scholarly journals Compatibilizer Polarity Parameters as Tools for Predicting Organoclay Dispersion in Polyolefin Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Marek Weltrowski ◽  
Patricia I. Dolez
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Chain ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Polar Group ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersion ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance

Nanocomposites give an innovative method to increase the mechanical, thermal, and barrier performance of polymers. However, properly dispersing the nanoparticles in the polymer matrix is often key in achieving high performance, especially in the case of hydrophilic nanoparticles and hydrophobic polymers. For that purpose, nanoparticles may be functionalized with organic groups to increase their affinity with the polymer matrix. Compatibilizing agents may also be included in the nanocomposite formulation. This paper aims at identifying parameters relative to the compatibilizer polarity that would allow predicting nanoparticle dispersion in the polymer nanocomposite. The analysis used published data on nanocomposite samples combining clay nanoparticles, polyolefins, and various compatibilizing agents. We studied the correlations between the nanoclay exfoliation ratio and five different parameters describing the compatibilizer hydrophilic-lipophilic balance: the acid value, the mole, and weight fraction of polar groups, the number of polymer chain units per polar group, and the number of moles of polar groups per mole of compatibilizer. The best correlation was observed with the number of polymer chain units per polar group in the compatibilizer. This parameter could be used as a tool to predict the dispersion of organoclay nanoparticles in polyolefins. Another important result of the study is that, among the compatibilizers investigated, those with a low acid value provided a better nanoclay exfoliation compared to those with a high acid value. This may indicate the existence of a maximum in the nanoclay exfoliation/compatibilizer polarity curve, which would open new perspectives for nanocomposite performance optimization.

Analysis of vibration in rotating pretwisted functionally graded graphene platelets reinforced nanocomposite laminated blades with an attached point mass

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110084
Author(s):  
Amin Ghorbani Shenas ◽  
Parviz Malekzadeh ◽  
Sima Ziaee
Keyword(s):  
Free Vibration ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Point Mass ◽  
Attached Mass ◽  
Graphene Platelets ◽  
Twisted Beam

This work presents an investigation on the free vibration behavior of rotating pre-twisted functionally graded graphene platelets reinforced composite (FG-GPLRC) laminated blades/beams with an attached point mass. The considered beams are constituted of [Formula: see text] layers which are bonded perfectly and made of a mixture of isotropic polymer matrix and graphene platelets (GPLs). The weight fraction of GPLs changes in a layer-wise manner. The effective material properties of FG-GPLRC layers are computed by using the modified Halpin-Tsai model together with rule of mixture. The free vibration eigenvalue equations are developed based on the Reddy’s third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) using the Chebyshev–Ritz method under different boundary conditions. After validating the approach, the influences of the GPLs distribution pattern, GPLs weight fraction, angular velocity, the variation of the angle of twist along the beam axis, the ratio of attached mass to the beam mass, boundary conditions, position of attached mass, and geometry on the vibration behavior are investigated. The findings demonstrate that the natural frequencies of the rotating pre-twisted FG-GPLRC laminated beams significantly increases by adding a very small amount of GPLs into polymer matrix. It is shown that placing more GPLs near the top and bottom surfaces of the pre-twisted beam is an effective way to strengthen the pre-twisted beam stiffness and increase the natural frequencies.

scholarly journals Quantification of nanoparticle dispersion within polymer matrix using gap statistics

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 075310 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Anane-Fenin ◽  
E T Akinlabi ◽  
N Perry
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersion

Prediction of tensile strength of polymer carbon nanotube composites using practical machine learning method

2020 ◽  
pp. 002199832095354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien-Thinh Le
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Mean Squared Error ◽  
Gaussian Process Regression ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Input Variables

This paper is devoted to the development and construction of a practical Machine Learning (ML)-based model for the prediction of tensile strength of polymer carbon nanotube (CNTs) composites. To this end, a database was compiled from the available literature, composed of 11 input variables. The input variables for predicting tensile strength of nanocomposites were selected for the following main reasons: (i) type of polymer matrix, (ii) mechanical properties of polymer matrix, (iii) physical characteristics of CNTs, (iv) mechanical properties of CNTs and (v) incorporation parameters such as CNT weight fraction, CNT surface modification method and processing method. As the problem of prediction is highly dimensional (with 11 dimensions), the Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model was selected and optimized by means of a parametric study. The correlation coefficient (R), Willmott’s index of agreement (IA), slope of regression, Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) were employed as error measurement criteria when training the GPR model. The GPR model exhibited good performance for both training and testing parts (RMSE = 5.982 and 5.327 MPa, MAE = 3.447 and 3.539 MPa, respectively). In addition, uncertainty analysis was also applied to estimate the prediction confidence intervals. Finally, the prediction capability of the GPR model with different ranges of values of input variables was investigated and discussed. For practical application, a Graphical User Interface (GUI) was developed in Matlab for predicting the tensile strength of nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Versatile Phase Transfer Method for the Efficient Surface Functionalization of Gold Nanoparticles: Towards Controlled Nanoparticle Dispersion in a Polymer Matrix

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ranoszek-Soliwoda ◽  
Maria Girleanu ◽  
Beata Tkacz-Szczęsna ◽  
Marcin Rosowski ◽  
Grzegorz Celichowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Surface Functionalization ◽  
Transfer Process ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Electron Tomography ◽  
Homogeneous Layer ◽  
Nanoparticle Dispersion ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

In electronic devices based on hybrid materials such as nonvolatile memory elements (NVMEs), it is essential to control precisely the dispersion of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in an insulating polymer matrix such as polystyrene in order to control the functionality of the device. In this work the incorporation of AuNPs in polystyrene films is controlled by tuning the surface functionalization of the metallic nanoparticles via ligand exchange. Two ligands with different structures were used for functionalization: 1-decanethiol and thiol-terminated polystyrene. This paper presents a versatile method for the modification of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with thiol-terminated polystyrene ligands via phase transfer process. An organic colloid of AuNPs (5±1 nm diameter) is obtained by the phase transfer process (from water to toluene) that allows exchanging the ligand adsorbed on AuNPs surface (hydrophilic citrate/tannic acid to hydrophobic thiols). The stability, size distribution, and precise location of modified AuNPs in the polymer matrix are obtained from UV-Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and electron tomography. TEM tomographic 3D imaging demonstrates that the modification of AuNPs with thiol-terminated polystyrene results in homogeneous particle distribution in the polystyrene matrix compared to 1-decanethiol modified AuNPs for which a vertical phase separation with a homogeneous layer of AuNPs located at the bottom of the polymer matrix was observed.

Study on Consist Property of High Wax and Super-Viscous Crude Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 1062-1066
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Polar Group ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Form Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Wax Crystal

The consist property analysis of Daqing and Nile-Oman high wax crude oil and Liaohe super-viscous crude oil was carried on in the paper. The result showed the key factor of high wax crude oil pour point increasing lies in the wax crystal forming and growing and agglomerating at low temperature. The reason of high viscosity of Liaohe super-viscous crude oil has correlation to the high nitrogen polar group weight. The polar groups can form hydrogen bond to make adhesion stronger. At the same time, the crude oil flowing was restrained by increase the macromolecule connection agglomeration in crude oil. The analysis of resin wax ratio of crude oil showed the better viscosity decline effect was appeared only in the condition of resin wax ratio was appropriate.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RASIO MOL, SUHU DAN LAMA REAKSI TERHADAP BILANGAN IOD, BILANGAN ASAM, BILANGAN PEROKSIDA DAN KANDUNGAN SULFONAT SURFAKTAN DARI CPO

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Sri Hidayati ◽  
Illim
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Peroxide Value ◽  
Surface Active Agent ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polar Groups ◽  
Amphiphilic Molecules ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Central Composite

 ABSTRACT A surfactant is a surface-active agent that can be produced by chemical or biochemical synthesis.  The main characteristic of a surfactant is having polar and non polar groups at the same molecule (amphiphilic molecules) and forming head-tail configuration. This research as aimed to obtain      the optimum condition (reaction temperature, sulphonation reaction and molar ratio)                              of sulphonation process in producing MES from CPO methyl ester and to investigate                          the characteristic of MES produced. Measurements conducted include iodine value, acid value, peroxide value and absorbance of Sulfonate. Experimental design used was Response Surface Method (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD) with three factors. MES resulted from this best condition   had following characteristic or CPO was obtained with ratio of reactants of 1:1.5, reaction time of 4.5 hour and reaction temperature of 108.9ºC with Acid value of 13.32 mg KOH/g sample, Iod value  of 41.12 Iod g/100 sample, Peroxide value of 7.6 mmole/1000 g, sulfonat absorbance of 0.76 AU. Keywords :  metil ester sulfonat, acid value, iod value, peroxide value    

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF ETHOXYLATED GLYCEROL MONOOLEATE AS PALM OIL BASED NONIONIC SURFACTANTS

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indri Badria Adilina ◽  
Egi Agustian ◽  
Yenny Meliana ◽  
Anny Sulaswatty
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Glycerol Monooleate

Palm oil based nonionic surfactants were synthesized by reacting glycerol monooleate with ethylene oxide at 80 ºC in the prescence of an alkaline catalyst. Purification of the products was conducted by use of acetic acid and black carbon which gave ethoxylated products (EGMO) with a higher level of viscocity and greater solubility in water. Physical and chemical properties of the product such as surface activity, cloud point, acid value, ester value, hydroxyl value, and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was also determined and results varied depending on the reagent molar ratio. The synthesized EGMO were soluble in water and therefore show potential use as surface active agents in personal care and cosmetic products.Keywords:   nonionic surfactant, ethoxylation, glycerol monooleate, palm oil

scholarly journals An analytical study on panchavalkala choorna - a poly herbal compound in the management of psoriasis

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (04) ◽  
pp. 09-14
Author(s):  
Prasanth Dharmarajan ◽  
Harisha . ◽  
Raiby Paul ◽  
Anup B. Thakar ◽  
Switu Jani
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Herbal Compound ◽  
Phytochemical Profile ◽  
Effective Remedy ◽  
Layer Chromatography

Background: Panchavalkala Choorna is a poly herbal compound made from the barks of five major drugs from the Ficus family. It is widely quoted as an effective remedy in various skin disorders explained under the wide spectrum of Kushta (skin disorders), mentioned in Ayurvedic classics. However, till date no published data is available on the analytical profile of this compound formulation. The present study was aimed to standardize and develop the pharmacognostical and phytochemical profile of Panchavalkala Choorna. The compund was prepared as per classical methods and analytical findings were systematically recorded. The samples were subjected to organoleptic analysis, physicochemical analysis and High performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) examination by optimizing the solvent systems. Pharmacognostical profile of Panchavalkala Choorna was established. Loss on drying, Specific gravity, Viscosity and Refractive index, Iodine value, Acid value and Saponification value of Panchavalkala Choorna were found within prescribed limits. HPTLC fingerprinting profile of ST revealed 6 spots at 254 nm and 4 spots at 366 nm. Two spots were merging in both the long and short UV, showing common characters in both the wavelengths.

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