scholarly journals Comment on “Anion Gap Toxicity in Alloxan Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats Treated with Antidiabetic Noncytotoxic Bioactive Compounds of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera”

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Javad Beheshtipour
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Anion Gap Toxicity in Alloxan Induced Type 2 Diabetic Rats Treated with Antidiabetic Noncytotoxic Bioactive Compounds of Ethanolic Extract of Moringa oleifera

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Omabe ◽  
Chibueze Nwudele ◽  
Kenneth Nwobini Omabe ◽  
Albert Egwu Okorocha
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Anion Gap ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Moringa oleifera (MO) is used for a number of therapeutic purposes. This raises the question of safety and possible toxicity. The objective of the study was to ascertain the safety and possible metabolic toxicity in comparison with metformin, a known drug associated with acidosis. Animals confirmed with diabetes were grouped into 2 groups. The control group only received oral dose of PBS while the test group was treated with ethanolic extract of MO orally twice daily for 5-6 days. Data showed that the extract significantly lowered glucose level to normal values and did not cause any significant cytotoxicity compared to the control group (P=0.0698); there was no gain in weight between the MO treated and the control groups (P>0.8115). However, data showed that treatment with an ethanolic extract of MO caused a decrease in bicarbonate (P<0.0001), and more than twofold increase in anion gap (P<0.0001); metformin treatment also decreased bicarbonate (P<0.0001) and resulted in a threefold increase in anion gap (P<0.0001). Conclusively, these data show that while MO appears to have antidiabetic and noncytotoxic properties, it is associated with statistically significant anion gap acidosis in alloxan induced type 2 diabetic rats.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic potential of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf extract in type 2 diabetic rats, and its mechanism of action

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Tarique Anwer ◽  
Mohammed M. Safhi ◽  
Hafiz A. Makeen ◽  
Saeed Alshahrani ◽  
Rahimullah Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Dpp Iv ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Purpose: To explore the antidiabetic potential of Moringa oleifera leaf extract in type 2 diabetic rats, and the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ) at a dose of 40 mg/kg was given to high fat diet (HFD)- fed rats to induce type 2 diabetes. M. oleifera leaf extract at doses 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg were given to 3 groups of type 2 diabetic rats. The area under curve (AUC) of glucose and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R) were calculated using appropriate formulas, whereas levels of glucose,insulin, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPARγ, dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β and TNFα) were assayed using ELISA kits.Results: The leaf extract of M. oleifera significantly reduced the levels of glucose, insulin and cytokines in treated type 2 diabetic groups (p < 0.05). DC group had significantly increased AUC for glucose, whereas the extract-treated groups showed significant  decrease in glucose AUC. There was significant decrease in insulin sensitivity parameters, as indicated by increase in HOMA-R and decrease in PPARγ levels in the DC group (p < 0.05). However, treatment with the M. oleifera extract reversed this trend via marked decrease in HOMA-R level and significant rise in PPARγ level. In contrast, the extract had no effect on DPP-IV concentration in diabetic treated groups (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These results indicate that M. oleifera leaf extract mitigates hyperglycemia in type 2 DM by modulating hyperinsulinemia, PPARγ and inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the extract is a potential source of drug for the management of type 2 DM. Keywords: Moringa oleifera, Diabetes mellitus, Streptozotocin, Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV

Study on the Effect of Cerium Oxide Nanocubes on Full-Thickness Cutaneous Wound Healing of Type 2 Diabetic Rats

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 643-P ◽  
Author(s):  
YANFEI HAN ◽  
LINDONG LI ◽  
YANJUN LIU ◽  
YOU WANG ◽  
CHUNHUA YAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cutaneous Wound Healing ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Cutaneous Wound ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Neuroprotection of Maslinic Acid, a Novel Glycogen Phos-phorylase Inhibitor, in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teng GUAN ◽  
Yi-Song QIAN ◽  
Meng-Hao HUANG ◽  
Long-Fei HUANG ◽  
Xu-Zhen TANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Maslinic Acid ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Blockade of Renin Angiotensin System Ameliorates the Cardiac Arrhythmias and Sympathetic Neural Remodeling in Hearts of Type 2 DM Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yomna M. Yehya ◽  
Abdelaziz M. Hussein ◽  
Khaled Ezam ◽  
Elsayed A. Eid ◽  
Eman M. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Diabetes Induction

Objectives:: The present study was designed to investigate the effects of renin angiotensin system (RAS) blockade on cardiac arrhythmias and sympathetic nerve remodelling in heart tissues of type 2 diabetic rats. Methods:: Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups; a) normal control group: normal rats, b) DM group; after type 2 diabetes induction, rats received 2ml oral saline daily for 4 weeks, c) DM+ ACEi: after type 2 diabetes induction, rats were treated with enalapril (10 mg/kg, orally for 4 weeks) and d) DM+ ARBs: after type 2 diabetes induction, rats were treated with losartan (30 mg/kg, orally for 4 weeks). Results:: In type 2 diabetic rats, the results demonstrated significant prolongation in Q-T interval and elevation of blood sugar, HOMA-IR index, TC, TGs, LDL, serum CK-MB, myocardial damage, myocardial MDA, myocardial norepinephrine and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) density with significant reduction in serum HDL, serum insulin and myocardial GSH and CAT. On the other hand, blockade of RAS at the level of either ACE by enalapril or angiotensin (Ag) receptors by losartan resulted in significant improvement in ECG parameters (Q-T), cardiac enzymes (CK-MB), cardiac morphology, myocardial oxidative stress (low MDA, high CAT and GSH) and myocardial TH density. Conclusions:: RAS plays a role in the cardiac sympathetic nerve sprouting and cardiac arrhythmias induced by type 2 DM and its blockade might have a cardioprotective effect via attenuation of sympathetic nerve fibres remodelling, myocardial norepinephrine contents and oxidative stress.

Exercise and Stevia Rebaudiana (R) Extracts Attenuate Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Rats: Possible Underlying Mechanisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1117-1132
Author(s):  
Abdelaziz M. Hussein ◽  
Elsayed A. Eid ◽  
Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah ◽  
Medhat Taha ◽  
Lashin S. Lashin
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background and Aims: In the current work, we studied the effects of exercise and stevia rebaudiana (R) extracts on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) in type 2 diabetic rats and their possible underlying mechanisms. Methods: : Thirty-two male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups; a) normal control group, b) DM group, type 2 diabetic rats received 2 ml oral saline daily for 4 weeks, c) DM+ Exercise, type 2 diabetic rats were treated with exercise for 4 weeks and d) DM+ stevia R extracts: type 2 diabetic rats received methanolic stevia R extracts. By the end of the experiment, serum blood glucose, HOMA-IR, insulin and cardiac enzymes (LDH, CK-MB), cardiac histopathology, oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH and CAT), myocardial fibrosis by Masson trichrome, the expression of p53, caspase-3, α-SMA and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) by immunostaining in myocardial tissues were measured. Results: T2DM caused a significant increase in blood glucose, HOMA-IR index, serum CK-MB and LDH, myocardial damage and fibrosis, myocardial MDA, myocardial α-SMA, p53, caspase-3, Nrf2 and TH density with a significant decrease in serum insulin and myocardial GSH and CAT (p< 0.05). On the other hand, treatment with either exercise or stevia R extracts significantly improved all studied parameters (p< 0.05). Moreover, the effects of stevia R was more significant than exercise (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Both exercise and methanolic stevia R extracts showed cardioprotective effects against DCM and Stevia R offered more cardioprotective than exercise. This cardioprotective effect of these lines of treatment might be due to attenuation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, sympathetic nerve density and fibrosis and upregulation of the antioxidant transcription factor, Nrf2.

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