scholarly journals Effects of Training for Finger Perception on Functional Recovery of Hemiplegic Upper Limbs in Acute Stroke Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Naho Umeki ◽  
Jun Murata ◽  
Misako Higashijima
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Pressure Threshold ◽  
Sensory Training ◽  
Experimental Group

Background. Stroke causes severe disability, including motor and sensory impairments. We hypothesized that upper limb functional recovery after stroke may be augmented by combining treatments for motor and sensory functions. In order to examine this hypothesis, we conducted a controlled trial on rehabilitation for sensory function to the plegic hand. Methods. The sensory training program consisted of several types of discrimination tasks performed under blind conditions. The sensory training program was performed for 20 min per day, 5 days a week. An experimental group of 31 patients followed this sensory program, while a control group of 25 patients underwent standard rehabilitation. The efficacy of the intervention was evaluated by the tactile-pressure threshold, handgrip strength, and the completion time of manipulating objects. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to assess interactions between group and time. Moreover, to provide a meaningful analysis for comparisons, effect sizes were calculated using Cohen’s d. Results. The mean change in the tactile pressure threshold was significantly larger in the experimental group than in the control group (p<0.05, d=0.59). Moreover, the completion times to manipulate a middle-sized ball (d=0.53) and small ball (d=0.80) and a small metal disc (d=0.81) in the experimental group were significantly different from those in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion. The present results suggest that the sensory training program to enhance finger discrimination ability contributes to improvements in not only sensory function but also manual function in stroke patients. The trial is registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000032025).

scholarly journals Effect of a 6-Week Weighted Baseball Throwing Program on Pitch Velocity, Pitching Arm Biomechanics, Passive Range of Motion, and Injury Rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Reinold ◽  
Leonard C. Macrina ◽  
Glenn S. Fleisig ◽  
Kyle Aune ◽  
James R. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
External Rotation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Shoulder External Rotation ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Emphasis on enhancing baseball pitch velocity has become popular, especially through weighted-ball throwing. However, little is known about the physical effects or safety of these programs. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of training with weighted baseballs on pitch velocity, passive range of motion (PROM), muscle strength, elbow torque, and injury rates. Hypothesis: A 6-week weighted ball training program would result in a change in pitching biomechanical and physical characteristics. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Level of Evidence: Level 1. Methods: During the baseball offseason, 38 healthy baseball pitchers were randomized into a control group and an experimental group. Pitch velocity, shoulder and elbow PROM, shoulder strength, elbow varus torque, and shoulder internal rotation velocity were measured in both groups. The experimental group then performed a 6-week weighted ball throwing program 3 times per week using balls ranging from 2 to 32 ounces while the control group only used a 5-ounce regulation baseball. Both groups performed a strength training program. Measurements were then repeated after the 6-week period. Injuries were tracked over the 6-week training program and the subsequent baseball season. The effect of training with a weighted ball program was assessed using 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance at an a priori significance level of P < 0.05. Results: Mean age, height, mass, and pretesting throwing velocity were 15.3 ± 1.2 years (range, 13-18 years), 1.73 ± 0.28 m, 68.3 ± 11 kg, and 30.3 ± 0.7 m/s, respectively. Pitch velocity showed a statistically significant increase (3.3%) in the experimental group ( P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase of 4.3° of shoulder external rotation in the experimental group. The overall injury rate was 24% in the experimental group. Four participants in the experimental group suffered elbow injuries, 2 during the training program and 2 in the season after training. No pitchers in the control group were injured at any time during the study. Conclusion: Performing a 6-week weighted ball throwing program increased pitch velocity. However, the program resulted in increased shoulder external rotation PROM and increased injury rate. Clinical Relevance: Although weighted-ball training may increase pitch velocity, caution is warranted because of the notable increase in injuries and physical changes observed in this cohort.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Abdominal and Gluteus Medius Training in Lumbo-pelvic Stability and Adductor Strength in Women Soccer Players. A Randomized Controlled Study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Héctor Guerrero-Tapia ◽  
Rodrigo Martín-Baeza ◽  
Rubén Cuesta-Barriuso
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gluteus Medius ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Limb Injuries ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background: Abdominal and lumbo-pelvic stability alterations may origin lower limb injuries, such as for example adductor pathology in soccer players. Imbalance can be caused by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Methods: This randomized controlled trial conducted over an 8-week period included 25 female footballers randomly allocated to an experimental group (isometric abdominal training and gluteus medius-specific training) or a control group (isometric abdominal training). The exercise protocol in common for both groups included three exercises: Plank, Lateral plank and Bird dog. Specific exercises for the gluteus medius were: Pelvic drop and Stabilization of the gluteus medius in knee valgus. Outcome measures were lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength.Results. Lumbo-pelvic stability after surgery was higher in the control group (MD: 4.84 vs MD: 9.58; p < .01) with differences in the analysis of repeated measures (p<.001), but not in group interaction (p =.26). Changes were found in adductor strength in the experimental group (MD: -2.48; p<.001 in the left adductor; MD: -1.48; p<.01 in right adductor) and control group (MD: -1.68; p<.001 in the left adductor; MD: -2.05; p<.001 in the right adductor) after the intervention, with differences in the analysis of repeated measures in left (p<.001) and right (p<.001) adductor strength.Conclusions. An abdominal and gluteal training protocol shows no advantage over a protocol of abdominal training alone for lumbo-pelvic stability and adductor strength and flexibility, while improvements are maintained at four weeks follow-up. Trial Registration Number: NCT03617887.

scholarly journals Effects of the Nursing Therapeutics Program for Facilitating Patient Transition (NTPFPT) on Subjective Well-Being, Role Mastery, and Relationships’ Well-Being among Adult Stroke Patients in Bandung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 460-475
Author(s):  
Cecep Eli KOSASIH ◽  
Busakorn PUNTHMATHARITH ◽  
Umaporn BOONYASOPUN
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Role Mastery ◽  
Experimental Group

This quasi-experimental, repeated measures design was used to examine the effects of the nursing therapeutics program for facilitating patient transition (NTPFPT) on subjective well-being, role mastery, and relationships’ well-being among adult patients who suffered from stroke in Indonesia. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the sample. The control group (n = 42) received the routine care, while the experimental group (n = 42) received the NTPFPT and routine care. The data were collected using 1) the subjective well-being inventory, 2) the role function mode, and 3) the brief family relationship scale. The Chronbach’s alpha coefficients of questionnaires 1 - 3 were .89, .77 and .89, respectively. Descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOWA, and t-test were used to analyze the data. The results revealed that significant differences of the mean scores of subjective well-being, role mastery and relationships’ well-being were found between the control and experimental groups (p < .000) and between three times (e.g., Day 3 of hospitalization, T1; one day before discharge, T2; and one month after discharge, T3) within group (p < .000). Significant differences between all three pair wise comparisons of these three variables were found in the experimental group (p < .000) while, two pair wise comparisons showed significant differences in the control group. The mean scores of the three variables in the experimental group measured at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .000) whereas those of measured at T1 showed no significant differences between two groups (p > .05). Thus, it is appropriate for nurses to provide the NTPFPT to stroke patients and families. The results revealed that significant differences of the mean scores of subjective well-being, role mastery and well-being of relationships were found between the control and experimental groups (p < .000) and between three times (e.g., Day 3 of hospitalization, T1; one day before discharge, T2; and one month after discharge, T3)within group (p < .000).Significant differences between all three pair wise comparisons of these three variables were found in the experimental group (p < .000) whereas in the control group, only two pair wise comparisons were significant differences. The mean scores of the three variables in the experimental group measured at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .000) whereas those of measured at T1 were non significant differences between two groups (p > .05). Thus, it is appropriate for nurses to provide the NTPFPT to stroke patients and families.

scholarly journals The development and effect of risk sensitivity improvement program for driver

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Soonyeol Lee
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Education Program ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Risk Sensitivity ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Risk Sensitive ◽  
Sensitivity Level ◽  
Sensitivity Improvement ◽  
Experimental Group

This study developed Risk Sensitivity Improvement program for Driver. A driver 62 people were developing a training program which can improve risk sensitivity factors was verified its effectiveness. By separating the driver from the control group and the experimental group populations was performed education program training a session, when compared to the risk sensitivity level before and 2 weeks after training showed significant improvements in risk sensitivity. The degree of risk sensitivity is improved risk sensitivity(Risk Sensitivity: RS) measure item were verified by. Risk sensitivity measure item was measured part of the risk perception and emotional anxiety. Control group and experimental group risk sensitivity level prior to performing risk sensitivity enhancement training program showed the same level. Repeated measures ANOVA and paired sample results to verify the effectiveness of using the t-test, the experimental group performed improving the risk sensitivity of a single session education program showed significant improvement in risk-sensitive than the control group. The risk-sensitive development programs through improved education could verify that it can be an effective training program that can make a difference in risk driving behavior of the driver.

Improvement of Hand Motor Function after Radial Shock Wave Therapy in Chronic Stroke Patients

2018 ◽  
pp. 2-12
Author(s):  
M Kamaluddin ◽  
Erna Setiawati ◽  
Tanti Ajoe Kesoema
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hand Function ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: The Radial Shock Wave Therapy (RSWT) expected could improve spasticity and hand function in chronic stroke patients. This study aimed to find out the improvement of hand function after RSWT as an additional therapy in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Design study was a randomized controlled trial. The patients were assigned randomly to the experimental group (Infrared, Stretching, and RSWT) and control group (Infrared and Stretching) for six weeks. Hand motor function was measured using Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment (FMA) before and after intervention. Conclusion: There were improvement of wrist and hand FMA scores in the experimental as well as control group Results: Median of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group before intervention were 2 and 3 respectively whereas median of wrist FMA scores in the experimental and control group after intervention were 5 and 4 respectively. Median of hand FMA scores in the experimental and control group before intervention were 4 and 4 respectively whereas median of hand FMA scores in the control and experimental group after intervention were 6 and 5 respectively. The scores of wrist- hand FMA in the control and experimental group after intervention were increased P = 0.001P < 0.001 (wrist) and P = 0.001 P < 0.001 (hand) respectively. However, difference increased of wrist and hand FMA scores in the experimental group after intervention were more significant. Keywords: Spasticity, Hand Function, Stroke, Radial Shock Therapy, Fugl-Meyer Motor Assesment

Long-term Effectiveness and Adoption of a Cellphone Augmented Reality System for Stroke Rehabilitation: Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jia ◽  
Chong Li ◽  
Xinyu Song ◽  
Shugeng Chen ◽  
Chuankai Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Augmented Reality System ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Experimental Group

BACKGROUND A serious game-based Cellphone Augmented Reality System (CARS) was developed for rehabilitation of stroke patients, which is portable, convenient, and suitable for self-training. OBJECTIVE The present research aimed to study the effectiveness of CARS in improving upper limb motor function and cognition function of stroke patients via conducting a long-term randomized controlled trial and analyze the patient’s acceptance of the proposed system. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial was performed with 30 post-stroke, sub-acute phase patients. All patients in both the experimental group (n=15) and the control group (n=15) performed a 1-hour session of therapy each day, 5 days per week, for 2 weeks. Patients in the experimental group received 30 minutes of rehabilitation training with CARS and 30 minutes of conventional occupational therapy (OT) each session, while patients in the control group received conventional OT for the full 1 hour each session. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Upper Extremity subscale (FMA-UE), Action Research Arm Test (ARAT), Manual Muscle Test (MMT), Brunnstrom Stage (BS), and Barthel Index (BI) were used to assess motor function, and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Add VS Sub (AVS), and Stroop Game (SG) were used to assess cognitive function before and after the 2-week treatment period. In addition, the User Satisfaction Evaluation Questionnaire (USEQ) was used to reflect the patients’ acceptance of the system in the experimental group after the final intervention. RESULTS All the assessment scores of the experimental group and control group were significantly improved after intervention (p＜0.05). The experimental group’s score of FMA-UE and ARAT increased by 11.47 and 5.86 respectively after intervention, which were both significantly higher than the increase of the control group (p＜0.01). Similarly, the score of AVS and SG in the experimental group increased by 7.53 and 6.83 respectively after the intervention, which was also higher than the control group (p＜0.01). The evaluation of the adoption of this system has three sub-dimensions. In terms of accessibility, the patients reported a mean score of 4.27±0.704 for the enjoyment of their experience with the system, 4.33±0.816 for success to use the system, 4.67±0.617 for the ability to control the system. In terms of comfort, the patients reported 4.40±0.737 for clear information provided by the system, 4.40±0.632 for comfort. In terms of acceptability, the patients reported 4.27±0.884 for usefulness in their rehabilitation, 4.67±0.617 for agreeing with CARS as a suitable tool for home-based rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS CARS and conventional OT together-based rehabilitation were more effective in improving both upper limb motor function and cognition function as compared with conventional OT. Due to the low cost, and ease of use, CARS is also potentially suitable for home-based rehabilitation. CLINICALTRIAL The Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1800017568).

scholarly journals Comparison of Aquatic Therapy vs. Dry Land Therapy to Improve Mobility of Chronic Stroke Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagrario Pérez-de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Therapy Group ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Aquatic Therapy ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Single Leg Stance ◽  
Experimental Group

One of the most serious and disabling problems of stroke is pain and a decrease in balance, with the consequent increased risk of falls. The aim of the randomized controlled trial study was to compare the efficacy of three different treatment proposals to improve pain, gait, and balance in chronic stroke patients. Forty patients diagnosed with stroke were divided into three groups: the dry-land therapy group (control group) received sessions that included walking exercises and trunk mobility. The experimental group received Ai Chi aquatic therapy, and the combined group received alternating dry-land therapy sessions and Ai Chi aquatic therapy. The measurement instruments used were: the Tinetti balance and gait scale, the visual analog scale (VAS), 360° turn, single leg stance, and the 30-s stand test (CS-30). After twelve weeks of treatment, the results were significantly better for the combined therapy group and the experimental group compared to the dry-land therapy group (p < 0.01) in the VAS scale, CS-30, and 360° turn, although improvements were also found in the evaluations carried out in the aquatic therapy group. In total, for the Tinetti scale and single-leg stance, the differences between the groups were evident, although not statistically significant (p = 0.001). Aquatic therapy with Ai Chi and the combination of aquatic therapy with dry-land therapy was effective in improving pain, balance, and gait in patients with chronic stroke, thus improving their functional capacity and quality of life.

scholarly journals Can FES-augmented active cycling training improve locomotion in post-acute elderly stroke patients?

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Peri ◽  
Emilia Ambrosini ◽  
Alessandra Pedrocchi ◽  
Giancarlo Ferrigno ◽  
Claudia Nava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Group Effect ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Training Dose ◽  
Clinical Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Cycling Training

Recent studies advocated the use of active cycling coupled with functional electrical stimulation to induce neuroplasticity and enhance functional improvements in stroke adult patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether the benefits induced by such a treatment are superior to standard physiotherapy. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial has been performed on post-acute elderly stroke patients. Patients underwent FES-augmented cycling training combined with voluntary pedaling or standard physiotherapy. The intervention consisted of fifteen 30-minutes sessions carried out within 3 weeks. Patients were evaluated before and after training, through functional scales, gait analysis and a voluntary pedaling test. Results were compared with an age-matched healthy group. Sixteen patients completed the training. After treatment, a general improvement of all clinical scales was obtained for both groups. Only the mechanical efficiency highlighted a group effect in favor of the experimental group. Although a group effect was not found for any other cycling or gait parameters, the experimental group showed a higher percentage of change with respect to the control group (e.g. the gait velocity was improved of 35.4% and 25.4% respectively, and its variation over time was higher than minimal clinical difference for the experimental group only). This trend suggests that differences in terms of motor recovery between the two groups may be achieved increasing the training dose. In conclusion, this study, although preliminary, showed that FES-augmented active cycling training seems to be effective in improving cycling and walking ability in post-acute elderly stroke patients. A higher sample size is required to confirm results.

Long-Lasting Effects of a New Memory Self-efficacy Training for Stroke Patients

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurien Aben ◽  
Majanka H. Heijenbrok-Kal ◽  
Rudolf W. H. M. Ponds ◽  
Jan J. V. Busschbach ◽  
Gerard M. Ribbers
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Psychological Quality Of Life

Background and purpose. This study aims to determine the long-term effects of a new Memory Self-efficacy (MSE) training program for stroke patients on MSE, depression, and quality of life. Methods. In a randomized controlled trial, patients were allocated to a MSE training or a peer support group. Outcome measures were MSE, depression, and quality of life, measured with the Metamemory-In-Adulthood questionnaire, Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Who-Qol Bref questionnaire, respectively. We used linear mixed models to compare the outcomes of both groups immediately after training, after 6 months, and after 12 months, adjusted for baseline. Results. In total, 153 former inpatients from 2 rehabilitation centers were randomized—77 to the experimental and 76 to the control group. MSE increased significantly more in the experimental group and remained significantly higher than in the control group after 6 and 12 months (B = 0.42; P = .010). Psychological quality of life also increased more in the experimental group but not significantly (B = 0.09; P = .077). However, in the younger subgroup of patients (<65 years old), psychological quality of life significantly improved in the experimental group compared to the control group and remained significantly higher over time (B = 0.14; P = .030). Other outcome measures were not significantly different between both groups. Conclusions. An MSE training program improved MSE and psychological quality of life in stroke patients aged <65 years. These effects persisted during 12 months of follow-up.

scholarly journals Effect of Customized Insoles on Gait in Post-Stroke Hemiparetic Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Jie Wang ◽  
Lei Qiao ◽  
Long Yu ◽  
Yanmin Wang ◽  
Redha Taiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Experimental Group

Background: Insoles have been widely applied to many diseases, but stroke involves complex problems and there is a paucity of research on the application of insoles in stroke patients. Aim: To evaluate the effect of customized insoles on gait in patients with hemiplegia. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Setting: Rehabilitation department of a hospital. Population: A total of 50 stroke patients were randomized into an experimental group (n = 25) or a control group (n = 25). Methods: Both groups received conventional gait training, which was conducted five times a week, every 40 min for four weeks and patients in the experimental group were required to wear customized insoles for at least 1 h per day for four weeks. The primary outcome measure was the Tinetti Gait Scale (TGS) and the secondary outcome measures were the plantar pressure test, 6-min walking test (6MWT), lower extremity Fugl–Meyer assessment (FMA-LE), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the modified Barthel index (MBI). Results: Compared to the control group, there were significant increases in the experimental group after four weeks (p = 0.014) and at the four week follow-up (p = 0.001) in the change in TGS, weight-bearing on the involved side (p = 0.012) or forefoot (p = 0.028) when standing, weight-bearing on the involved side (p = 0.01 6) or forefoot (p = 0.043) when walking, early stance phase (p = 0.023) and mid stance phase (p = 0.013) on the involved side, FMA-LE (p = 0.029), BBS (p = 0.005), and MBI (p = 0.009), but there were no differences in the late stance phase (p = 0.472) on the involved side when walking or in the 6MWT (p = 0.069). Conclusions: Customized insoles had great efficacy in enhancing gait performance in stroke patients.

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