scholarly journals Propagation Model in Indoor and Outdoor for the LTE Communications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sun-Kuk Noh ◽  
DongYou Choi
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Time Rate ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
5G Mobile Communication ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Rapidly rising demand for radio communication and the explosion in the number of mobile communications service subscribers have led to the need for optimization in the development of fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems. Previous studies on the development of propagation models considering a propagation environment in the existing microwave band have been mainly focused on analyzing the propagation characteristics with regard to large-scale factors such as path losses, delay propagation, and angle diffusions. In this paper, we investigated the concept of spatial and time changes ratios in the measurement of wave propagations and measured RSRP of Long Term Evolution (LTE) signals at three locations considering the time rate of 1% and 50%. We confirmed the concept of spatial and time changes rate based on the results of analyzing the signal data measured and proposed the propagation models 1 and 2 in microcell downtown. The forecast results using proposed models 1 and 2 were better than the COST231 model in both indoor and outdoor measured places. It was predicted between a time rate of 1% and 50% indoor within 400m and outdoor within 200m. In the future, we will study the propagation model of 5G mobile communication as well as the current 4G communication using artificial intelligence technology.

scholarly journals Temperature variations within a multi-layered skin tissue exposed to the 5G mobile communications frequency radiation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagbir Kaur ◽  
Suyeb Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Core Body Temperature ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
60 Ghz ◽  
5G Mobile Communication

The 5G mobile communication systems are the “next generation” communication systems. They are capable of providing numerous benefits to the mobile phone users. But, whether they are safe to use is still a topic of concern. This study investigates the thermal safety of 5G mobile phone frequency. A three dimensional multi-layered skin tissue is exposed to 60 GHz frequency from a mobile patch antenna. The simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics is employed to map the electric field distribution and the temperature distribution within the exposed domain. The peak temperature (37.36°C) is estimated in the subcutaneous fat layer of the skin tissue. The temperature peak is very short lived and the steady state temperature is same as the core body temperature. The results suggest that the temperature rise caused by the 5G mobile phone radiation exposure is not capable of causing the thermal burns in the exposed tissue. Therefore, the 5G mobile communication frequency of 60 GHz can be considered “thermally” safe.

Train-mounted Broadband Monopole Antenna for 5G Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 879-884
Author(s):  
Hao Li ◽  
Lu Xu ◽  
Feng Qian ◽  
Yong Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Monopole Antenna ◽  
Mobile Terminals ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
5G Mobile Communication

As a convenient and efficient public transport system, high speed railway (HSR) was rapidly deployed in China. Since the fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system is commercially applied, it is necessary for mobile terminals antennas to cover multiple operating bands to be compatible with various communication systems. Here a HSR-mounted broadband and high-gain monopole antenna is proposed. By using the meander technology and introducing the tapered structure, the proposed antenna operates over a bandwidth of 694-960 MHz and 1350-5975 MHz (VSWR<1.8), which covers both 2G-5G mobile communication and WiFi frequency bands. The dimensions of the proposed antenna are 400 mm × 330 mm × 78 mm. The measured average gain is 6.11 dBi over the entire bandwidth.

scholarly journals Standardization of Propagation Models for Terrestrial Cellular Systems: A Historical Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Tataria ◽  
Katsuyuki Haneda ◽  
Andreas F. Molisch ◽  
Mansoor Shafi ◽  
Fredrik Tufvesson
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
The Third ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Deterministic Modelling ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Propagation models constitute a fundamental building block of wireless communications research. Before we build and operate real systems, we must understand the science of radio propagation, and develop channel models that both reflect the important propagation processes and allow a fair comparison of different systems. In the past five decades, wireless systems have gone through five generations, from supporting voice applications to enhanced mobile broadband. To meet the ever increasing data rate demands of wireless systems, frequency bands covering a wide range from 800 MHz to 100 GHz have been allocated for use. The standardization of these systems started in the early/mid 1980s in Europe by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute with the advent of Global System for Mobile Communications. This motivated the development of the first standardized propagation model by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) 207 working group. These standardization activities were continued and expanded for the third, fourth, and fifth generations of COST, as well as by the Third Generation Partnership Project, and the International Telecommnunication Union. This paper presents a historical overview of the standardized propagation models covering first to fifth-generation systems. In particular, we discuss the evolution and standardization of pathloss models, as well as large and small-scale fading parameters for single antenna and multiple antenna systems. Furthermore, we present insights into the progress of deterministic modelling across the five generations of systems, as well as discuss more advanced modelling components needed for the detailed simulations of millimeter-wave channels. A comprehensive bibliography at the end of the paper will aid the interested reader to dig deeper.

Reconfigurable software defined radio in 5g mobile communication systems [Guest editorial]

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 12-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Yeuh-Min Huang ◽  
Victor C. M. Leung ◽  
Chin-Feng Lai ◽  
Subhas Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Roy X. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communication ◽  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Guest Editorial ◽  
Mobile Communication Systems ◽  
5G Mobile Communication ◽  
Reconfigurable Software
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