scholarly journals Modulation of Cognition: The Role of Gnidia glauca on Spatial Learning and Memory Retention in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Wycliffe Makori Arika ◽  
Cromwell Mwiti Kibiti ◽  
Joan Murugi Njagi ◽  
Mathew Piero Ngugi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obesity Index ◽  
Obese Rats

Chronic exposures to high-fat diets are linked to neuropathological changes that culminate in obesity-related cognitive dysfunction and brain alteration. Learning, memory performance, and executive function are the main domains affected by an obesogenic diet. There are limited effective therapies for addressing cognitive deficits. Thus, it is important to identify additional and alternative therapies. In African traditional medicine, Gnidia glauca has putative efficacy in the management of obesity and associated complications. The use of Gnidia glauca is largely based on its long-term traditional use. Its therapeutic application has not been accompanied by sufficient scientific evaluation to validate its use. Therefore, the current study sought to explore the modulatory effects of dichloromethane leaf extracts of Gnidia glauca on cognitive function in the high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. Obesity was induced by feeding the rats with prepared HFD and water ad libitum for 6 weeks. The in vivo antiobesity effects were determined by oral administration of G. glauca at dosage levels of 200, 250, and 300 mg/kg body weight in HFD-induced obese rats from the 6th to the 12th weeks. The Lee obesity index was used as a diagnostic criterion of obesity. The Morris water maze was employed to test spatial learning and memory retention in rats. The results indicated that Gnidia glauca showed potent antiobesity effects as indicated in the reduction of body weight and obesity index in extract-treated rats. Moreover, Gnidia glauca exhibited cognitive-enhancing effects in obese rats. The positive influences on cognitive functions might be attributed to the extracts’ phytochemicals that have been suggested to confer protection against obesity-induced oxidative damage, reduction of central inflammation, and increased neurogenesis. The therapeutic effects observed suggest that Gnidia glauca might be an alternative to current medications for the symptomatic complications of obesity, such as learning and memory loss. Further studies are therefore needed to establish its toxicity profiles.

Rats with prenatal dexamethasone exposure and postnatal high-fat diet exhibited insulin resistance, and spatial learning and memory impairment

Neuroreport ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-273
Author(s):  
Mei-Hsin Hsu ◽  
Jiunn-Ming Sheen ◽  
Yu-Chieh Chen ◽  
Hong-Ren Yu ◽  
You-Lin Tain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
High Fat

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF DUNALIELLA SALINA MICROALGAE TO AMELIORATE HIGH-FAT DIET‑INDUCED OBESITY IN ANIMALS’ RODENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farouk K El-baz ◽  
Hanan F Aly
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Dunaliella Salina ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Related Complication ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Obese Rats

 Objective: This study was carried out to investigate the potential of Dunaliella salina microalgae to ameliorate obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in male Wistar rats.Methods: Fifty rats weighing 150–160 g were fed HFD for 12 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into five groups of ten rats each. Obese rats were orally administered D. salina ethanolic extract (150 mg/Kg body weight), and orlistat as standard drug (12 mg/Kg body weight), for 6 weeks.Results: Treatment of obese rats with both D. salina and orlistat had a significant effect in reducing body and liver weights as well as visceral fat, inhibiting pancreatic lipase activity, decreased lipid profile, and increased fecal fat and ameliorating liver function enzymes activity, insulin, blood glucose, and leptin levels. Besides, food intake was insignificantly increased as a result of D. salina and orlistat treatments compared with normal control rats.Conclusion: It could be concluded that D. salina rich in β-carotene significantly reduced body weight gain and ameliorated several metabolic pathways implicated in obesity and its related complication. Hence, further intensive study must be carried out to formulate D. Salina extracts to apply as a promising natural anti-obesity nutraceutical drug.

Evaluation of anti-obesity activity of Thespesia populnea (L.) and flavonoid isolated quercetin on high fat diet –induced obese rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gandhimathi Retnasamy ◽  
Sreedevi Adikay
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Thespesia Populnea ◽  
Risk Indices ◽  
Obese Rats

The anti-obesity activity of ethanol extract of the stem bark of Thespesia populnea L., (EETP) was evaluated in High Fat Diet (HFD) induced obese rats and flavonoid isolated of Quercetin was characterized. Acute oral toxicity studies revealed that EETP is safe up to 2000mg/kg and doses were selected. Six groups of rats were used and administered orally with vehicle 0.2ml of 1% tween 80 (normal control), fed on HFD+0.2ml of 1% tween 80 (negative control), fed on HFD+EETP (100, 200 & 400 mg/kg) and fed on HFD+ Orlistat 50 mg/kg (positive control), for 40 days respectively. The body rectal temperature, food intake, Lee index and body weight of the animals were recorded and the whole brain was dissected out for estimation of serotonin on day 41. The blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture and used for the estimation of lipid profile. The atherogenic and coronary risk indices were calculated from lipid profile. Obese rats pretreated with EETP or Orlistat exhibited significant increase in body rectal temperature and decrease in food intake, Lee index and body weight of the animals. Moreover, the tested extracts showed beneficial effects on brain serotonin, lipid profile, atherogenic and coronary risk indices in rats. In conclusion, EETP exerts potential anti-obesity activity that could be partly attributed to its flavonoid Quercetin and other bioactive phytoconstituents.

scholarly journals Anti-Obesity Effect of Arq Zeera and Its Main Components Thymol and Cuminaldehyde in High Fat Diet Induced Obese Rats

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Haque ◽  
H. Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase Inhibition ◽  
Lipase Inhibition

AbstractArq zeera is a distillate product that prepared from four different herbs namely Trachyspermum ammi L., apiaceae, Zingiber officinale Roxb., zingiberaceae, Carum carvi L.,apiaceae and Cuminum cyminum L., apiaceae. The present study aims to determine the antiobesity effect of arq zeera and its main components thymol and cuminaldehyde in high fat diet induced obese rats and to explore its mechanism of action. In current study, orlistat was used as positive controls. Male Wistar rats were fed with HFD for 42 days to induce obesity. HFD-fed rats were administered with arq zeera, thymol, cumic aldehyde, thymol + cuminaldehyde and orlistat for 28 days. During the course of treatment, body weight and food intake frequently observed and after end of treatments, liver weight, visceral fat pad weight, plasma lipid proflie, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, glucose, insulin, leptin levels and pancreatic lipase activity were studied on all treated obese rats. The histopathology of liver was also studied. After the treatments of arq zeera and its main components, body weight, food intake, liver weight, visceral fat pad weight and the level of lipid profile, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotranferase, glucose, insulin, and leptin were found to be decreased and pancreatic lipase inhibition were increased. Arq zeera showed more potential antiobesity effect than orlistat. According to our present findings, arq zeera and its main components possessed potent antiobesity effect on high fat diet -induced obese rats and excreted anti-obesity effect partly via hypolipidemic, hypoglycemic, hypoinsulinemic, hypoleptinemic and pancreatic lipase inhibition action.

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