scholarly journals Low Bioelectrical Impedance Phase Angle Is a Significant Risk Factor for Frailty

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Tanaka ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
Kazuyoshi Kobayashi ◽  
Taisuke Seki ◽  
Takashi Hamada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

The phase angle, which is measured via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), is a clinically important bioimpedance parameter used for nutritional assessment and evaluating the risk of various diseases, such as locomotive syndrome (LS). It remains unclear if the phase angle is associated with frailty (fragile state of physical and mental health). We therefore examined this association in a large prospective sample. Of 1081 individuals receiving health checkups, 550 (male; 235, female; 365) were enrolled in this study. We applied the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria to evaluate frailty and administered the 25-Item Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale to diagnose LS. The phase angle was measured via BIA. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the phase angle and frailty. For all participants and for each sex, the phase angle was significantly lower among individuals with frailty. After controlling for age, sex, and body mass index, we found that a low phase angle was a significant risk factor of frailty. As a result of multiple regression analysis including other confounding factors, among male participants, a low phase angle was significantly related with both frailty (P = 0.015) and LS (P < 0.001), whereas among female participants, the low phase angle had a stronger association with frailty (P = 0.001) than with LS (P = 0.52). Our findings suggest that a low angle is a risk factor of frailty. Furthermore, among female participants, frailty has a stronger relation with the phase angle than does LS. Therefore, the phase angle may be considered a useful indicator of frailty that does not require lengthy or costly assessment.

Risk Factors for Silent Cerebral Infarcts in a Pediatric Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) Cohort

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 2487-2487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francoise Bernaudin ◽  
Suzanne Verlhac ◽  
Annie Kamdem ◽  
Cécile Arnaud ◽  
Lena Coïc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Abstract Background Silent infarcts are associated with impaired cognitive functioning and have been shown to be predictors of stroke (Miller ST J Pediatr 2001). Until now, reported risk factors for silent infarcts were low pain event rate, history of seizures, high leukocyte count and Sen bS haplotype (Kinney TR Pediatrics 1999). Here, we seek to define the prevalence and risk factors of silent infarcts in the Créteil SCA pediatric cohort comprising patients assessed at least yearly by transcranial doppler (TCD) since 1992, and by MRI/MRA. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed data from the Créteil cohort stroke-free SS/Sb0 children (280; 134 F, 146 M), according to institutional review board. Time-averaged mean of maximum velocities higher than 200 cm/sec were considered as abnormal, resulting in initiation of a transfusion program (TP). A switch to hydroxyurea was proposed to patients with normalized velocities (&lt; 170 cm/sec) and normal MRA on TP, although TP was re-initiated in case of abnormal velocities recurrence. Patients with “conditional” velocities (170–199 cm/sec) were assessed by TCD 4 times yearly. Alpha genes and beta-globin haplotypes were determined. Baseline biological parameters (G6PD activity; WBC, PMN, Reticulocytes, Platelets counts; Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, HbF, LDH levels; MCV; SpO2) were obtained a minimum of 3 months away from a transfusion, one month from a painful episode, after 12 months of age, before the first TCD, and always before therapy intensification. Results. Patients were followed for a total of 2139 patient-years. Alpha-Thal was present in 114/254 patients (45%) and 27/241 (11.2%) had G6PD deficiency. Beta genotype, available in 240 patients, was BaBa in 102 (42.5%), BeBe in 54 (22.5%), SeSe in 19 (7.9%) and “other” in 65 (27.1%); TCD was abnormal in 52 of 280 patients (18.6%). MRA showed stenoses in 30 of 226 evaluated patients (13.3%) while MRI demonstrated presence of silent infarcts in 81/280 patients (28.9%). Abnormal TCD (p&lt;0.001), G6PD deficiency (p=0.008), high LDH (p=0.03), and low Hb (p=0.026) were significant risk factors for stenoses by univariate analysis while multivariate analysis retained only abnormal TCD as a significant risk factor for stenoses ([OR= 10.6, 95% CI (4.6–24.4)]; p&lt;0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of silent infarcts was not related to alpha-Thal, beta genotype, abnormal TCD, WBC, PMN, platelets, reticulocyte counts, MCV, LDH level, HbF %, pain or ACS rates but was significantly associated with stenoses detected by MRA (p&lt;0.001), gender (male; p=0.04), G6PD deficiency (p=0.05), low Hb (p=0.016) and Hct (p=0.012). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender ([OR= 2.1, 95% CI (1.03–4.27)]; p=0.042), low Hb ([OR= 1.4, 95% CI (1.0–1.1)]; p=0.05) and stenoses ([OR= 4.8, 95% CI (1.88–12.28)]; p=0.001) were all significant independent risk factors for silent infarcts. The presence of stenoses was the only significant risk factor for silent infarcts in patients with a history of abnormal TCD ([OR= 5.9, 95% CI (1.6–21.7)]; p=0.008). Conclusion We recently showed that G6PD deficiency, absence of alpha-Thal, and hemolysis are independent significant risk factors for abnormal TCD in stroke-free SCA patients (Bernaudin et al, Blood, 2008, in press). Here, we report that an abnormal TCD is the most significant risk factor for stenoses and, expanding previous studies, we demonstrate that stenoses, low Hb and gender are significant independent risk factors for silent infarcts.

scholarly journals Asthma and Keratoconus: An analysis of the risk factors association with the severity of keratoconus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srujana Sahebjada ◽  
Elsie Chan ◽  
Jing Xie ◽  
Grant Snibson ◽  
Mark Daniel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Multivariable Regression

Abstract Background: A cross-sectional study was undertaken in Australia to explore a wide range of risk factors associated with keratoconus. A questionnaire addressing age, gender, educational background, ocular and medical history, smoking and alcohol consumption, and physical examination comprising anthropometric measurements was collected; eye examination was undertaken. The associations between a range of risk factors and keratoconus was determined using univariate and multivariable linear regression analyses.Main Text: A total of 260 keratoconus subjects were included in this study. Mean age of subject was 35.5 (SD= 14.8) years and the majority of the subjects were European 171 (68.2%). Initial univariate regression analysis identified the following risk factors at the p<0.1 level with keratoconus: higher body mass index, smoking cigarettes, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and asthma were associated with increased severity of keratoconus, whereas eczema was associated with less severe keratoconus. Following multivariable regression analysis, only asthma remained as a significant risk factor associated with 2.2 diopters (D) steeper average mean keratometry compared to keratoconus subjects having no asthma [p = 0.03; β= 2.18; 95% confidence intervals: 1.22, 4.14].Conclusion: Our study describes the comprehensive assessment of all the known risk factors in a large keratoconus cohort recruited in Australia. Our study has reported asthma as the only risk factor found to be significantly associated with keratoconus. The results of this study allow us to better understand the aetiology of keratoconus and such a knowledge could be useful in instigate systemic management of patients to slow or prevent keratoconus.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome according to Sasang Constitutional Medicine in Korean Subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang Hoon Song ◽  
Sung-Gon Yu ◽  
Jong Yeol Kim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Atherogenic Dyslipidemia ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
Sasang Constitution ◽  
Sasang Constitutional Medicine ◽  
Constitutional Medicine

Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a complex disorder defined by a cluster of abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension; the condition is recognized as a risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study assessed the effects of the Sasang constitution group (SCG) on the risk of MS in Korean subjects. We have analyzed 1,617 outpatients of Korean oriental medicine hospitals who were classified into three SCGs, So-Yang, So-Eum, and Tae-Eum. Significant differences were noted in the prevalence of MS and the frequencies of all MS risk factors among the three SCGs. The odds ratios for MS as determined via multiple logistic regression analysis were 2.004 for So-Yang and 4.521 for Tae-Eum compared with So-Eum. These results indicate that SCG may function as a significant risk factor of MS; comprehensive knowledge of Sasang constitutional medicine may prove helpful in predicting susceptibility and developing preventive care techniques for MS.

Abstract 11875: Risk of Malignant Cancer Among Women With New-onset Atrial Fibrillation

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Conen ◽  
Jorge A Wong ◽  
Roopinder K Sandhu ◽  
Nancy R Cook ◽  
I-Min Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Incident Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
New Onset

Introduction: A substantial proportion of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) die of non-cardiovascular causes, and recent studies suggest a link between AF and cancer. However, this association has not been evaluated in long-term prospective studies. Methods: A total of 34691 women ≥45 years and free of AF, cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline were prospectively followed for incident AF and malignant cancer within the Women’s Health Study. All incident AF and cancer events were validated by medical record review. Cox proportional-hazards models using time-updated covariates were constructed to assess the relationship of new-onset AF with incident cancer and to adjust for potential confounders. We then assessed the risk of incident AF among women with cancer using a similar modelling approach. Results: Mean age at baseline was 55±7 years. During 19.1 years of follow-up, we observed 1467 (4.2%) AF and 5130 (14.8%) cancer events. AF was a significant risk factor for incident cancer in age-adjusted (hazard ratio (HR) 1.58, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34, 1.87, p<0.0001) and multivariable adjusted (HR 1.49, 95% CI, 1.26, 1.77, p<0.0001) models, and was increased among women with paroxysmal (HR 1.35, 95% CI 1.09, 1.67, p=0.005) and non-paroxysmal AF (HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.23, 2.09, p=0.0004). The risk of cancer was highest in the first 3 months after new-onset AF (HR 3.53, 95% CI 2.05, 6.08, p<0.0001) but remained significant beyond 1 year (adjusted HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.19, 1.73, p=0.0001). New-onset AF was also associated with an increased risk of cancer mortality (adjusted HR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01, 1.85, p=0.04). In contrast, women with new-onset cancer had an increased risk of incident AF within 3 months (HR 4.61, 95% CI 2.81, 7.54, p<0.0001) but not beyond 1 year (HR 1.17, 95% CI 0.97, 1.41, p=0.11). Conclusions: In this large cohort of initially healthy women, new-onset AF was a significant risk factor for the short and long term diagnosis of incident cancer. In contrast, cancer was not associated with an increased AF risk over the long term. Our results may suggest that AF could be an early sign of occult cancer or an underlying systemic process conferring an increased cancer risk.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Korean Adolescents’ Dietary Consumption: Focused on Sociodemographic Characteristics, Physical Health, and Mental Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9773
Author(s):  
Hui-Rang Yim ◽  
Hyun Ju Yun ◽  
Jee Hye Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics

The promotion of healthful dietary intake in adolescents is an important public health concern, as obesity is on the rise among adolescents. The current study aimed to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake (breakfast, vegetables, milk, fruits, fast food, carbohydrate beverages, and caffeine beverages) and to examine the influences of physical and mental health on dietary intake. A nationally representative sample of 187,622 adolescents who attended middle and high schools and participated in the Korean Youth Risk Behavior Survey (2015, 2017, and 2019) was used. The results showed a decrease in breakfast, vegetable, milk, and fruit consumption and an increase in the obesity rate from 2015 to 2019. There was a significant association between dietary intake and gender, economic status, BMI, and academic achievement. Multiple logistic regression analysis results revealed that the consumption of breakfast, vegetables, milk, and fruit were associated with greater odds of having enough sleep. Fast food intake was shown to be a significant risk factor for depression with an odds ratio of 1.204 (95% CI = 1.169–1.239), and carbonated beverage consumption was shown to be a significant risk factor for stress with an odds ratio of 1.042 (95% CI = 1.030–1.054). These results provide fundamental data that can be used to develop an effective nutrition intervention program or nutrition policy for adolescents or school food service programs.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Contrast Induced Nephropathy in Patients Following Coronary Angiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Mohammed Rashed Anwar ◽  
Abu Noim Md Abdul Hai ◽  
Dilip Kumar Debnath ◽  
Md Anwarul Hoque Faraji ◽  
KAM Mahbub Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Estimated Gfr ◽  
Contrast Induced Nephropathy ◽  
Contrast Volume

Background: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common complication after administration of contrast medium. As the third leading cause of hospital acquired acute kidney injury, CIN occurs in half of the patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG).Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in patients after coronary angiography and its risk factors.Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was performed at National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology, Dhaka and Department of Cardiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July, 2016 to December 2016 for a period of six (06) months. All patients 18 years and above who underwent coronary angiography with or without percutaneuous Transluminal coronary angioplasty with normal or impaired renal function, with or without Diabetes Mellitus or hypertension were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups named as group A who did not develop CIN and group B developed CIN. Pre- and Post procedure serum creatinine was estimated at 48 hours after coronary angiogram. Independent characteristics associated with CIN were identified.Results: A total number of 250 patients were recruited for this study. Older age ≥70 years, diabetes mellitus were significant risk factor for CIN whereas hypertension was not statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis of risk factors were identified 05 (five) risk factors in this study which were baseline estimated GFR <60mi/min/1.73m2 BSA, diabetes mellitus, contrast volume >100ml, PTCA and LVEF < 40%). Effect of drugs used in the development of CIN by logistic regression analysis. None of the drugs showed significant relationship on development of CIN.Conclusion: Older age, baseline estimated GFR <60mi/min/1.73m2 BSA, diabetes mellitus, contrast volume >100ml, PTCA and LVEF < 40%) were significant risk factor to developed CIN. Journal of Science Foundation 2017;15(1):20-25

Physical Illness and Suicide Risk in Rural Residents of Contemporary China

Crisis ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cun-Xian Jia ◽  
Lin-Lin Wang ◽  
Ai-Qiang Xu ◽  
Ai-Ying Dai ◽  
Ping Qin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Study Population

Background: Physical illness is linked with an increased risk of suicide; however, evidence from China is limited. Aims: To assess the influence of physical illness on risk of suicide among rural residents of China, and to examine the differences in the characteristics of people completing suicide with physical illness from those without physical illness. Method: In all, 200 suicide cases and 200 control subjects, 1:1 pair-matched on sex and age, were included from 25 townships of three randomly selected counties in Shandong Province, China. One informant for each suicide or control subject was interviewed to collect data on the physical health condition and psychological and sociodemographic status. Results: The prevalence of physical illness in suicide cases (63.0%) was significantly higher than that in paired controls (41.0%; χ2 = 19.39, p < .001). Compared with suicide cases without physical illness, people who were physically ill and completed suicide were generally older, less educated, had lower family income, and reported a mental disorder less often. Physical illness denoted a significant risk factor for suicide with an associated odds ratio of 3.23 (95% CI: 1.85–5.62) after adjusted for important covariates. The elevated risk of suicide increased progressively with the number of comorbid illnesses. Cancer, stroke, and a group of illnesses comprising dementia, hemiplegia, and encephalatrophy had a particularly strong effect among the commonly reported diagnoses in this study population. Conclusion: Physical illness is an important risk factor for suicide in rural residents of China. Efforts for suicide prevention are needed and should be integrated with national strategies of health care in rural China.

scholarly journals Higher premature atrial complex burden from the Holter examination predicts poor cardiovascular outcome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Chun Huang ◽  
Po-Tseng Lee ◽  
Mu-Shiang Huang ◽  
Pei-Fang Su ◽  
Ping-Yen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Cox Model ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Quartile Group

AbstractPremature atrial complexes (PACs) have been suggested to increase the risk of adverse events. The distribution of PAC burden and its dose–response effects on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death had not been elucidated clearly. We analyzed 15,893 patients in a medical referral center from July 1st, 2011, to December 31st, 2018. Multivariate regression driven by ln PAC (beats per 24 h plus 1) or quartiles of PAC burden were examined. Older group had higher PAC burden than younger group (p for trend < 0.001), and both genders shared similar PACs distribution. In Cox model, ln PAC remained an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09 per ln PAC increase, 95% CI = 1.06‒1.12, p < 0.001). PACs were a significant risk factor in cause-specific model (HR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.05‒1.22, p = 0.001) or sub-distribution model (HR = 1.12, 95% CI = 1.04‒1.21, p = 0.004). In ordinal PAC model, 4th quartile group had significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality than those in 1st quartile group (HR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.13‒1.94, p = 0.005), but no difference in cardiovascular death were found in competing risk analysis. In subgroup analysis, the risk of high PAC burden was consistently higher than in low-burden group across pre-specified subgroups. In conclusion, PAC burden has a dose response effect on all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death.

scholarly journals Markers of disease severity and positive family history are associated to significant risk perception in rheumatoid arthritis, while compliance with therapy is not: a cross-sectional study in 415 Mexican outpatients

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irazú Contreras-Yáñez ◽  
Pilar Lavielle ◽  
Patricia Clark ◽  
Virginia Pascual-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Family History ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Significant Risk

Abstract Background Assessing risk perception (RP) helps explain how rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients integrate their ideas concerning the disease and how this understanding affects their self-care management. Compliance with treatment impacts disease-related outcomes and could be associated with RP to variable degrees and at different levels. The primary objective was to determine a potential association between RP and compliance with therapy in RA outpatients and to identify additional factors. The secondary objective was to identify factors associated with judgment bias such as unrealistic RP. Patients and methods Between January 2018 and June 2019, 450 consecutive outpatients who received RA-related treatment were invited to a face-to-face interview to obtain socio-demographic data, RA-related information, comorbidities, and the following outcomes: adherence, persistence, and concordance with medications assessed with a questionnaire locally designed; RP with the RP questionnaire (RPQ); disease activity with the Routine Assessment of Patient Index Data-3 (RAPID-3); disability with the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI); quality of life with Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36) instrument; pain and overall disease with the respective visual analogue scale (VAS); and health literacy assessed with 3 questions. Significant RP was defined according to a cut-off based on the 75th percentile value of the sample in which the RPQ was validated. Unrealistic RP was defined based on the coincidence of the presence/absence of significant RP and less/more than 7 unfavorable medical criteria. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used. Patients provided written informed consent and the study received Internal Review Board approval. Results There were 415 patients included, primarily middle-aged women with long-standing disease and moderate disease activity. Almost half of the patients were receiving corticosteroids and 15.9% intensive RA-related treatment. There were 44.1% of the patients concordant with treatment and 22.6% had significant RP. The patients’ treatment behavior was not retained in the regression analysis; meanwhile, rheumatoid nodes, surgical joint replacement, family history of RA, and higher RAPID-3 score were associated with significant RP. There were 56 patients with unrealistic RP; significant RP and more unfavorable medical criteria were associated with unrealistic RP. Conclusions Compliance with therapy was not associated with significant RP in RA outpatients.

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