scholarly journals Association of Traditional Chinese Medicine Therapy with Risk of Total Hip Replacement in Patients with Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yu-An Yeh ◽  
Jen-Huai Chiang ◽  
Mei-Yao Wu ◽  
Chun-Hao Tsai ◽  
Horng-Chaung Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Femoral Head ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Hazard Ratio ◽  
Total Hip

Background. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) contributes to 45% of total hip replacements (THRs) annually in Taiwan. Nontraumatic ONFH (NONFH) is multifactorial; no effective Western medicine is available to delay the disease process. This population-based cohort study investigated the association of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy with risk of THR in patients with NONFH. Methods. This retrospective study was conducted using claims data from all insured residents covered by the National Health Insurance from 2000 to 2010. We enrolled 1,680 newly diagnosed ONFH patients who had not undergone THR, before or within 6 months after diagnosis of ONFH; these patients did not exhibit hip fracture or dislocation before the endpoint. In total, 595 propensity score-matched pairs were selected from among 1,028 TCM users and 652 non-TCM users. The association between TCM use and risk of THR was analyzed using a Cox proportional hazard model. Kaplan-Meier and log rank tests were performed to plot the cumulative incidence of THR. Results. The mean follow-up periods were 5.00 years and 3.57 years for TCM and non-TCM cohorts, respectively. Compared to the non-TCM cohort, the TCM cohort had fewer patients undergoing THR surgery (25.4% vs. 18.2%, adjusted hazard ratio: 0.60, p<0.0001). The risk of reduction was noted in the group aged 30–59 years (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.56, p<0.0001), but there was no association with gender nor socioeconomic status. There was a significantly lower cumulative incidence of THR in TCM users (p<0.0001). Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue-Tang and Yan Hu Suo were the most frequently prescribed formula and single herb, respectively. Conclusions. NONFH patients using TCM had a lower risk of THR; the risk of reduction was noted in the group aged 30–59 years but was not associated with gender nor socioeconomic status. TCM might be useful in conservative treatment for NONFH.

scholarly journals Do Children With Constipation Have Increased Risk of Asthma? Real-World Data From a Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Chu Huang ◽  
Meng-Che Wu ◽  
Yu-Hsun Wang ◽  
James Cheng-Chung Wei
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Hazard Ratio ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Real World Data ◽  
Childhood Disorders ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Asthma is one of the most burdensome childhood disorders. Growing evidence disclose intestinal dysbiosis may contribute to asthma via the gut-lung axis. Constipation can lead to alteration of the gut microbiota. The clinical impact of constipation on asthma has not been researched. Therefore, we aim to assess whether pediatric constipation influence the risk of developing asthma by a nationwide population-based cohort study.Methods: We analyzed 10,363 constipated patients and 10,363 individuals without constipation between 1999 and 2013 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Analysis of propensity score was utilized to match age, sex, comorbidities, and medications at a ratio of 1:1. In addition, multiple Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratio of asthma. Furthermore, sensitivity tests and a stratified analysis were performed.Results: After adjustment for age, sex, comorbidities, and medications, constipated patients had a 2.36-fold greater risk of asthma compared to those without constipation [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 2.36, 95% C.I. 2.04–2.73, p &lt; 0.001]. Furthermore, the severity of constipation is associated with an increased risk of asthma; the adjusted hazard ratio was 2.25, 2.85, and 3.44 within &lt; 3, 3–12, and ≥12 times of laxatives prescription within 1 year, respectively (p &lt; 0.001).Conclusion: Constipation was correlated with a significantly increased risk of asthma. Pediatricians should be aware of the possibility of asthma in constipated patients. Further research is warranted to investigate the possible pathological mechanisms of this association.

scholarly journals Maternal and child gluten intake and risk of type 1 diabetes: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolai A Lund-Blix ◽  
German Tapia ◽  
Karl Mårild ◽  
Anne Lise Brantsaeter ◽  
Pål R Njølstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Hazard Ratio ◽  
Pregnancy Cohort ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Mother And Child

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETo examine the association between maternal and child gluten intake and risk of type 1 diabetes in children.DESIGNPregnancy cohortSETTINGPopulation-based, nation-wide study in NorwayPARTICIPANTS86,306 children in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study born from 1999 through 2009, followed to April 15, 2018.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESClinical type 1 diabetes, ascertained in a nation-wide childhood diabetes registry. Hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression for the exposures maternal gluten intake up to week 22 of pregnancy and child’s gluten intake when the child was 18 months old.RESULTSDuring a mean follow-up of 12.3 years (range 0.7-16.0), 346 children (0.4%) developed type 1 diabetes (incidence rate 32.6 per 100,000 person-years). The average gluten intake was 13.6 grams/day for mothers during pregnancy, and 8.8 grams/day for the child at 18 months of age. Maternal gluten intake in mid-pregnancy was not associated with the development of type 1 diabetes in the child (adjusted hazard ratio 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.73 to 1.43) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake). However, the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age was associated with an increased risk of later developing type 1 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 1.46 (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.01) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake).CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age, and not the maternal intake during pregnancy, could increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in the child.WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPICA national prospective cohort study from Denmark found that a high maternal gluten intake during pregnancy could increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring (adjusted hazard ratio 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.001 to 1.72) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake). No studies have investigated the relation between the amount of gluten intake by both the mother during pregnancy and the child in early life and risk of developing type 1 diabetes in childhood.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDSIn this prospective population-based pregnancy cohort with 86,306 children of whom 346 developed type 1 diabetes we found that the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age was associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 1.46 (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.01) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake). This study suggests that the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age, and not the maternal intake during pregnancy, could increase the child’s risk of type 1 diabetes.

scholarly journals BMI and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan: a population-based cohort study

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 1839-1846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Sheng Chung ◽  
Feng-Ming Ho ◽  
Nan-Cheng Cheng ◽  
Meng-Chih Lee ◽  
Chih-Jung Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Hazard Ratio ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
All Cause Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe present study investigates the relationship between BMI and all-cause mortality among middle-aged and older adults with or without pre-existing diseases.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingThe Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging is a nationwide prospective cohort study comprising a representative random sample of middle-aged and older adults. The study period was 1996–2007.SubjectsWe followed 4145 middle-aged and older adults, totalling 42 353 person-years.ResultsOverweight and mildly obese participants showed a 16 % and 30 % decrease in the risk of death, respectively, compared with those of normal weight after adjusting for potential covariates (e.g. demographic characteristics, health behaviour, co-morbidities and physical function). Underweight adults showed a 1·36-fold increased adjusted hazard ratio of death compared with normal-weight adults. Adults with a BMI of 27·0–28·0 kg/m2 showed a significantly lower adjusted hazard ratio of all-cause mortality rate compared with adults who had normal BMI values when they had coexisting hypertension or diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio=0·50; 95 % CI 0·30, 0·81 for hypertension and adjusted hazard ratio=0·41; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·89 for diabetes).ConclusionsThe study demonstrates that underweight people have a higher risk of death, and overweight and mildly obese people have a lower risk of death, compared with people of normal weight among middle-aged and older adults. An optimal BMI may be based on the individual, who exhibits pre-existing diseases or not.

scholarly journals Decreased risk of dementia in migraine patients with traditional Chinese medicine use: a population-based cohort study

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (45) ◽  
pp. 79680-79692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Ting Liu ◽  
Bei-Yu Wu ◽  
Yu-Chiang Hung ◽  
Lin-Yi Wang ◽  
Yan-Yuh Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Medicine Use
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