scholarly journals Real-Time Mobile Emotional Content Player Using Smartphone Camera-Based PPG Measurement

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haena Lee ◽  
Dong Keun Kim
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Interactive System ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Emotional Changes

A real-time mobile content player was developed that can recognize and reflect emotions in real time using a smartphone. To determine effective awareness, a photoplethysmogram (PPG), which is a biological signal, was measured to recognize emotional changes in users presented with content intended to induce an emotional response. To avoid the need for a separate sensor to measure the PPG, PPG signals were extracted from the red (R) values of images acquired by the rear camera of a smartphone. To reflect an emotion, the saturation (S) and brightness (V) levels, which are related to the ambience of a content, are changed to reflect the emotional changes of the user within the content itself in real time. Arousal- and relaxation-inducing scenarios were conducted to validate the effectiveness. The samplet-test results show that the average peak-to-peak interval (PPI), which is the time interval between the peaks of PPG signals, was significantly low when viewing the content under the arousal-inducing scenario as compared to when watching regular content, and it was determined that the emotion of the user was led to a state of arousal. Ten university students (five males and five females) participated in the experiment. The users had no cardiac disease and were asked not to drink or smoke before the experiment. The average PPI was significantly higher when the content was viewed in the relaxation-inducing scenario compared to regular content, and it was determined that the emotion of the user was induced to a state of relaxation. The designed emotional content player was confirmed to be an interactive system, in which the video content and user concurrently affect each other through the system.

Viewing music videos: Emotion and viewer interpretation

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan M. Preston ◽  
Michael Eden
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Music Videos ◽  
Music Video ◽  
Mediating Factors ◽  
Comparative Media

Abstract. Music video (MV) content is frequently measured using researcher descriptions. This study examines subjective or viewers’ notions of sex and violence. 168 university students watched 9 mainstream MVs. Incidence counts of sex and violence involve more mediating factors than ratings. High incidents are associated with older viewers, higher scores for Expressivity, lower scores for Instrumentality, and with video orders beginning with high sex and violence. Ratings of sex and violence are associated with older viewers and lower scores for Instrumentality. For sex MVs, inexperienced viewers reported higher incidents and ratings. Because MVs tend to be sexier but less violent than TV and film, viewers may also use comparative media standards to evaluate emotional content MVs.

Methodology to Increase Flexibility in Inter-Region Flow Control for Urban Traffic

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812199742
Author(s):  
Sunghoon Kim ◽  
Monica Menendez ◽  
Hwasoo Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Flow Control ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Flow Restriction ◽  
Region Flow ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Transfer Flow ◽  
Supply Level

Perimeter control is used to regulate transfer flows between urban regions. The greedy control (GC) method takes either the minimum or the maximum for the control inputs. Although it has the advantage of simplicity for real-time feasibility, a few existing studies have shown that it can sometimes have negative impacts because of unnecessary transfer flow restrictions. To reduce unnecessary restrictions, this study provides a method that gives flexibility to ease the strict conditions of the conventional GC. First, we propose a modification as a way of granting exceptions to the flow restriction under specific conditions. Second, we develop an algorithm to determine the threshold dynamically for accepting the exception, by comparing the possible outflow loss of the subject region and the possible outflow gain of its neighboring regions. The test results show that this flexible greedy control can handle the balance between the transfer demands and the greed of regions for securing the supply level, while increasing the performance in both vehicle hours traveled and trip completion.

scholarly journals Preanalytical Issues and Cycle Threshold Values in SARS-CoV-2 Real-Time RT-PCR Testing: Should Test Results Include These?

ACS Omega ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka Engelmann ◽  
Enagnon Kazali Alidjinou ◽  
Judith Ogiez ◽  
Quentin Pagneux ◽  
Sana Miloudi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cycle Threshold

scholarly journals Improving the Stochastic Model of Ionospheric Delays for BDS Long-Range Real-Time Kinematic Positioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2739
Author(s):  
Huizhong Zhu ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Longjiang Tang ◽  
Maorong Ge ◽  
Aigong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Ionospheric Delay ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Short Time Interval ◽  
Dual Frequency ◽  
Triple Frequency ◽  
Ambiguity Fixing ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Observation Noise

Although ionosphere-free (IF) combination is usually employed in long-range precise positioning, in order to employ the knowledge of the spatiotemporal ionospheric delays variations and avoid the difficulty in choosing the IF combinations in case of triple-frequency data processing, using uncombined observations with proper ionospheric constraints is more beneficial. Yet, determining the appropriate power spectral density (PSD) of ionospheric delays is one of the most important issues in the uncombined processing, as the empirical methods cannot consider the actual ionosphere activities. The ionospheric delays derived from actual dual-frequency phase observations contain not only the real-time ionospheric delays variations, but also the observation noise which could be much larger than ionospheric delays changes over a very short time interval, so that the statistics of the ionospheric delays cannot be retrieved properly. Fortunately, the ionospheric delays variations and the observation noise behave in different ways, i.e., can be represented by random-walk and white noise process, respectively, so that they can be separated statistically. In this paper, we proposed an approach to determine the PSD of ionospheric delays for each satellite in real-time by denoising the ionospheric delay observations. Based on the relationship between the PSD, observation noise and the ionospheric observations, several aspects impacting the PSD calculation are investigated numerically and the optimal values are suggested. The proposed approach with the suggested optimal parameters is applied to the processing of three long-range baselines of 103 km, 175 km and 200 km with triple-frequency BDS data in both static and kinematic mode. The improvement in the first ambiguity fixing time (FAFT), the positioning accuracy and the estimated ionospheric delays are analysed and compared with that using empirical PSD. The results show that the FAFT can be shortened by at least 8% compared with using a unique empirical PSD for all satellites although it is even fine-tuned according to the actual observations and improved by 34% compared with that using PSD derived from ionospheric delay observations without denoising. Finally, the positioning performance of BDS three-frequency observations shows that the averaged FAFT is 226 s and 270 s, and the positioning accuracies after ambiguity fixing are 1 cm, 1 cm and 3 cm in the East, North and Up directions for static and 3 cm, 3 cm and 6 cm for kinematic mode, respectively.

scholarly journals An LSTM-Based Method Considering History and Real-Time Data for Passenger Flow Prediction

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Ouyang ◽  
Yongbo Lv ◽  
Jihui Ma ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Information Coding ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Passenger Flow ◽  
Flow Prediction ◽  
Real Time Data

With the development of big data and deep learning, bus passenger flow prediction considering real-time data becomes possible. Real-time traffic flow prediction helps to grasp real-time passenger flow dynamics, provide early warning for a sudden passenger flow and data support for real-time bus plan changes, and improve the stability of urban transportation systems. To solve the problem of passenger flow prediction considering real-time data, this paper proposes a novel passenger flow prediction network model based on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks. The model includes four parts: feature extraction based on Xgboost model, information coding based on historical data, information coding based on real-time data, and decoding based on a multi-layer neural network. In the feature extraction part, the data dimension is increased by fusing bus data and points of interest to improve the number of parameters and model accuracy. In the historical information coding part, we use the date as the index in the LSTM structure to encode historical data and provide relevant information for prediction; in the real-time data coding part, the daily half-hour time interval is used as the index to encode real-time data and provide real-time prediction information; in the decoding part, the passenger flow data for the next two 30 min interval outputs by decoding all the information. To our best knowledge, it is the first time to real-time information has been taken into consideration in passenger flow prediction based on LSTM. The proposed model can achieve better accuracy compared to the LSTM and other baseline methods.

A New Method for Phase Difference Estimation Based on Time-Varying Signal Model

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 650-655
Author(s):  
Peng Hui Niu ◽  
Yin Lei Qin ◽  
Shun Ping Qu ◽  
Yang Lou
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Phase Difference ◽  
Time Signal ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Signal Model ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Mass Flowmeter ◽  
Coriolis Mass Flowmeter

A new signal processing method for phase difference estimation was proposed based on time-varying signal model, whose frequency, amplitude and phase are time-varying. And then be applied Coriolis mass flowmeter signal. First, a bandpass filtering FIR filter was applied to filter the sensor output signal in order to improve SNR. Then, the signal frequency could be calculated based on short-time frequency estimation. Finally, by short window intercepting, the DTFT algorithm with negative frequency contribution was introduced to calculate the real-time phase difference between two enhanced signals. With the frequency and the phase difference obtained, the time interval of two signals was calculated. Simulation results show that the algorithms studied are efficient. Furthermore, the computation of algorithms studied is simple so that it can be applied to real-time signal processing for Coriolis mass flowmeter.

Endocrinal complications associated with the treatment of patients with congenital cardiac disease: consensus definitions from the Multi-Societal Database Committee for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (S2) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Dickerson ◽  
David S. Cooper ◽  
Paul A. Checchia ◽  
David P. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Healthcare Intervention ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Cardiac Malformations ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Congenital Cardiac Disease

AbstractA complication is an event or occurrence that is associated with a disease or a healthcare intervention, is a departure from the desired course of events, and may cause, or be associated with, suboptimal outcome. A complication does not necessarily represent a breech in the standard of care that constitutes medical negligence or medical malpractice. An operative or procedural complication is any complication, regardless of cause, occurring (1) within 30 days after surgery or intervention in or out of the hospital, or (2) after 30 days during the same hospitalization subsequent to the operation or intervention. Operative and procedural complications include both intraoperative/intraprocedural complications and postoperative/postprocedural complications in this time interval.The MultiSocietal Database Committee for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease has set forth a comprehensive list of complications associated with the treatment of patients with congenital cardiac disease, related to cardiac, pulmonary, renal, haematological, infectious, neurological, gastrointestinal, and endocrinal systems, as well as those related to the management of anaesthesia and perfusion, and the transplantation of thoracic organs. The objective of this manuscript is to examine the definitions of operative morbidity as they relate specifically to the endocrine system. These specific definitions and terms will be used to track morbidity associated with surgical and transcatheter interventions and other forms of therapy in a common language across many separate databases.As surgical survival in children with congenital cardiac disease has improved in recent years, focus has necessarily shifted to reducing the morbidity of congenital cardiac malformations and their treatment. A comprehensive list of endocrinal complications is presented. This list is a component of a systems-based compendium of complications that will standardize terminology and thereby allow the study and quantification of morbidity in patients with congenital cardiac malformations. Clinicians caring for patients with congenital cardiac disease will be able to use this list for databases, initiatives to improve quality, reporting of complications, and comparing strategies of treatment.

scholarly journals Human language reveals a universal positivity bias

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (8) ◽  
pp. 2389-2394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sheridan Dodds ◽  
Eric M. Clark ◽  
Suma Desu ◽  
Morgan R. Frank ◽  
Andrew J. Reagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Emotional Content ◽  
Human Language ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Word Use ◽  
Positivity Bias ◽  
Human Evaluation ◽  
Offline Measurement

Using human evaluation of 100,000 words spread across 24 corpora in 10 languages diverse in origin and culture, we present evidence of a deep imprint of human sociality in language, observing that (i) the words of natural human language possess a universal positivity bias, (ii) the estimated emotional content of words is consistent between languages under translation, and (iii) this positivity bias is strongly independent of frequency of word use. Alongside these general regularities, we describe interlanguage variations in the emotional spectrum of languages that allow us to rank corpora. We also show how our word evaluations can be used to construct physical-like instruments for both real-time and offline measurement of the emotional content of large-scale texts.

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