scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Differences in Dominants of Dryness/Wetness Changes in Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Shujia Zhou ◽  
Shanlei Sun ◽  
Wanrong Shi ◽  
Jiazhi Wang ◽  
Jinjian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index ◽  
Full Analysis

A full analysis of 3-month Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration index (SPEI-3) changes and attribution analyses are of significance for deeply understanding dryness/wetness evolutions and thus formulating specific measures to sustain regional development. In this study, we analyze monthly and annual SPEI-3 changes over Southwest China (SWC; including Sichuan (SC), Chongqing (CQ), Guizhou (GZ), Yunnan (YN), and west Guangxi (wGX)) during 1961–2012, using the SPEI model and routine meteorological measurements at 269 weather sites. For SWC and each subregion (excluding wGX), annual SPEI-3 during 1961–2012 tends to decrease, and drying is at most of months in January and September–December, but wetting is in February–August (excluding March for wGX). Additionally, more than 50% of sites show declined and increased SPEI-3 in January, April, June, and August–December and the remaining months, respectively. Except for wGX with dominant of ET0, annual SPEI-3 changes in SWC and other four subregions have dominant of precipitation. Spatially, annual SPEI-3 changes at 59% of sites are because of precipitation, generally located in southeast SC, south YN, CQ, GZ, and south and northeast wGX. Nevertheless, dominants at regional and site scales vary among months, e.g., SWC, SC, CQ, and GZ, having dominant of precipitation (ET0) during September–December (most of months during January–August), YN always with dominant of precipitation, and wGX with dominant of precipitation (ET0) in February–April and July–December (January, May, and June). Importantly, this study provides a reference for quantitatively evaluating spatiotemporal dryness/wetness variations with climate change, especially for regions with significant drying/wetting.

scholarly journals Monitoring the Reduced Resilience of Forests in Southwest China Using Long-Term Remote Sensing Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Hao Jiang ◽  
Lisheng Song ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Mingguo Ma ◽  
Lei Fan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index ◽  
Good Agreement

An increase in the frequency and severity of droughts associated with global warming has resulted in deleterious impacts on forest productivity in Southwest China. Despite attempts to explore the response of vegetation to drought, less is known about forest’s resilience in response to drought in Southwest China. Here, the reduced resilience of the forest was found based on remotely sensed optical and microwave vegetation products. The spatial distribution and temporal variation of resilience-reduced forest were assessed using the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and vegetation optical depth (VOD). Our findings showed that 40–50% of the forest appeared to have abnormally low resilience approximately 6 months after the severe drought. The spatial distributions of abnormally low resilience had a good agreement with the regions affected by the 2009–2011 drought events. In particular, our results indicated that areas of afforestation were more susceptible to drought than natural forest, maybe due to the different water uptake strategy of the diverse root systems. Our findings highlight the vulnerability of afforestation areas to climate change, and recommend giving more attention to soil water availability.

scholarly journals Intra-annual differences of 3-month Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index dryness/wetness sensitivity over southwest China

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. e830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanlei Sun ◽  
Yongjian Ren ◽  
Qingqing Li ◽  
Shujia Zhou ◽  
Changyu Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southwest China ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index

Water Scarcity Under Scenarios for Global Climate Change and Regional Development in Semiarid Northeastern Brazil

2004 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos de Araújo ◽  
Petra Döll ◽  
Andreas Güntner ◽  
Maarten Krol ◽  
Cläudia Beghini Rodrigues Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Northeastern Brazil

scholarly journals Climate change jointly with migration ability affect future range shifts of dominant fir species in Southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 352-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyan Liao ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Michael P. Nobis ◽  
Xiaogang Wu ◽  
Kaiwen Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Range Shifts ◽  
Migration Ability

scholarly journals Energy-Water Balance and Ecosystem Response to Climate Change in Southwest China

10.5772/64960 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Wang ◽  
Yaohuan Hang ◽  
Dong Jiang ◽  
Xiaoyang Song
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Ecosystem Response

Quantitatively assessing the effects of climate change and human activities on ecosystem degradation and restoration in southwest China

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Z. G. Sun ◽  
J. S. Wu ◽  
F. Liu ◽  
T. Y. Shao ◽  
X. B. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Ecosystem Degradation ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Degraded Ecosystem ◽  
Annual Means

Identifying the effects of climate change and human activities on the degradation and restoration of terrestrial ecosystems is essential for sustainable management of these ecosystems. However, our knowledge of methodology on this topic is limited. To assess the relative contribution of climate change and human activities, actual and potential net primary productivity (NPPa and NPPp respectively), and human appropriation of net primary productivity (HANPP) were calculated and applied to the monitoring of forest, grassland, and cropland ecosystems in Yunnan–Guizhou–Sichuan Provinces, southwest China. We determined annual means of 476 g C m–2 year–1 for NPPa, 1314 g C m–2 year–1 for NPPp, and 849 g C m–2 year–1 for HANPP during the period between 2007 and 2016. Furthermore, the area with an increasing NPPa accounted for 75.12% of the total area of the three ecosystems. Similarly, the areas with increasing NPPp and HANPP accounted for 77.60 and 57.58% of the study area respectively. Furthermore, we found that ~57.58% of areas with ecosystem restored was due to climate change, 23.39% due to human activities, and 19.03% due to the combined effects of human activities and climate change. In contrast, climate change and human activities contributed to 19.47 and 76.36%, respectively, of the areas of degraded ecosystem. Only 4.17% of degraded ecosystem could be attributed to the combined influences of climate change and human activities. We conclude that human activities were mainly responsible for ecosystem degradation, whereas climate change benefitted ecosystem restoration in southwest China in the past decade.

scholarly journals Climatic Change Can Influence Species Diversity Patterns and Potential Habitats of Salicaceae Plants in China

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 220 ◽  
Author(s):  
WenQing Li ◽  
MingMing Shi ◽  
Yuan Huang ◽  
KaiYun Chen ◽  
Hang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Niche Models ◽  
The Last Glacial

Salicaceae is a family of temperate woody plants in the Northern Hemisphere that are highly valued, both ecologically and economically. China contains the highest species diversity of these plants. Despite their widespread human use, how the species diversity patterns of Salicaceae plants formed remains mostly unknown, and these may be significantly affected by global climate warming. Using past, present, and future environmental data and 2673 georeferenced specimen records, we first simulated the dynamic changes in suitable habitats and population structures of Salicaceae. Based on this, we next identified those areas at high risk of habitat loss and population declines under different climate change scenarios/years. We also mapped the patterns of species diversity by constructing niche models for 215 Salicaceae species, and assessed the driving factors affecting their current diversity patterns. The niche models showed Salicaceae family underwent extensive population expansion during the Last Inter Glacial period but retreated to lower latitudes during and since the period of the Last Glacial Maximum. Looking ahead, as climate warming intensifies, suitable habitats will shift to higher latitudes and those at lower latitudes will become less abundant. Finally, the western regions of China harbor the greatest endemism and species diversity of Salicaceae, which are significantly influenced by annual precipitation and mean temperature, ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation, and the anomaly of precipitation seasonality. From these results, we infer water–energy dynamic equilibrium and historical climate change are both the main factors likely regulating contemporary species diversity and distribution patterns. Nevertheless, this work also suggests that other, possibly interacting, factors (ambient energy, disturbance history, soil condition) influence the large-scale pattern of Salicaceae species diversity in China, making a simple explanation for it unlikely. Because Southwest China likely served as a refuge for Salicaceae species during the Last Glacial Maximum, it is a current hotspot for endemisms. Under predicted climate change, Salicaceae plants may well face higher risks to their persistence in southwest China, so efforts to support their in-situ conservation there are urgently needed.

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