scholarly journals A Median Analysis of Factors Influencing Body Fatness in Urban School-Age Children in Cameroon

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Loveline L. Niba ◽  
Paul B. Itor ◽  
Yemele K. Sibelle Aurelie ◽  
Foba M. Singam ◽  
Emmanuel A. Tange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Behavioral Factors ◽  
Percentage Body Fat

Background. Childhood overweight/obesity is a fast growing public health problem in developing countries. The adverse health consequences of obesity have been attributed to higher body fat levels and this has drawn overwhelming attention towards more accurate assessment of body fat. The goal of this study is to evaluate the relationships between selected behavioral factors and percentage body fat (%BF) estimated using bioelectrical impedance analysis in school-age children. Methods. A cross-sectional analysis was carried out in randomly selected 6- to 11-year-old children (507 boys and 501 girls). Percentage body fat was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis. The behavioral factors were reported by parents using a structured questionnaire. Multiple quantile regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between the selected behavioral factors and %BF. Results. With quantile regression, the daily consumption of fruits and vegetables, daily breakfast consumption, and high physical activity (>4–7 times/week) were significantly (p<0.001) associated with a 4.95, 3.29, and 3.66 decrease in median %BF, respectively. Also, consumption of snacks (>3 times a day) (p<0.001), high sedentary lifestyle (>3–6 hours/day) (p<0.001), and motorization to school (p<0.005) significantly increased the median %BF by 3.69, 3.01, and 1.39, respectively. The largest changes in median %BF were observed in girls. Conclusions. Efforts are needed using longitudinal studies to clarify the effects of these behavioral factors on %BF in different regions and ethnic groups of Cameroon and also to assess whether any observed differences are of clinical relevance.

scholarly journals Combining Anthropometry and Bioelectrical Impedance to Predict Body Fat in Female Athletes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas M. Foote ◽  
Max Berkelhammer ◽  
Jane Marone ◽  
Craig A. Horswill
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Prediction Error ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Body Fat

Abstract Context: Accurate methods for predicting percent body fat in female athletes are needed for those who lose weight for competition. Methods mandated by sports-governing bodies for minimal weight determination in such athletes lack validation. Objective: To determine whether combining anthropometry (skinfolds, SF) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in a 3 component model (3C) would improve the prediction of percentage body fat (%Fat) in female athletes. Secondarily, the Slaughter skinfold equation was evaluated. We hypothesized that compared to outcomes for SF or BIA alone, 3C-determined %Fat would not differ from our criterion method (accuracy) and would be a stronger predictor (higher r2) of the criterion. Design: Cross sectional. Setting: Laboratory-based study during the pre-season for collegiate sport. Participants: Female athletes (n=18 D1 NCAA) recruited from swim and gymnastic teams. Main Outcome Variables: %Fat based on a four-compartment (4C) criterion incorporating body density (air displacement plethysmography), total body water (D2O dilution), and bone mineral mass (DEXA) compared to predicted %Fat using SF alone (Slaughter equation), bioelectrical impedance analysis (single frequency for TBW estimate) and combined skinfolds and BIA (3C). Results: Regression revealed that for %Fat using the criterion 4C, the highest adjusted coefficient of determination and lowest prediction error (r2 ±standard error of estimate) was 3C (r2=0.87 ±2.8%) followed by BIA (r2=0.80 ±3.5%) and SF (r2=0.76 ± 3.8%) (for all, p&lt;0.05). Means differed for %Fat determined using BIA (26.6 ±7.5) and 3C (25.5 ±7.2) vs. the 4C (23.5 ±7.4) (ANOVA and post hoc p&lt;0.05). The SF estimate (24.0 +7.8) did not differ from the 4C value. Conclusions: Combining SF and BIA might improve the prediction and lower the prediction error for determining %Fat in female athletes compared to SF or BIA separately. Regardless, the Slaughter skinfold equation appeared accurate for determining the mean %Fat in these female athletes.

scholarly journals Comparison of urban and rural groups of school-age children of the Tuva Republic according to Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis in the context of «transformation» of traditional lifestyle

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
V.А. Batsevich ◽  
Е.Yu. Permiakova ◽  
D.А. Mashina ◽  
O.V. Yasina ◽  
O.V. Khrustaleva
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
School Age ◽  
Small Shift ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The City

This study is concerned with the assessment of body composition indicators for urban and rural schoolchil-dren (related to the same adaptive type) of the Republic of Tuva in the context of «transformation» of the tradi-tional lifestyle. Comprehensive surveys of the population in this region were started by anthropologists back in the 1970s; therefore, this research should be considered as a continuation of the work on the dynamics of adaptation processes among the indigenous population in the light of changes of the environmental factors, primarily socio-economic and cultural. Comparison of morphological characteristics and growth rates of urban and rural school-children is particularly interesting, as changes in the lifestyle of the population during the transition to urban condi-tions entail significant increase in anthropometric indicators, which is especially pronounced in comparison with children of the same age living in less urbanized environment. As such, the relevance of this study is determined by the necessity to assess the degree of adaptation of those modern indigenous groups of the Tuva Republic, which are at the transitional stage from one ecological niche to another. Comparative anthropo-ecological studies have been carried out according to the standard morpho-physiological program in two groups of school-age chil-dren: the first one was examined in the city of Kyzyl (406 individuals) in 2018, and the second one in the Todzhin-sky kozhuun (district) of the Tuva Republic (435 individuals) in 2019. Schoolchildren examined in the capital of the republic (as the place of their birth and residence) can be classified as conditionally urban. This is the first genera-tion born within or moved to the city with parents from various rural areas of the steppe zone of the republic. A large number of internal migrants from other areas have also been found in the villages of Todzha, where previ-ously Todzhan Tuvans represented the ethnic majority. In this study, we assessed the overall body dimensions and body composition indices, acquired using the Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis. The obtained results show that there are virtually no significant differences between the anthropometric data from urban and rural groups of schoolchildren by overall dimensions and body composition across the entire age range. The observed differen-tiation at individual age points is more likely related to sample specifics. The age of menarche is not different in urban and rural groups: for urban girls it is 13.1 years, for rural girls — 13.0 years. The physical characteristics of schoolchildren indicate a relatively small shift in socio-economic conditions in regions with different extent of ur-banization. The differences are smoothed by the gradual withdrawal of the traditional way of life (stockbreeding), which is more intense among the indigenous groups of Siberia. Thus, our interim results of anthropo-ecological study conducted in Tuva Republic show significant desadaptive changes among the local indigenous population, both within the rural and the emerging urban communities.

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