scholarly journals Effect of a Novel Patient Garment on Perceived Privacy during Colonoscopy: A Simple Approach to Minimize Embarrassment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Aamar ◽  
Zeeshan Butt ◽  
Kamraan Madhani ◽  
Iqra Hussain ◽  
Joel Garsten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
High Rate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Repeat Colonoscopy ◽  
Acceptance Rates ◽  
Study Participants

Background. In the United States, patients wear a one-piece, reusable cloth gown during colonoscopy procedures. Many patients report embarrassment related to bodily exposure during colonoscopy. This may limit participation in colorectal cancer screening programs. Aims. To assess whether the use of a novel, disposable patient garment (Privacy Pants, Jackson, MS), which increases patient coverage, can reduce embarrassment related to bodily exposure and increase colonoscopy acceptance rates. Methods. Patients were offered a novel gown, and they completed questionnaires before and after colonoscopy. Results. A total of 120 patients participated. 54% were female and 82% were Caucasian. The novel gown had high overall satisfaction (8.3) and was associated with a sense of respect during the procedure (9.4). 67% (80) of the patients had a prior colonoscopy, and of these, 76% would request a novel gown over a traditional gown for future procedures. Among all study participants, a high rate of acceptability for repeat colonoscopy if recommended by their doctors was reported (mean of 9.4). Nonwhites were more likely to have a concern for embarrassment addressed by using novel gowns as compared to whites (P value 0.02). Conclusion. All participants, particularly women and nonwhite participants, reported high rates of respect and satisfaction and decrease in embarrassment utilizing the novel gown during colonoscopy. Patients who had prior colonoscopy with a traditional gown preferred the novel garment. A novel procedure gown may enhance colonoscopy acceptance by minimizing embarrassment.

scholarly journals Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: international guidelines

2013 ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Luigi Fenoglio ◽  
Elisabetta Castagna ◽  
Cristina Serraino ◽  
Adele Cardellicchio ◽  
Fulvio Pomero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Percutaneous Ablation ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Number Of Patients

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide. The incidence of HCC is increasing in Europe and in the United States. HCC is currently the leading cause of death among cirrhotic patients. Cirrhosis is the strongest and the most common risk factor for HCC. Surveillance for HCC is widely practiced and can be recommended for certain at-risk groups. Among serological screening test, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is the best known (cut-off 20 ng/mL, sensitivity 60%, specificity 91%). The radiological screening test most widely used is ultrasonography (sensitivity 65—80%, specificity >90%). The tests used to diagnose HCC include radiology, biopsy and AFP. Detection of hepatic mass within a cirrhotic liver is highly suspicious of HCC. If AFP is greater than 200 ng/mL and the radiological appearance of the mass is suggestive for HCC, the likelihood that the lesion is HCC is high. The Barcelona-Clinic-Liver-Cancer staging system identifies patients with early HCC who may benefit from curative therapies, those at intermediate or advanced disease stage who may benefit from palliative treatments, as well as those at end-stage with a very poor life expectancy. Today many patients are diagnosed at an early stage. The therapies that offer a high rate of complete responses and potential cure are surgical resection, transplantation and percutaneous ablation. Among non-curative therapies the only one that has been shown to positively impact survival is transarterial chemoembolization. Several steps have to be taken to improve effectiveness of HCC therapy. These include patient education on risk factors for HCC and implementation of screening programs, increasing the number of patients diagnosed in early stage.

scholarly journals Prospective study of alcohol consumption and the risk of colorectal cancer before and after folic acid fortification in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 558-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Nan ◽  
Jung Eun Lee ◽  
Eric B. Rimm ◽  
Charles S. Fuchs ◽  
Edward L. Giovannucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Folic Acid Fortification ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals A secular trend of increasing pubertal BMI change among Swedish adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bygdell ◽  
Claes Ohlsson ◽  
Jenny M. Kindblom
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
School Health ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Secular Trend ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Military Conscript

AbstractPubertal BMI change is an independent risk marker of cardiovascular mortality/morbidity. Previous studies demonstrated a secular trend of increased childhood BMI but it is unknown if there is a concomitant secular trend regarding pubertal BMI change. The aim of this study was to describe the trend in pubertal BMI change. We collected heights and weights before and after puberty from school health records and military conscript records for boys born every five years during 1946–1991 (n = 3650, total cohort) and calculated pubertal BMI change (young adult BMI at 20 years of age minus childhood BMI at 8 years of age) for all study participants. A secular trend of increasing pubertal BMI change during the study period was observed. The increase in pubertal BMI change (0.27 kg/m2 per decade [0.22; 0.32]) explained 54% of the secular trend of increasing young adult BMI (0.50 kg/m2 per decade [0.43; 0.57]). We made the novel observation that there is a secular trend of increasing pubertal BMI change. We propose that the secular trend of increasing pubertal BMI change might contribute more than the secular trend of increasing childhood BMI to the adverse cardiovascular health consequences associated with the ongoing obesity epidemic.

Evaluation of the effect of screening on the detection of good and poor prognosis breast cancers

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1525-1525
Author(s):  
L. J. van 't Veer ◽  
L. J. Esserman ◽  
S. Linn ◽  
E. Rutgers ◽  
M. Knauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer Incidence ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
Breast Cancers ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Seer Data ◽  
Molecular Profiles

1525 Background: Since the advent of screening, breast cancer incidence has significantly increased in the United States as well as other countries. SEER data from the US shows that the increase is largely in localized disease without a concomitant or significant decrease in regionalized disease. In addition, the increase has occurred essentially in women over 50. We asked whether molecular characterization of tumors would shed light on the types of tumors detected in screening and in locally advanced breast cancers (LABC). Methods: We identified two groups of patients from European studies before and after the introduction of population based screened (in 1995) where the 70-gene prognosis test (MammaPrint) results were available. The first source is the European Validation Study (EVS) (Buyse et al, J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006). The second was a prospective implementation trial of MammaPrint in the Netherlands (RASTER study) (Bueno de Mesquita et al, Lancet Oncol. 2007). The source of LABC patients comes from the multicenter I-SPY TRIAL (CALGB 150007/150012) who underwent routine screening (prior mammogram within 2 years of diagnosis). Results: In women age 50–60, the fraction of cancers that were MammaPrint good prognosis were 40% and 60% prior to and after the introduction of screening, respectively. For women 50–60 who were actually undergoing screening, the fraction of tumors that were MammaPrint good prognosis was 67%. For patients aged 30–40 with stage I and II lymph node-negative disease, who did not undergo screening in either period, the fraction of MammaPrint good prognosis tumors did not change (29% and 31%, for EVS and Raster, respectively). For patients with LABC, from the I-SPY TRIAL, the fraction of tumors that are MammaPrint good prognosis is 7% and 29% for women aged 30–40 and 50–60, respectively. Of the LABC patients undergoing screening, 80% presented clinically during the interval between routine mammograms. Conclusions: Current screening programs are increasing the burden of low-risk cancers. Screening programs should consider including molecular profiles at the time of diagnosis to reduce overtreatment. The majority of LABCs have high-risk molecular profiles and do not present as screen detected cancers. New strategies are needed for early detection of LABC. [Table: see text]

Inflation in Chile and Argentina

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-548
Author(s):  
Norman A. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Industrialized Nations ◽  
Social Upheaval

There is a newly-respectable school of economics which claims that a little inflation is a good thing and necessary to sustain a high rate of economic growth. It has not even been deterred by the experience of the recession of 1958, by which time normal market forces had been tampered with to such an extent that the United States was treated to the novel and startling spectacle of continued inflation in the midst of a downturn in the productive sectors of the economy. These same economists view inflation not only as a good thing in the developed, industrialized nations, but as practically a necessity in the underdeveloped countries. They thus give aid and comfort to those elements in the underdeveloped areas which are attempting to find an easy solution to the problem of industrial growth, a problem which took the advanced countries many decades and much work and social upheaval to solve.

Colorectal Cancer

2016 ◽  
pp. 673-676
Author(s):  
Joleen M. Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Screening Programs

Globally, cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among women. The incidence varies geographically because of differences in the availability of screening programs and access to them. For example, in Africa, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women, but in the United States, where screening is more prevalent, cervical cancer is not among the top 10 causes of cancer deaths. In recent decades, the incidence of cervical cancer, as well as the mortality associated with the disease, has markedly decreased.

The Racial Prejudice Toward The Black In America As Reflected In James Mcbride The Color Of Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Sanopa Sanopa
Keyword(s):  
Postcolonial Theory ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Prejudice ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Race Prejudice ◽  
James Mcbride ◽  
The Impact

This thesis discusses the issue of racial prejudice in America described in the novel The Color of Water written by James Mcbride. This analysis focuses on how blacks are perceived differently by other races in America such as whites. In this study, the authors analyzed three problems, the first why race prejudice occurred in America. How racial prejudices against blacks as uneducated people, how racial prejudice against blacks as criminal.             In analyzing the literary work, the author uses postcolonial theory, it is this theory that allows us to see how the colonial influence both during colonization lasted, before, and after the colonialization ended like today. This theory has a very important meaning, The hidden problems contained behind the facts that have occurred, and very in accordance with the problems contained in the novel the color of water.             In this study, the authors found a 1). bad relationship between the minority and the majority in the United States really happened. 2). Minorities such as blacks get white prejudices. This disharmony of relationships has some impact on the minority itself, the impact of which can be seen from how the quality of life of these minorities. 3).  Another consequence of the harmony of the relationship is the emergence of awareness and motivation in the minority to be equal to the majority.    

scholarly journals Canadian Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines: Do They Need an Update Given Changing Incidence and Global Practice Patterns?

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1558-1570
Author(s):  
Anastasia Kalyta ◽  
Mary A. De Vera ◽  
Stuart Peacock ◽  
Jennifer J. Telford ◽  
Carl J. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Practice Patterns ◽  
Task Force ◽  
The United States ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Cancer Society ◽  
Screening Guidelines ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Similar Incidence

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and second leading cause of cancer death in Canada. Organized screening programs targeting Canadians aged 50 to 74 at average risk of developing the disease have contributed to decreased rates of CRC, improved patient outcomes and reduced healthcare costs. However, data shows that recent incidence reductions are unique to the screening-age population, while rates in people under-50 are on the rise. Similar incidence patterns in the United States prompted the American Cancer Society and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force to recommend screening begin at age 45 rather than 50. We conducted a review of screening practices in Canada, framing them in the context of similar global health systems as well as the evidence supporting the recent U.S. recommendations. Epidemiologic changes in Canada suggest earlier screening initiation in average-risk individuals may be reasonable, but the balance of costs to benefits remains unclear.

scholarly journals Internet-based tool for visualizing county and state level COVID-19 trends in the United States.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Hinz ◽  
Mudaser M Basam ◽  
Kristina Y Aguilera ◽  
Mark LaBarge
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
State Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Death Rates ◽  
Local Areas ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Application Data ◽  
Unites States ◽  
Over Time

The novel COVID-19 outbreak started in 2019 in Wuhan China and quickly spread to at least 185 countries. We developed an interactive web application that allows users to visualize the spread of COVID-19 in the Unites States at state and county levels. This tool allows visualization of how the virus spreads over time and how state-wide efforts to reduce transmissions have affected the curve in local areas. The downloadable application data allows users to conduct additional analyses. We demonstrate exemplars of trend analyses comparing the daily infection and death rates before and after safer at home orders were implemented per state. The goal was to develop a COVID-19 tracking tool that informs users about the spread of the virus to enable them to make informed decisions after better understanding the presented data.

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