scholarly journals miR-129-5p Inhibits Adipogenesis through Autophagy and May Be a Potential Biomarker for Obesity

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Fu ◽  
Lina Jin ◽  
Luyu Han ◽  
Yini Yuan ◽  
Qian Mu ◽  
...  

Introduction. Obesity has an unclear pathogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may function as biologically active molecules for obesity through regulating adipocyte differentiation. This study aimed to identify how miR-129-5p (a specific miRNA) regulates adipogenesis in vitro and explore its possible role in the pathogenesis of obesity in humans. Materials and Methods. The miR-129-5p expression was detected in obese mouse models. The effect of miR-129-5p on adipocyte differentiation was observed, and the adipose markers were analyzed. Bioinformatics and dual-luciferase reporter assay were applied to predict and confirm the target genes of miR-129-5p. The human serum samples were detected and analyzed. Results. miR-129-5p is highly expressed in adipose tissues of db/db mice. Gain- and loss-of-function studies show that miR-129-5p could significantly inhibit adipocyte differentiation and white adipocyte browning in vitro and decreases the level of specific markers, such as FABP4, UCP1, and PPARγ, in mature white and brown adipocytes. miR-129-5p directly targets ATG7 which is predicted with bioinformatics and confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Serum miR-129-5p level was evidently elevated in patients with simple obesity (p<0.01) and correlates with obesity indices, including BMI (r = 0.407, p<0.029) and fat percentage (r = 0.394, p<0.038). Conclusion. miR-129-5p might target on the ATG7-related autophagy signaling network that regulates white and brown adipogenesis. Importantly, the aforementioned results suggest serum miR-129-5p might be a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for obesity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 153303382098010
Author(s):  
Chuan Cheng ◽  
Huixia Li ◽  
Jiujian Zheng ◽  
Jie Xu ◽  
Peng Gao ◽  
...  

Objective: LncRNAs are non-coding RNAs exerting vital roles in the occurrence and development of various cancer types. This study tended to describe the expression pattern of FENDRR in colorectal cancer (CRC), and further investigate the role of FENDRR in CRC cell biological behaviors. Methods: Gene expression profile of colon cancer was accessed from the TCGA database, and then processed for differential analysis for identification of differentially expressed lncRNAs and miRNAs. Some in vitro experiments like qRT-PCR, MTT, colony formation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell assay were performed to assess the effect of FENDRR on cell biological behaviors. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to further validate the targeting relationship between FENDRR and miR-424-5p, and rescue experiments were carried out for determining the mechanism of FENDRR/miR-424-5p underlying the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells. Results: Bioinformatics analysis suggested that FENDRR was significantly down-regulated in CRC tissue, and low FENDRR was intimately correlated to poor prognosis. FENDRR overexpression could greatly inhibit cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Besides, there was a negative correlation between FENDRR and miR-424-5p. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated that miR-424-5p was a direct target of FENDRR. Rescue experiments discovered that FENDRR exerted its role in cell proliferation, migration and invasion in CRC via targeting miR-424-5p. Conclusion: FENDRR is poorly expressed in CRC tissue and cells, and low FENDRR is responsible for the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC by means of targeting miR-424-5p.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Yuning ◽  
Chen Liang ◽  
Wang Tenghuan ◽  
Nan Zhenhua ◽  
Shengkai Gong

Abstract The aim of the study was to explore the function and mechanism of lincRNA PADNA in bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. Mouse DRG neurons were cultured in vitro and treated with bupivacaine to establish the neurotoxicity model. Caspase3 activity, cell viability, tunel assay were analyzed to assess the role of lincRNA PADNA. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to determine the binding target of lincRNA PANDA. The expression of lincRNA PADNA was significantly increased with the increasing concentration of bupivacaine. Functional analysis revealed that knockdown of lincRNA PADNA accelerated the caspase3 activity and inhibited the cell viability. Western blot showed that knockdown of lincRNA PADNA promoted the occurrence of cleaved-caspase3. We also proved that lincRNA PADNA may bind with miR-194. Overexpression of miR-194 could rescued the function of lincRNA PADNA, suggesting that lincRNA PADNA may sponge miR-194. In addition, we provided new evidences that lincRNA PADNA/miR-194/FBXW7 axis play an important role in the neurotoxicity process. We performed comprehensive experiments to verify the function and mechanism of lincRNA PADNA in bupivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. Our study provided new evidences and clues for prevention of neurotoxicity.


2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobing Liu ◽  
Xing Luo ◽  
Yuqi Wu ◽  
Ding Xia ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
...  

Background/Aims: Treatment options for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are limited and typically centered on paclitaxel-based chemotherapy. In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether miR-34a attenuates chemoresistance to paclitaxel by regulating target genes associated with drug resistance. Methods: We used data from The Cancer Genome Atlas to compare miR-34a expression levels in prostate cancer (PC) tissues with normal prostate tissues. The effects of miR-34a inhibition and overexpression on PC proliferation were evaluated in vitro via Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) proliferation, colony formation, apoptosis, and cell-cycle assays. A luciferase reporter assay was employed to identify the interactions between miR-34a and specific target genes. To determine the effects of up-regulation of miR-34a on tumor growth and chemo-resistance in vivo, we injected PC cells overexpressing miR-34a into nude mice subcutaneously and evaluated the rate of tumor growth during paclitaxel treatment. We examined changes in the expression levels of miR-34a target genes JAG1 and Notch1 and their downstream genes via miR-34a transfection by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot assay. Results: miR-34a served as an independent predictor of reduced patient survival. MiR-34a was down-regulated in PC-3PR cells compared with PC-3 cells. The CCK-8 assay showed that miR-34a overexpression resulted in increased sensitivity to paclitaxel while miR-34a down-regulation resulted in chemoresistance to paclitaxel in vitro. A study of gain and loss in a series of functional assays revealed that PC cells expressing miR-34a were chemosensitive. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-34a increased the sensitivity of PC-3PR cells to chemotherapy in vivo. The luciferase reporter assay confirmed that JAG1 and Notch1 were directly targeted by miR-34a. Interestingly, western blot analysis and qRT-PCR confirmed that miR-34a inhibited the Notch1 signaling pathway. We found that miR-34a increased the chemosensitivity of PC-3PR cells by directly repressing the TCF1/ LEF1 axis. Conclusion: Our results showed that miR-34a is involved in the development of chemosensitivity to paclitaxel. By regulating the JAG1/Notch1 axis, miR-34a or its target genes JAG1 or Notch1 might serve as potential predictive biomarkers of response to paclitaxel-based chemotherapy and/or therapeutic targets that will help to overcome chemoresistance at the mCRPC stage.


2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 711-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Ta ◽  
Xiaoyi Huang ◽  
Kailian Zheng ◽  
Yunshuo Zhang ◽  
Yisha Gao ◽  
...  

Background/Aims: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs that play diverse roles in pancreatic carcinogenesis. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), NF-kB is constitutively activated in most patients and is linked to a mutation in KRAS via IkB kinase complex 1 (IKK1, also known as IKKa). We investigated the link between PDAC aggressiveness and miR-1290. Methods: We used miRCURYTM LNA Array and in situ hybridization to investigate candidate miRNAs and validated the findings with PCR. The malignant behavior of cell lines was assessed with Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, and Transwell assays. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to evaluate the interaction between miR-1290 and IKK1. Protein expression was observed by western blotting. Results: In this study, 36 miRNAs were dysregulated in high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) and PDAC tissues compared with low-grade PanIN tissues. The area under the curve values of miR-1290 and miR-31-5p were 0.829 and 0.848, respectively (95% confidence interval, 0.722–0.936 and 0.749–0.948, both P < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between miR-1290 and histological differentiation (P = 0.029), pT stage (P = 0.006), and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.001). In addition, the in vitro work showed that miR-1290 promoted PDAC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Western blotting and the dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-1290 promoted cancer aggressiveness by directly targeting IKK1. The synergist effect of miR-1290 on the proliferation and metastasis of PDAC cells was attenuated and enhanced by IKK1 overexpression and knockdown, respectively. Consistent with the in vitro results, a subcutaneous tumor mouse model showed that miR-1290 functioned as a potent promoter of PDAC in vivo. Conclusion: MiR-1290 may act as an oncogene by directly targeting the 3’-untranslated region of IKK1, and the miR-1290/IKK1 pathway may prove to be a novel diagnostic and therapeutic target for PDAC.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaochu Liu ◽  
Di Huo ◽  
Qunhui Wang ◽  
Chuanqi Lv ◽  
Ziqiang Liu ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: The proto-oncogene c-Myb plays an important role in the proliferation of cells and its upregulation affects the development of glioblastomas. G-quadruplexes are secondary structures of DNA or RNA that usually form in the promoter region of oncogenes, including c-Myb, and regulate the expression of these genes. The traditional Chinese medicine brucine is a ligand of G-quadruplexes located in the promoter region of c-Myb. In this study, the U87 cell line was used both in vitro and in vivo to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of brucine. Methods: MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to determine the effect of brucine on the cell cycle, viability, and apoptosis of U87 cells. The effects of brucine on transcription and expression of c-Myb were determined through RT-PCR and western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry were used to investigate whether brucine acts directly and binds G-quadruplexes in the promoter region of c-Myb, respectively. Results: The results showed that brucine suppressed the growth of U87 cells in vitro by arresting the cell cycle and reducing the expression of c-Myb. Through the dual luciferase reporter assay, brucine was found to inhibit the expression of c-Myb by targeting the guanine-rich sequence that forms G-quadruplexes in the c-Myb promoter. Moreover, U87 tumors were suppressed by brucine in a tumor xenograft nude mice model. Conclusion: The findings of the study indicate that brucine is a potentially effective medicine for treatment of glioblastomas.


2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 870-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxiao Tang ◽  
Wentao Jia ◽  
Xiaowen Niu ◽  
Lusha Wu ◽  
Hui Shen ◽  
...  

Background/Aims: Iron overload (IO) is accompanied by hepatic inflammation. The chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) mediates inflammation, and its overexpression is associated with IO. However, whether IO results in CCL2 overexpression in the liver and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Methods: We subjected mice to IO by administering intraperitoneal injections of dextran-iron or by feeding mice a 3% dextran-iron diet to observe the effects of IO on miR-122/CCL2 expression through real-time qPCR and Western blot analysis. We also used indicators, including the expression of the inflammatory cytokine, the inflammation score based on H&E staining and the serum content of ALT and AST to evaluate the effects of IO on hepatic inflammation. Meanwhile, we observed the effects of vitamin E on IO-induced hepatic inflammation. In cells, we used 100 µΜ FeSO4 or 30 µΜ Holo-Tf to produce IO and observed the roles of miR-122 in regulating CCL2 expression by using miR-122 mimics or inhibitors to overexpress or inhibit miR-122. Then, we used a dual-luciferase reporter assay to prove that miR-122 regulates CCL2 expression through direct binding to its complementary sequence in the CCL2 mRNA 3’UTR. Results: IO induces the downregulation of miR-122 and the upregulation of CCL2, as well as inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo. Although IO-induced oxidative stress is eliminated by the antioxidant vitamin E, IO-induced hepatic inflammation still exists, which probably can be explained by the fact that vitamin E has no effects on the miR-122/CCL2 pathway. In in vitro experiments, the overexpression and inhibition of miR-122 significantly reduced and increased CCL2 expression, respectively. The dual-luciferase reporter assay indicates that miR-122 binds CCL2 mRNA 3’UTR. Conclusion: We propose the roles of miR-122/CCL2 in IO-induced hepatic inflammation. Our studies should provide a new clue for developing clinical strategies for patients with IO.


2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 720-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingke Sun ◽  
Shumin Xu ◽  
Yanli Yan ◽  
Yusheng Li ◽  
Hongqiang Li ◽  
...  

Objective: To investigate the role of miR-205 and GATA3 in Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF). Methods: Bleomycin (BLM) was used to induce PF in SD rats and in vitro PF model was established by using TGFβ1-induced RLE-6TN cells. miR-205 mimics were used for the overexpression of miR- 205. The expression of miR-205, GATA3, α-SMA, Collagen I, CHOP and GRP78 were measured using RT-qPCR or western blotting. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm binding between GATA3 3’-UTR and miR-205. Results: The expression of miR-205 was significantly down-regulated, while the expression of GATA3 was remarkably up-regulated in the model rats. GATA3 levels were remarkably decreased when miR-205 was overexpressed. When miR-205 was overexpressed, the lung injury by BLM-induced fibrosis was improved. The expression of α-SMA, Collagen I, as well as GRP78 and CHOP, was significantly up-regulated in both in vivo and in vitro PF models, and overexpression of miR-205 remarkably reversed the effects. Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-205 directly targeted and negatively regulated GATA3. Conclusion: miR-205 improved pulmonary fibrosis through inhibiting ER-stress by targeting GATA3.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Cao ◽  
Yuan Wang ◽  
Yingjie Zhang ◽  
Yinping Zhang ◽  
Qi Huang ◽  
...  

Abstract Introduction: Renal interstitial fibrosis, an important pathological feature of kidney aging and chronic renal failure, is regulated by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We have previously demonstrated the high expression of miR-133b in MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) from old rats, which mediated the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal tubules induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). We investigated the effect of miR-133b for the treatment of geriatric renal interstitial fibrosis and evaluated its target genes.Methods: miR-133b expression induced during the EMT of HK2 cells by TGF-β1 at different concentrations (0, 6, 8, and 10 ng/mL) and time points (0, 24, 48, and 72 h) was detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The target genes of miR-133b were validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. In vitro experiments were performed to observe mRNA and protein expression of miR-133b targets, E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), fibronectin, and collagen 3A1 (Col3A1), in HK2 cells transfected with miR-133b under TGF-β1 stimulation. A 24-week-old unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mouse model was established and injected with transfection reagent and miR-133b into the caudal vein. miR-133b、 target gene and other indexes mentioned above mRNA and protein levels and renal interstitial fibrosis were detected at 7 and 14 days.Results: miR-133b expression gradually decreased with an increase in TGF-β1 concentration and treatment time, and miR-133b mimic downregulated connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed CTGF as a direct target of miR-133b. miR-133b mimic transfection inhibited the TGF-β1-induced EMT of HK2 cells; this effect was reversed by CTGF overexpression. miRNA-133b expression significantly increased (approximately 70-100 times) in mouse kidneys after injection of the miRNA-133b overexpression complex, significantly alleviating renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO mice.Conclusion: miR-133b exerted targeted inhibitory effects on CTGF expression, consequently reducing the TGF-β1-induced EMT of HK2 cells and renal interstitial fibrosis in old UUO mice.


2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1964-1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Gao ◽  
Rong-quan He ◽  
Hua-yu Wu ◽  
Tong-tong Zhang ◽  
Hai-wei Liang ◽  
...  

Background/Aims: The purpose of this study was to probe the clinico-pathological significance and the underlying mechanism of miR-30d-5p expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We initially examined the level of miR-30d-5p expression in NSCLC and non-cancer tissues using RT-qPCR. Then, a series of validation analyses including a meta-analysis of data from microarray chips in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), data mining of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and an integrated meta-analysis incorporating GEO microarray chips, TCGA data, in-house RT-qPCR and literature studies were performed to examine the clinico-pathological value of miR-30d-5p expression in NSCLC. In vitro experiments were further conducted to investigate the impact of miR-30d-5p on NSCLC cell growth. The molecular mechanism by which miR-30d-5p regulates the pathogenesis of NSCLC was probed through a bioinformatics analysis of its target genes. Moreover, dual luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the targeting regulatory relationship between miR-30d-5p and CCNE2. Results: Based on results from RT-qPCR, GEO meta-analysis, TCGA data mining and the integrated meta-analysis incorporating GEO microarray chips, TCGA data, in-house RT-qPCR and literature studies, miR-30d-5p expression was decreased in NSCLC tissues, and patients with NSCLC who presented with lower miR-30d-5p expression tended to display an advanced clinical progression. Significant pathways including the Mucin type O-glycan biosynthesis pathway, cell cycle pathway and cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway (all P< 0.05) revealed potential roles of the target genes of miR-30d-5p in the oncogenesis of NSCLC. Results from in vitro experiments indicated that miR-30d-5p could attenuate proliferation and viability of NSCLC cells. Among the 12 identified hub genes, nine genes including E2F3, CCNE2, SKP2, CDK6, TFDP1, LDHA, GOT2, DNMT3B and ST6GALNAC1 were validated by Pearson’s correlation test and the human protein atlas (HPA) database as targets of miR-30d-5p with higher probability. Specifically, dual luciferase reporter assay confirmed that CCNE2 was directly targeted by miR-30d-5p. Conclusion: In summary, miR-30d-5p expression is decreased in NSCLC, and it might play the role as tumor suppressor in NSCLC by regulating target genes.


Author(s):  
Qiaorong Li ◽  
Geng Wang ◽  
Hong Wang

The expression of miR-126 and serine‐arginine protein kinase 1 (SRPK1) are linked to tumor development; nevertheless, its role in the tumor growth and invasion of gastric cancer (GC) and the underlying mechanism have not been clarified. Here the expression and role of miR-126 and SRPK1 were investigated in GC tissues and cells by in vitro assay, and then targets of miR-126 were identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. In this study, miR-126 expression was downregulated and associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis as well as SRPK1 expression. In vitro assay revealed that miR-126 obviously inhibited the proliferative and invasive capabilities of GC cells. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-126 targets the 3′-UTR of SRPK1 and downregulates its expression. SRPK1 overexpression promoted cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, the reduced expression of miR-126 is suggestive of the risk of GC recurrence and metastasis, and miR-126 functions as a tumor suppressor by targeting SRPK1 expression in the development of GC.


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