scholarly journals Hyposmia as a Predictive Marker of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Sui ◽  
Changli Zhou ◽  
Jinwei Li ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xige Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Predictive Marker ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale

Background. Hyposmia is one of the most common and best-characterized conditions that is also one of the first nonmotor features of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The association of hyposmia with PD is widely accepted; however the likelihood of developing PD is unclear. Our meta-analysis aimed to investigate the risk of PD in individuals with hyposmia.Methods. Prospective studies on humans published before December4th, 2018, were searched for in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. Two independent reviewers screened studies for inclusion and extracted data. We assessed the quality of studies using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and pooled data for analysis using random-effects models.Results. Of the 1774 studies retrieved, seven met the inclusion criteria for this review. A total of 3272 hyposmia and 176 PD events were reported over follow-up periods ranging from 3 to 17 years. Hyposmia was associated with a 3.84-fold risk of developing PD (pooled relative risk: 3.84, 95% CI 2.12−6.95). Subgroup analyses identified few differences between different hyposmia assessment methodologies and follow-up periods.Conclusions. Our findings suggest that deficiencies in olfaction are associated with an increased risk of developing PD. Future studies are needed to investigate whether hyposmia is a promising and feasible biomarker for the early diagnosis of PD.

Appendectomy Does Not Increase the Risk of Future Emergence of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 000313482198903
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Ishizuka ◽  
Norisuke Shibuya ◽  
Kazutoshi Takagi ◽  
Hiroyuki Hachiya ◽  
Kazuma Tago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Observation Period

Objective To explore the impact of appendectomy history on emergence of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Background Although there are several studies to investigate the relationship between appendectomy history and emergence of PD, the results are still controversial. Methods We performed a comprehensive electronic search of the literature (the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and the Web of Science) up to April 2020 to identify studies that had employed databases allowing comparison of emergence of PD between patients with and those without appendectomy history. To integrate the impact of appendectomy history on emergence of PD, a meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for the selected studies, and heterogeneity was analyzed using I2 statistics. Results Four studies involving a total of 6 080 710 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Among 1 470 613 patients with appendectomy history, 1845 (.13%) had emergences of PD during the observation period, whereas among 4 610 097 patients without appendectomy history, 6743 (.15%) had emergences of PD during the observation period. These results revealed that patients with appendectomy history and without appendectomy had almost the same emergence of PD (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, .87-1.20; P = .83; I2 = 87%). Conclusion This meta-analysis has demonstrated that there was no significant difference in emergence of PD between patients with and those without appendectomy history.

scholarly journals Association Between Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Risk of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
XinYue Zhang ◽  
Zhen Svn ◽  
MengSi Liv ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Rui Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are respectively one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases and functional bowel diseases in the world. Recent studies suggest that patients with IBS seem to have a higher risk of PD, which conflicts with the result of previous meta-analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate all available evidence, in order to clarify the association between PD and IBS.Methods: Two reviewers independently searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane library on April 25, 2021 to identify all records that explore the association between IBS and PD. All reports that clearly define PD and IBS and analyze the relationship between the two were included. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias of included studies.Results: Five studies from four articles involving 2,044,110 subjects were included in this analysis. The pooled results demonstrated a significant association between PD and IBS (1.48; 95% CI: 1.35–1.62, P < 0.001), with subtle heterogeneity (I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.585). The association was observed across genders and increased with age. However, the available evidence cannot allow a reliable analysis of the causal relationship between IBS and PD.Conclusion: This study demonstrates a higher risk of PD among subjects with IBS. Future studies are required to further clarify the causation and underlying mechanism of the association.

Ventilatory Impairments Associated with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Laura López-López ◽  
Janet Remedios Rodríguez-Torres ◽  
Lawrence Patrick Cahalin ◽  
Irene Cabrera-Martos ◽  
Irene Torres Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Respiratory Impairment ◽  
Future Studies

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The peripheral and central repercussions of Parkinson’s disease (PD) affect the neuromuscular system producing a loss of muscle strength that can influence the respiratory system. Although several studies have examined various respiratory aspects of PD, to the best of our knowledge no study to date has systematically reviewed the existing data. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> To examine the available literature related to the respiratory impairment in PD patients. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used PRISMA guidelines when reporting this review. We searched Pubmed, Cinhal, SciELO, and Cochrane Library, from inception until August 2018. Main variables assessed were forced vital capacity percent predicted (FVC%) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s percent predicted (FEV<sub>1</sub>%) for PD patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Six studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The obtained results concluded that PD patients present poorer pulmonary function when compared to healthy controls. When PD patients were compared between ON and OFF states, the results reviewed are in favour of the ON state. In the meta-analysis performed for FVC% and FEV<sub>1</sub>%, the results fail to find significant differences between PD patients and controls (<i>p</i> = 0.336 and <i>p</i> = 0.281, respectively), and between PD ON and OFF states (<i>p</i> = 0.109 and <i>p</i> = 0.059, respectively). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> We conclude that PD patients have impaired respiratory capacities that are related to the PD severity, time since diagnosis, and OFF state. Adequate follow-up of the respiratory function and studies focused on PD phenotypes have to be considered in future studies.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of the Botulinum Toxin for Treating Sialorrhea in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Ruiz-Roca ◽  
Eduardo Pons-Fuster ◽  
Pia Lopez-Jornet
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Effective Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Treatment Safety ◽  
Meta Analyses

The main objective was to assess the efficacy of botulinum toxin-based treatment for sialorrhea in adult patients with Parkinson’s disease. The search was performed by using the Medline-PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases from January 2000–December 2017, in English/Spanish in patients with Parkinson’s disease and sialorrhea. The methodological quality of trials was carried out by following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) criteria and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS). Finally, a total of 21 articles were identified as fulfilling the inclusion criteria. There is no consensus regarding the site of injection of the toxin (single or multiple points), toxin dose or follow-up period. In all cases there was a reduction of sialorrhea. Treatment safety increases with the use of ultrasonography. Effects approximately occur at one week post-injection and for 3–5 months. Botulinum toxin is an effective therapeutic strategy or option in treating sialorrhea in adult patients with Parkinson’s disease. More studies with a better design, larger samples and a longer follow-up period are required to confirm these data.

scholarly journals The Association between Toxoplasma gondii Infection and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonglei Zhou ◽  
Ruzhen Zhou ◽  
Kunpeng Li ◽  
Wen Wei ◽  
Zengqiao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Fixed Effects Models ◽  
Increased Risk

Background. Several studies have investigated the association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with inconsistent results. Clarifying this relation might be useful for better understanding of the risk factors and the relevant mechanisms of PD, thus a meta-analysis was conducted to explore whether exposure to T. gondii is associated with an increased risk of PD. Methods. We conducted this meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A rigorous literature selection was performed by using the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect. Odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidential interval (CI) were pooled by using fixed-effects models. Sensitivity analysis, publication bias test, and methodological quality assessment of studies were also performed. Results. Seven studies involving 1086 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled data by using fixed-effects models suggested both latent infection (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.58; P=0.314) and acute infection (OR, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.30 to 4.35; P=0.855) were not associated with PD risk. Stable and robust estimates were confirmed by sensitivity analysis. No publication bias was found by visual inspection of the funnel plot, Begg’s, and Egger’s test. Conclusions. This meta-analysis does not support any possible association between T. gondii infection and risk of PD. Researches are still warranted to further explore the underlying mechanisms of T. gondii in the pathogenesis of PD and their causal relationship.

scholarly journals Association between β2-Adrenoreceptor Medications and Risk of Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Chu-Ling Chen ◽  
Shu-Yi Wang ◽  
Ta-Cheng Chen ◽  
Chieh-Sen Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dopaminergic Neurons ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Chronic Use

Background and Objective: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder characterized by an accumulation of Lewy bodies and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The treatment options currently available are only partly effective and fail to restore the lost dopaminergic neurons or slow the progression. β2-adrenoceptors (β2AR) are widely expressed in various human tissues and organs, regulate many important metabolic functions, and are targeted for treatment of various diseases. Studies have reported a link between chronic use of the β2AR antagonist propranolol and an increased risk of PD, and chronic use of β2AR agonists has been associated with a decreased risk of PD. We conducted a meta-analysis on the association between both β2AR agonist level and β2AR antagonist level and the risk of PD. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted on the databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalKey from the start of each database until 30 June 2021. The objective was to identify prospective cohort and case–control studies that have reported on the association between β-adrenoceptor agonist level, antagonist level, and PD risk. Results: A meta-analysis of the data extracted from eight studies revealed that β2AR agonist use was associated with reduced PD risk (RR = 0.859, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.741–0.995. p = 0.043). Compared with the control group, β2AR antagonist use was associated with an increased risk of PD (RR = 1.490, 95% CI, 1.195 to 1.857. p < 0.005). Propranolol, a type of β2AR antagonist, was related to an increased risk of PD (RR = 2.820, 95% CI, 2.618 to 3.036. p < 0.005). Conclusions: In this meta-analysis, β2AR agonists were associated with a decreased risk of PD, and β2AR antagonists were related with an increased risk of PD. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and an evaluation of the long-term effects of varying dosages of medications are needed.

scholarly journals Association of dyslipidemia with the severity and mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Liu ◽  
Yilong Pan ◽  
Yuyao Yin ◽  
Wenhao Chen ◽  
Xiaodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Language Restriction ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale

Abstract Background The numbers of confirmed cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and COVID-19 related deaths are still increasing, so it is very important to determine the risk factors of COVID-19. Dyslipidemia is a common complication in patients with COVID-19, but the association of dyslipidemia with the severity and mortality of COVID-19 is still unclear. The aim of this study is to analyze the potential association of dyslipidemia with the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases for all relevant studies up to August 24, 2020. All the articles published were retrieved without language restriction. All analysis was performed using Stata 13.1 software and Mantel–Haenszel formula with fixed effects models was used to compare the differences between studies. The Newcastle Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Results Twenty-eight studies involving 12,995 COVID-19 patients were included in the meta-analysis, which was consisted of 26 cohort studies and 2 case–control studies. Dyslipidemia was associated with the severity of COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11–1.44, P = 0.038, I2 = 39.8%). Further, patients with dyslipidemia had a 2.13-fold increased risk of death compared to patients without dyslipidemia (95% CI 1.84–2.47, P = 0.001, I2 = 66.4%). Conclusions The results proved that dyslipidemia is associated with increased severity and mortality of COVID-19. Therefore, we should monitor blood lipids and administer active treatments in COVID-19 patients with dyslipidemia to reduce the severity and mortality.

scholarly journals Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 695-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Poggio ◽  
Laura Gutierrez ◽  
María G Matta ◽  
Natalia Elorriaga ◽  
Vilma Irazola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Random Effects Models ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Cvd Mortality

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to determine whether elevated dietary Na intake could be associated with CVD mortality.DesignWe performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies representing the general population. The adjusted relative risks and their 95 % confidence intervals were pooled by the inverse variance method using random-effects models. Heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed.SettingsMEDLINE (since 1973), Embase (since 1975), the Cochrane Library (since 1976), ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar (until September 2013) and secondary referencing were searched for inclusion in the study.SubjectEleven prospective studies with 229 785 participants and average follow-up period of 13·37 years (range 5·5–19 years).ResultsHigher Na intake was significantly associated with higher CVD mortality (relative risk=1·12; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·19). In the sensitivity analysis, the exclusion of studies with important relative weights did not significantly affect the results (relative risk=1·08; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·15). The meta-regression analysis showed that for every increase of 10 mmol/d in Na intake, CVD mortality increased significantly by 1 % (P=0·016). Age, hypertensive status and length of follow-up were also associated with increased CVD mortality.ConclusionsHigher Na intake was associated with higher CVD mortality in the general population; this result suggests a reduction in Na intake to prevent CVD mortality from any cause.

Migraine is related to an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease: A population-based, propensity score-matched, longitudinal follow-up study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (14) ◽  
pp. 1316-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-I Wang ◽  
Yu-Chun Ho ◽  
Ya-Ping Huang ◽  
Shin-Liang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Migraine Group

Background The association between migraine and Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains controversial. The purpose of the present population-based, propensity score-matched follow-up study was to investigate whether migraineurs are at a higher risk of developing PD. Methods A total of 41,019 subjects aged between 40 and 90 years with at least two ambulatory visits with a diagnosis of migraine in 2001 were enrolled in the migraine group. A logistic regression model that included age, sex, pre-existing comorbidities and socioeconomic status as covariates was used to compute the propensity score. The non-migraine group consisted of 41,019 propensity score-matched, randomly sampled subjects without migraine. The PD-free survival rate were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Stratified Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the effect of migraine on the risk of developing PD. Results During follow-up, 148 subjects in the migraine group and 101 in the non-migraine group developed PD. Compared to the non-migraine group, the hazard ratio of PD for the migraine group was 1.64 (95% confidence interval: 1.25–2.14, p = 0.0004). The PD-free survival rate for the migraine group was significantly lower than that for the non-migraine group ( p = 0.0041). Conclusions This study showed an increased risk of developing PD in patients with migraine.

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