scholarly journals Diagnosis of Parapneumonia Pleural Effusion with Serum and Pleural Fluid Cell-Free DNA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Chih-Min Su ◽  
Chia-Te Kung ◽  
Sheng-Yuan Hsiao ◽  
Nai-Wen Tsai ◽  
Yun-Ru Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Diagnostic Potential

Objective. As cell-free DNA levels in the pleural fluid and serum of parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE) patients have not been thoroughly explored, we evaluated their diagnostic potential. Methods. Twenty-two PPE and 16 non-PPE patients were evaluated. Serum and pleural fluids were collected, and cell-free DNA was quantified. All biomarkers were assessed for correlation with days after admission. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine diagnostic accuracy and optimal cut-off point. Results. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA levels in the pleural fluid and nuclear DNA levels in serum of PPE patients were significantly higher than in those of the non-PPE patients. However, only cell-free DNA levels in pleural fluid correlated with days after admission among PPE patients (r= 0.464, 0.538, respectively). ROC curve analysis showed that nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in pleural fluid had AUCs of 0.945 and 0.889, respectively. With cut-off values of 134.9 and 17.8 ng/ml for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in pleural fluid, respectively, 96% sensitivity and 81% specificity were observed for PPE diagnosis. Conclusion. Nuclear and mitochondrial DNA in pleural fluid possess PPE diagnostic potential and correlated with disease severity. Serum nuclear DNA could also be used to distinguish freshly admitted PPE patients (Day 1) from non-PPE patients, but with less accuracy.

Pleural Fluid Pseudouridine in Malignant and Benign Pleural Effusions

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
T W L Mak ◽  
S S Ho ◽  
C S Ho ◽  
M G Jones ◽  
C K W Lai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Malignant Pleural Effusions ◽  
Bonferroni Adjustment ◽  
Malignant Group

Pseudouridine in urine and plasma has been proved to be a useful tumour marker in many malignant conditions. We studied its usefulness in pleural fluid for distinguishing malignant from non-malignant pleural effusions. Pleural fluid pseudouridine concentrations in different groups of patients with pleural effusion (31 malignant, 29 benign, 16 unknown, 1 double pathology) was measured and compared. Its usefulness in distinguishing malignant from non-malignant pleural effusions was analysed by receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Pseudouridine concentrations in the malignant group were significantly higher than the non-malignant group ( P < 0.017, Bonferroni adjustment) with values overlapping extensively at the lower end. The area-under-the curve (AUC) value in the ROC curve analysis was 0.675 ( P < 0.05). We conclude that the pleural fluid pseudouridine is of limited clinical value in distinguishing malignant from non-malignant pleural effusion due to its extensive overlap. However, it is useful when the concentration is higher than 65 μmol/L, which indicates malignancy.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Parapneumonia Pleural Effusion With Serum and Pleural Effusion Activin A

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghui Zhou ◽  
Yi Shan ◽  
Zhiwei Tang ◽  
Ruhua Chen ◽  
Yan Fen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Activin A ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Parapneumonic Pleural Effusion

Abstract Background We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of Activin A levels in serum and pleural effusion on parapneumonic pleural effusion (PPE). Methods We collected serum and pleural effusion from 86 PPE and 37 non-PPE (NPPE) patients. Including Activin A, levels of biomarkers as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. All factors were calculated for association with days after admission. The diagnostic potential of biomarkers on PPE was considered by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results Levels of Activin A in serum and pleural effusion of PPE patients were significantly higher than those of the NPPE patients. Moreover, concentrations of Activin A in pleural effusion showed a more obvious relevant days after admission. ROC curve analysis found that Activin A in pleural effusion had AUCs of 0.899 with 93% sensitivity and 84% specificity for PPE diagnosis. Conclusion Activin A in pleural effusion correlated with disease severity could act to diagnosis PPE.

Pleural fluid cell-free DNA in parapneumonic pleural effusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 (15) ◽  
pp. 1003-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose D. Santotoribio ◽  
Jose L. Cabrera-Alarcón ◽  
Paula Batalha-Caetano ◽  
Hada C. Macher ◽  
Juan M. Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Parapneumonic Pleural Effusion ◽  
Fluid Cell

scholarly journals Quantitative Analysis of Pleural Fluid Cell-free DNA as a Tool for the Classification of Pleural Effusions

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 740-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H M Chan ◽  
Kai Ming Chow ◽  
Anthony T C Chan ◽  
Chi Bon Leung ◽  
Lisa Y S Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Quantitative Real Time Pcr ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Fluid Cell

Abstract Background: Recently, much interest has been focused on the quantification of DNA in miscellaneous body fluids. In this study, the application is extended to classifying pleural effusions by measuring cell-free DNA in pleural fluid. Methods: We recruited 50 consecutive patients with pleural effusions with informed consent. Pleural fluids were centrifuged at 13 000g, with supernatants aliquoted for extraction and analysis of β-globin DNA sequence by quantitative real-time PCR. Serum and pleural fluid biochemistries were performed to classify pleural effusions using the modified criteria of Light et al. (Ann Intern Med 1972;77:507–13). The ROC curve was plotted to determine the cutoff DNA concentration for classifying pleural fluids as transudates or exudates. Indicators of diagnostic accuracy were calculated for both pleural fluid DNA and modified criteria of Light et al., using the discharge, microbiologic, and histologic diagnoses as the reference standard. Results: The area under the ROC curve was 0.95 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.84–0.99]. At 509 genome-equivalents/mL, pleural fluid DNA alone correctly classified 46 of 50 pleural effusions with 91% sensitivity (95% CI, 76–98%), 88% specificity (95% CI, 64–98%), and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 7.7 (95% CI, 3.1–19.5) and 0.10 (95% CI, 0.04–0.27), respectively. With the modified criteria of Light et al., 43 of 50 pleural effusions were correctly classified with 97% sensitivity (95% CI, 91–100%) and 67% specificity (95% CI, 45–89%). There were significant correlations between cell-free DNA and both lactate dehydrogenase and total protein in pleural fluid, suggesting their common origin. Conclusions: Pleural fluid DNA concentrations are markedly increased in exudative effusions, making it a potential new tool to evaluate the etiologic causes of pleural effusions.

scholarly journals Evaluating the presence of deregulated tumoral onco-microRNAs in serum-derived exosomes of gastric cancer patients as noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers

Bioimpacts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houman Kahroba ◽  
Nasser Samadi ◽  
Mostafa Mostafazadeh ◽  
Mohamad Saied Hejazi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sadeghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Mirna Expression ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Mirna Expression Profile ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Purpose ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Serum Exosomes

Introduction: Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging diagnostic biomarkers for different types of cancers. We aim to detect gastric cancer (GC)-specific miRNAs in serum exosomes with diagnostic potential. Methods: A pair of 43 tumor and tumor-adjacent tissue biopsies obtained from GC patients, also 5 mL peripheral blood (following 12h fasting) were collected from the same patients and healthy controls (HCs). QIAGEN miRCURY LNA miRNA Focus PCR Panel applied to screen differentially expressed onco-miRNAs. The candidate miRNAs with the highest fold changes proceeded for validation by qRT-PCR in individuals. Results: We identified that exosomal miR-10a-5p, miR-19b-3p, miR-215-5p, and miR-18a-5p were significantly upregulated in GC patient’s exosomes in contrast to HCs exosomes, Roc curve analysis indicated area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.801, 0.721, 0.780 and 0.736 respectively. The Roc curve analysis for the combined signature of four exosomal miRNAs indicated AUC of 0.813. Also, Spearman's correlation coefficients indicated that the miRNA expression is highly correlated between tumor and exosome. Conclusion: Herein, we specifically identified four miRNAs in serum exosomes of GC patients for a diagnostic purpose which are directly associated with tumoral miRNA expression profile.

Cell free DNA as an evolving liquid biopsy biomarker for initial diagnosis and therapeutic nursing in Cancer- An evolving aspect in Medical Biotechnology

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Kumar Ray ◽  
Sukhes Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Fragment Size ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Free Dna

: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is present in numerous body fluids in addition to initiates generally from blood cells. It is undoubtedly the utmost promising tool among all components of liquid biopsy. Liquid biopsy is a specialized method investigating the nonsolid biological tissue by revealing of circulating cells, cell free DNA etc. that enter body fluids. Since, cancer cells disengage from compact tumors circulate in peripheral blood, evaluating blood of cancer patients holds the opportunities for capture and molecular level analysis of various tumor-derived constituents. Cell free DNA samples can deliver a significant perceptions into oncology, for instance tumor heterogeneity, instantaneous tumor development, response to therapy and treatment, comprising immunotherapy and mechanisms of cancer metastasis. Malignant growth at any phase can outhouse tumor cells in addition to fragments of neoplasticity causing DNA into circulatory system giving noble sign of mutation in the tumor at sampling time. Liquid biopsy distinguishes diverse blood based evolving biomarkers comprising circulating tumor cells (CTCs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) or cfDNA, circulating RNA (cfRNA) and exosomes. Cell free DNA are little DNA fragments found circulating in plasma or serum, just as other fluids present in our body. Cell free DNA involves primarily double stranded nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA, present both on a surface level and in the lumen of vesicles. The probable origins of the tumor-inferred portion of cfDNA are apoptosis or tumor necrosis, lysis of CTCs or release of DNA from the tumor cells into circulation. The evolution of innovations, refinement and improvement in therapeutics for determination of cfDNA fragment size and its distribution provide significant information related with pathological conditions of the cell, thus emerging as promising indicator for clinical output in medical biotechnology.

Acute heart failure: predicting early in-hospital outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Santos ◽  
S Paula ◽  
I Almeida ◽  
H Santos ◽  
H Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Acute Heart Failure ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Introduction Patients (P) with acute heart failure (AHF) are a heterogeneous population. Risk stratification at admission may help predict in-hospital complications and needs. The Get With The Guidelines Heart Failure score (GWTG-HF) predicts in-hospital mortality (M) of P admitted with AHF. ACTION ICU score is validated to estimate the risk of complications requiring ICU care in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes. Objective To validate ACTION-ICU score in AHF and to compare ACTION-ICU to GWTG-HF as predictors of in-hospital M (IHM), early M [1-month mortality (1mM)] and 1-month readmission (1mRA), using real-life data. Methods Based on a single-center retrospective study, data collected from P admitted in the Cardiology department with AHF between 2010 and 2017. P without data on previous cardiovascular history or uncompleted clinical data were excluded. Statistical analysis used chi-square, non-parametric tests, logistic regression analysis and ROC curve analysis. Results Among the 300 P admitted with AHF included, mean age was 67.4 ± 12.6 years old and 72.7% were male. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 131.2 ± 37.0mmHg, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 57.1 ± 23.5ml/min. 35.3% were admitted in Killip-Kimball class (KKC) 4. ACTION-ICU score was 10.4 ± 2.3 and GWTG-HF was 41.7 ± 9.6. Inotropes’ usage was necessary in 32.7% of the P, 11.3% of the P needed non-invasive ventilation (NIV), 8% needed invasive ventilation (IV). IHM rate was 5% and 1mM was 8%. 6.3% of the P were readmitted 1 month after discharge. Older age (p &lt; 0.001), lower SBP (p = 0,035) and need of inotropes (p &lt; 0.001) were predictors of IHM in our population. As expected, patients presenting in KKC 4 had higher IHM (OR 8.13, p &lt; 0.001). Older age (OR 1.06, p = 0.002, CI 1.02-1.10), lower SBP (OR 1.01, p = 0.05, CI 1.00-1.02) and lower left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR 1.06, p &lt; 0.001, CI 1.03-1.09) were predictors of need of NIV. None of the variables were predictive of IV. LVEF (OR 0.924, p &lt; 0.001, CI 0.899-0.949), lower SBP (OR 0.80, p &lt; 0.001, CI 0.971-0.988), higher urea (OR 1.01, p &lt; 0.001, CI 1.005-1.018) and lower sodium (OR 0.92, p = 0.002, CI 0.873-0.971) were predictors of inotropes’ usage. Logistic regression showed that GWTG-HF predicted IHM (OR 1.12, p &lt; 0.001, CI 1.05-1.19), 1mM (OR 1.10, p = 1.10, CI 1.04-1.16) and inotropes’s usage (OR 1.06, p &lt; 0.001, CI 1.03-1.10), however it was not predictive of 1mRA, need of IV or NIV. Similarly, ACTION-ICU predicted IHM (OR 1.51, p = 0.02, CI 1.158-1.977), 1mM (OR 1.45, p = 0.002, CI 1.15-1.81) and inotropes’ usage (OR 1.22, p = 0.002, CI 1.08-1.39), but not 1mRA, the need of IV or NIV. ROC curve analysis revealed that GWTG-HF score performed better than ACTION-ICU regarding IHM (AUC 0.774, CI 0.46-0-90 vs AUC 0.731, CI 0.59-0.88) and 1mM (AUC 0.727, CI 0.60-0.85 vs AUC 0.707, CI 0.58-0.84). Conclusion In our population, both scores were able to predict IHM, 1mM and inotropes’s usage.

scholarly journals Presepsin values and prognostic nutritional index predict mortality in intensive care unit patients with sepsis: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Shimoyama ◽  
Osamu Umegaki ◽  
Noriko Kadono ◽  
Toshiaki Minami
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Prognostic Nutritional Index ◽  
Early Mortality ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Log Rank Test ◽  
Nutritional Index

Abstract Objective Sepsis is a major cause of mortality for critically ill patients. This study aimed to determine whether presepsin values can predict mortality in patients with sepsis. Results Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Log-rank test, and multivariate analysis identified presepsin values and Prognostic Nutritional Index as predictors of mortality in sepsis patients. Presepsin value on Day 1 was a predictor of early mortality, i.e., death within 7 days of ICU admission; ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.84, sensitivity of 89%, and specificity of 77%; and multivariate analysis showed an OR of 1.0007, with a 95%CI of 1.0001–1.0013 (p = 0.0320).

scholarly journals Soluble cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (sCTLA-4) as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis in Glioma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiajia Liu ◽  
Xiaoyi Tian ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xixiong Kang ◽  
Wenqi Song
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis

Abstract Background The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is widely considered as a pivotal immune checkpoint molecule to suppress antitumor immunity. However, the significance of soluble CTLA-4 (sCTLA-4) remains unclear in the patients with brain glioma. Here we aimed to investigate the significance of serum sCTLA-4 levels as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis in glioma patients. Methods In this study, the levels of sCTLA-4 in serum from 50 patients diagnosed with different grade gliomas including preoperative and postoperative, and 50 healthy individuals were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). And then ROC curve analysis and survival analyses were performed to explore the clinical significance of sCTLA-4. Results Serum sCTLA-4 levels were significantly increased in patients with glioma compared to that of healthy individuals, and which was also positively correlated with the tumor grade. ROC curve analysis showed that the best cutoff value for sCTLA-4 for glioma is 112.1 pg/ml, as well as the sensitivity and specificity with 82.0 and 78.0%, respectively, and a cut-off value of 220.43 pg/ml was best distinguished in patients between low-grade glioma group and high-grade glioma group with sensitivity 73.1% and specificity 79.2%. Survival analysis revealed that the patients with high sCTLA-4 levels (> 189.64 pg/ml) had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) compared to those with low sCTLA-4 levels (≤189.64 pg/ml). In the univariate analysis, elder, high-grade tumor, high sCTLA-4 levels and high Ki-67 index were significantly associated with shorter PFS. In the multivariate analysis, sCTLA-4 levels and tumor grade remained an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion These findings indicated that serum sCTLA-4 levels play a critical role in the pathogenesis and development of glioma, which might become a valuable predictive biomarker for supplementary diagnosis and evaluation of the progress and prognosis in glioma.

scholarly journals Predictive CT features for the diagnosis of primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: comparison with squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Ban ◽  
Xinping Shen ◽  
Huijun Hu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Chuanmiao Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Ct Features

Abstract Background To determine the predictive CT imaging features for diagnosis in patients with primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinomas (PMECs). Materials and methods CT imaging features of 37 patients with primary PMECs, 76 with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 78 with adenocarcinomas were retrospectively reviewed. The difference of CT features among the PMECs, SCCs and adenocarcinomas was analyzed using univariate analysis, followed by multinomial logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results CT imaging features including tumor size, location, margin, shape, necrosis and degree of enhancement were significant different among the PMECs, SCCs and adenocarcinomas, as determined by univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Only lesion location, shape, margin and degree of enhancement remained independent factors in multinomial logistic regression analysis. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of the obtained multinomial logistic regression model was 0.805 (95%CI: 0.704–0.906). Conclusion The prediction model derived from location, margin, shape and degree of enhancement can be used for preoperative diagnosis of PMECs.

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