Lu ◽  
Yingyan Zheng ◽  
Nan Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Left Lower Lobe ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Multifocal Lesions ◽  
Wbc Count

Abstract Background: To identify effective factors and establish a model to distinguish COVID-19 patients from suspected cases.Methods: The clinical characteristics, laboratory results and initial chest CT findings of suspected COVID-19 patients in 3 institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to identify significant features. A nomogram was constructed, with calibration validated internally and externally.Results: 239 patients from 2 institutions were enrolled in the primary cohort including 157 COVID-19 and 82 non-COVID-19 patients. 11 features were included for multivariate logistic regression analysis after LASSO selection. We found that the COVID-19 group are more likely to have fever (OR, 4.22), contact history (OR, 284.73), lower WBC count (OR, 0.63), left lower lobe involvement (OR, 9.42), multifocal lesions (OR, 8.98), pleual thickening (OR, 5.59), peripheral distribution (OR, 0.09), and less mediastinal lymphadenopathy (OR, 0.037). The nomogram developed accordingly for clinical practice showed satisfactory internal and external validation. Conclusions: In conclusion, fever, contact history, decreased WBC count, left lower lobe involvement, pleural thickening, multifocal lesions, peripheral distribution and absence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy are able to distinguish COVID-19 patients from other suspected patients. The corresponding nomogram is a useful tool in clinical practice.

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