scholarly journals Surgical Task Shifting Helps Reduce Neonatal Mortality in Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihun Tariku ◽  
Tadele Gerum ◽  
Mareshet Mekonen ◽  
Haddis Takele
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Task Shifting ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Newborn Outcomes ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Null Value ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Improve Access

Background. To improve access to surgical service and to reduce neonatal mortality Ethiopia implemented surgical task shifting to nonphysician surgeons (NPSs). We aim at assessing surgical outcomes between NPSs and physician surgeons working in two hospitals. Methods. We collected data from two hospitals on 474 maternal medical records. Completed maternal medical records were included in this study. Data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and analyzed by SPSS version 20 software. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were done. If the 95% confidence interval values exclude the null value, the factor was considered as a significant factor. Result. Totally, 3429 mothers delivered in two hospitals. Of them, 840 (24.5%) delivered by caesarian section (CS), but 474 mothers’ records meet the inclusion criteria included in this study. Of 474 CS deliveries, the majority (82%) of them were performed by NPS. Maternal or fetal emergency conditions were the main reasons (92.0%, n=436) for CS. Task shifting does not affect immediate newborn outcomes (ARR, 1.24 (0.55, 2.78)), but duration of hospitalization (ARR: 4 (2.3, 7.5)), condition of the fetus during admission (ARR: 5.22 (2.9, 9.2)), and type of anesthesia used (ARR: 0.2 (0.1, 0.4)) significantly determine the outcome. Conclusion. Surgical task shifting to NPS does not affect the immediate newborn outcome. But general anesthesia is one of the major factors that affects the outcome.

scholarly journals Profil pasien preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia di ICU dan HCU RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Nita Patty ◽  
Diana Ch. Lalenoh ◽  
Debby D. Wuisan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Hellp Syndrome ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Median Length ◽  
Hypertension In Pregnancy ◽  
Grand Mal ◽  
New Onset

Abstract: Preeclampsia was defined as hypertension in pregnancy that occurs after 20th weeks of pregnancy meanwhile eclampsia is the new onset of a grand mal seizure activity and is one of the complications of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia and eclampsia are still the major causes of high maternal and infant mortality in Indonesia (1.5% -25%). Severe preeclampsia becomes an indication of obstetric patients to be admitted to ICU. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of patients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia admitted to the ICU and HCU Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Hospital. This was a descriptive retrospective study. Data were obtained from the medical records of patients admitted to the ICU and HCU from September 2014 to August 2016. There were 33 patients that met the inclusion criteria consisted of 11 patients (33%) with severe preeclampsia and 22 patients (67%) with eclampsia. Most patients were aged ≤ 25 years and the median length of stay in this study was 2 days. HELLP syndrome was found in 9 patients (27.3%) and DIC in 1 (3%) patient. There were five patients with ventilator and three patients died due to eclampsia. Conclusion: Most patients in this study were patients with eclampsia and the mortality rate was 9.1%.Keywords: severe preeclampsia, eclampsia, ICU, HCU Abstrak: Preeklamsia didefinisikan sebagai hipertensi dalam kehamilan yang terjadi setelah minggu ke- 20 kehamilan, sedangkan eklamsia adalah onset baru aktifitas kejang grand mal dan merupakan salah satu komplikasi dari preeklamsia. Preeklamsia dan eklamsia masih menjadi penyebab utama tingginya angka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia (1,5%-25%). Preeklamsia berat menjadi indikasi pasien obstetri masuk ke ICU. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pasien preeklamsia berat dan eklamsia yang dirawat di ICU dan HCU RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif retrospektif. Data diperoleh melalui data rekam medik pasien yang dirawat di ICU dan HCU periode September 2014 - Agustus 2016 dan didapatkan sebanyak 33 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Total pasien preeklamsia berat ialah 11 orang (33%) dan eklamsia sebanyak 22 orang (67%). Usia ≤25 tahun ialah usia terbanyak dan median lama rawat dalam penelitian ini ialah 2 hari. Kejadian HELLP syndrome pada kasus ini sebanyak 9 orang (27,3%) dan DIC sebanyak 1 orang (3%). Pasien dengan ventilator sebanyak 5 orang dan pasien yang meninggal akibat eklamsia sebanyak 3 orang. Simpulan: Dalam penelitian ini pasien terbanyak ialah pasien eklamsia dengan angka kematian 9,1%. Kata kunci: preeklamsia berat, eklamsia, ICU, HCU

scholarly journals PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBIOTICS IN CAESAREAN DELIVERIES IN A TERITIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
RAJASREE GADDE ◽  
SAJANA GOGINENI ◽  
KANCHARLA CHANDANA SRI ◽  
JIRRA INDRAJA ◽  
MARADANI BRAHMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Nice Guidelines ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Collection Form

Objective: Prophylactic antibiotics are used to prevent post-operative infections after Caesarean Section. Studies have suggested a significant role in the timing of prophylaxis. The aim of the study was to evaluate the pattern of antibiotics used and to identify the frequency of post-operative infections in patients undergoing Caesarean Section. Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out for 6 mo. A total of 120 patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited into the study. Data collection form was prepared using NICE guidelines. A total of 120 medical records were analysed. Results: The results revealed that out of 120 study subjects, prophylactic antibiotics Cefotaxime, Metronidazole and Cefixime were used in 119 (99.17%). Conclusion: This study concludes that giving prophylactic antibiotics before skin incision reduces risk of post-operative infections in women undergoing Caesarean Section. As the patients did not produce any infections post-surgery 3rd generation Cephalosporins along with Nitro-imidazoles can be considered as an effective prophylactic therapy for use during caesarean sections.

scholarly journals The association of triglyceride levels with the incidence of initial and recurrent acute pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Sanchez ◽  
Wenzhen Ge ◽  
Wenhui Wei ◽  
Manish P. Ponda ◽  
Robert S. Rosenson
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Baseline Period ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Recurrent Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Background This retrospective cohort study assessed the annualized incidence rate (IR) of acute pancreatitis (AP) in a nationally representative US adult population, as well as the variation in the risk of AP events across strata of triglyceride (TG) levels. Methods Data were obtained from IQVIA’s US Ambulatory Electronic Medical Records (EMR) database linked with its LRxDx Open Claims database. Inclusion criteria included ≥1 serum TG value during the overlapping study period of the EMR and claims databases, ≥1 claim in the 12-month baseline period, and ≥ 1 claim in the 12 months post index. All TG measurements were assigned to the highest category reached: < 2.26, ≥2.26 to ≤5.65, > 5.65 to ≤9.94, > 9.94, and > 11.29 mmol/L (< 200, ≥200 to ≤500, > 500 to ≤880, > 880, and > 1000 mg/dL, respectively). The outcome of interest was AP, defined as a hospitalization event with AP as the principal diagnosis. Results In total, 7,119,195 patients met the inclusion/exclusion criteria, of whom 4158 (0.058%) had ≥1 AP events in the prior 12 months. Most patients (83%) had TGs < 2.26 mmol/L (< 200 mg/dL), while < 1% had TGs > 9.94 mmol/L (> 880 mg/dL). Overall, the IR of AP was low (0.08%; 95% confidence internal [CI], 0.08–0.08%), but increased with increasing TGs (0.08% in TGs < 2.26 mmol/L [< 200 mg/dL] to 1.21% in TGs > 11.29 mmol/L [> 1000 mg/dL]). In patients with a prior history of AP, the IR of AP increased dramatically; patients with ≥2 AP events at baseline had an IR of 29.98% (95% CI, 25.1–34.9%). Conclusion The risk of AP increases with increasing TG strata; however, the risk increases dramatically among patients with a recent history of AP.

Comparison of Working Length Determination in Mandibular Single-Rooted Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Ruqayya Sana ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Farzana Rehman ◽  
Rashid Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Conventional Radiograph ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Electronic Apex Locator

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to compare working length calculated with conventional radiographs and an electronic apex locator (IPEX II) during the root canal treatment of mandibular anterior teeth. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Operative Dentistry, Sardar Begum Dental Hospital, Peshawar during February and March 2018. A consecutive sampling technique was used for sampling. Only 30 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Detailed medical and dental history was taken. Only patient fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: The mean age for patients was 45.33±5.16. 33% out of 30 patients (10) were male and 20 were females. The mean working length calculated from radiographs was 22.25±1.29 (min 20.09-max 24.10). The mean working length calculated by the electronic apex locator (IPEX II) was 22.17±1.28 (min 20.00-max 24.07). The mean difference between working length calculated by radiograph and electronic apex locator was -0.084mm, which means the working length determined by radiographs and by electronic apex locator has no difference in mandibular anterior teeth with single canals. CONCLUSION: Both the methods can be used effectively in endodontics for single-rooted mandibular teeth, but if both are used in combinations can lead to an improvement in the working length accuracy, which may significantly reduce the number of radiographs exposure, and increase the success and comfort for endodontic patients. KEYWORDS: Working Length, Apex Locator, Conventional Radiograph

scholarly journals Under-reported COVID-19 cases in South Asian countries

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Soban Qadir Khan ◽  
Imran Alam Moheet ◽  
Faraz Ahmed Farooqi ◽  
Muhanad Alhareky ◽  
Faisal Alonaizan
Keyword(s):  
South Asian ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Exponential Increase ◽  
The People ◽  
First Case

Background: The purpose of the study was to compare  trends in the progression of COVID-19 among South Asian countries with more developed Western countries. Methods: COVID-19 data from South Asian countries were used for this observational study. Data were taken up to April 21, 2020 from the outbreak of the COVID-19. Four of the seven countries met the inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Results: An exponential increase in the average number of weekly cases was reported after the fifth week following the first case. The correlation between reported cases and tests was found to be strong and significant (r=0.90, p=0.037). However, on average, 315.25 tests per million population were performed, which was at least 12 times lower than the number of tests performed in countries with a large number of COVID-19 cases. Conclusions: At present, the number of confirmed cases from South Asia was found to be significantly lower than in Western countries. Hence, an increase in the strength of performing diagnostic tests is highly recommended. Strict measures are required to make the people of these countries follow the instructions of social distancing and comply with preventive measures.

scholarly journals Potential Incompatibility Problem of Intravenous Drugs’ Administration among Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Ardhanarishwari Umi Salamah ◽  
Fita Rahmawati ◽  
Fivy Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Dosage Form ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Icu Patients ◽  
Injectable Drugs ◽  
Intravenous Drugs

Drugs’ administration among hospitalized patients in ICU commonly is given intravenously. Mixing the intravenous drugs may result in incompatibility problem that might affect the drugs’ stability and bioavailability. The aim of the study was to investigate the potential incompatibility problem of  intravenous mixing drugs’ administration among ICU patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Hospital. This study was a cross-sectional study in which design and data was obtained from ICU patients’ medical record retrospectively with purposive sampling in order to observe the pattern of intravenous drug’s combination. The potential incompatibility problem was analyzed using Handbook on Injectable Drugs. There were 79 out of 119 medical records which fulfilled sample inclusion criteria taken in this study. Parenteral dosage form was commonly used rather than non parenteral (62.06%) among ICUs’ patients. The potential incompatibility pattern consisted of incompatibility of intravenous drugs, electrolyte solutions/parenteral nutritions in mixture form, and the electrolyte solutions/parenteral nutritions, which are administrated simultaneously. Potential incompatibility of intravenous dosage was found in 50 events out of 79 patients (0.63 events per patients), which consisted of 8 events (8.51%) in using of drugs administrated simultaneously, 10 events (19.23%) in using of electrolyte solutions/parenteral nutritions in mixture form, and 32 events (11.72%) in using of electrolyte solutions/parenteral nutritions administrated simultaneously. Common potential incompatibilities types were precipitation of drugs and drug’s adsorption to packaging materials.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN TERAPI GEA (GASTROENTERITIS ) PADA PASIEN ANAK DI RSUD BATARA SIANG PANGKEP SULSEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-198
Author(s):  
Dwi Fitrah Wahyuni ◽  
Riska Riska
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Appropriate Therapy

GEA (Gastroenteritis) or diarrhea is a disease caused by digestive tract disorders that are infected by bacteria. Treatment of early diarrhea, especially the choice of initial therapy, greatly affects the success of providing appropriate and appropriate therapy. This study aims to determine the rationality of therapy in pediatric patients at Batara Siang Pangkep Regional Hospital, South Sulawesi City. This study is a non-experimental study with a retrospective descriptive evaluation study using patient medical records. The samples that met the inclusion criteria were 65 patients. Acute diarrhea was mostly found in men as many as 38 patients (58%) while for women as many as 27 patients (42%). Characteristics of age 1-3 years (82%). The result showed that there are 3 therapeutic regimen in pediatric patient namely cotrimoxazole,electrolit, and zinc. So from these data meet the standards of management of diarrheal disease in children.

The Rationality of Using Diclofenac in Outpatient Cases of Osteoarthritis of RSUP MH Palembang Period January-March 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
Dara Prameswari ◽  
Nita Parisa ◽  
Muhammad Totong Kamaluddin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Synergistic Interaction ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Correct Dose ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lowback Pain

Rationality of Diclofenac Use in Osteoarthritis Outpatient Case at RSUP MHPalembang in January-March 2018. Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common diseasein joints that affects people in their middle until late years. In Indonesia the prevalenceof OA is relatively high and disturbs their daily activity. Diclofenac is one of the drug ofchoice in treating OA. To avoid multiple side effects from Diclofenac use, the usagemust be in accordance to rationality indicators which are correct dose, correctfrequency, and correct length of use. This study is aimed to know the rationality ofDiclofenac use in Osteoarthritis outpatient cases at RSUP Mohammad HoesinPalembang. This study is a descriptive observational with a cross-sectional approachto know the rationality of Diclofenac use in outpatient cases of osteoarthritis at RSUPMohammad Hoesin Palembang. Samples were medical records of OA patients inoutpatient setting from January to March 2018 which fulfilled the inclusion andexclusion criteria. Sampling technique used was total sampling. The amount ofsamples fulfilling the inclusion criteria were 201 patients, with the most were aged 46-65 years (60.2%), female (55.7%), and has a history of comorbidity which includes lowback pain (22.8%). The result of this study shows pattern of Diclofenac use with dosageof 2 x 25mg (73.6%), length of use about <7 days (57.2%). In combination with otherdrugs there were no interaction to be found (84.4%), or synergistic interaction (8.5%)and antagonistic interaction (7.1%). The use of diclofenac in osteoarthritis cases atoutpatient setting in RSUP Dr Mohammad Hoesin Palembang is rational and needs tobe maintained.

scholarly journals MONITORING OF ANTICONVULSANT DRUG SIDE EFFECTS IN OUTPATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 303
Author(s):  
Santi Purna Sari ◽  
Natasha Kurnia Salma S ◽  
Alfina Rianti
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Anticonvulsant Drug ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Effect Monitoring

Objective: This study aimed to monitor the side effects of carbamazepine, phenytoin, and valproic acid, and combinations of these drugs in adultpatients with epilepsy, to raise awareness of the importance of drug side effect monitoring in hospitals.Methods: In this prospective study, descriptive data were collected from patients who met the inclusion criteria of complete samples. Primary datawere obtained using questionnaires, secondary data were collected from medical records, and analyses were performed using the Naranjo algorithm.Results: Among the 54 included patients, 38 (70.37%) of them experienced drug side effects, and the most frequently observed side effect occurredin 48.15% of study subjects.Conclusion: No correlation was identified between side effects and age (p=0.903) or gender (p=1.000).

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