scholarly journals Neuroprotection by Paeoniflorin against Nuclear Factor Kappa B-Induced Neuroinflammation on Spinal Cord Injury

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Wangying Dai ◽  
Lijun Shi ◽  
Honglin Teng ◽  
Xigong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Regulatory Pathways ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa ◽  
Cord Injury

Background. Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the most common and devastating causes of sensory or motor dysfunction. Nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)-mediated neuroinflammatory responses, in addition to nitric oxide (NO), are key regulatory pathways in SCI. Paeoniflorin (PF), a major active component extracted from Paeonia roots, has been suggested to exert neuroprotective effects in the central nervous system. However, whether PF could improve the motor function after SCI in vivo is still unclear. Method. Immunohistochemical analysis, western blot, real-time quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and histopathological and behavioral evaluation were used to explore the effects of paeoniflorin after SCI for 14 days. Results. In this study, PF treatment significantly inhibited NF-κB activation and downregulated the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2), and Nogo-A. Comparing behavioral and histological changes in SCI and PF treatment groups, we found that PF treatment improved motor function recovery, attenuated the histopathological damage, and increased neuronal survival in the SCI model. PF treatment also reduced expression levels of Bax and c-caspase-3 and increased the expression level of Bcl-2 and cell viabilities. Upregulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β after injury was also prevented by PF. Conclusion. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of PF are related to the inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway. And PF may be a therapeutic strategy in spinal cord injury.

Nuclear factor-kappa B decoy protects spinal cord injury following ischemia/reperfusion in rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 1252 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Masami Nishio ◽  
Takamichi Yuguchi ◽  
Chihiro Akiyama ◽  
Toshiyuki Fuinaka ◽  
Masaaki Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa B ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappa ◽  
Cord Injury

scholarly journals Panax ginsengImproves Functional Recovery after Contusive Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating the Inflammatory Response in Rats: AnIn VivoStudy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Ock Kim ◽  
Youngkyung Kim ◽  
Koeun Lee ◽  
Sae Won Na ◽  
Seon Pyo Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Cresyl Violet ◽  
Lesion Site ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Cox 2

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in permanent loss of motor function below the injured site. Neuroinflammatory reaction following SCI can aggravate neural injury and functional impairment. Ginseng is well known to possess anti-inflammatory effects. The present study investigated the neuroprotective effects ofPanax ginsengC.A. Mayer (P. ginseng) after SCI. A spinal contusion was made at the T11-12 spinal cord in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=47) using the NYU impactor. Motor function was assessed using the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) score inP. ginseng(0.1, 0.5, 1, 3, and 5 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline) treated after SCI. We also assessed the protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at the lesion site by western blot and then measured the cavity area using luxol fast blue/cresyl violet staining.P. ginsengtreated group in SCI showed a significant improvement in locomotor function after the injury. The protein expression of COX-2 and iNOS at the lesion site and the cavity area were decreased following SCI byP. ginsengtreatment. These results suggest thatP. ginsengmay improve the recovery of motor function after SCI which provides neuroprotection by alleviating posttraumatic inflammatory responses.

Recovery from spinal cord injury using naturally occurring antiinflammatory compound curcumin

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ryan Ormond ◽  
Hong Peng ◽  
Richard Zeman ◽  
Kaushik Das ◽  
Raj Murali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Cord Injury

Object Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating disease. Primary SCI results from direct injury to the spinal cord, whereas secondary injury is a side effect from subsequent edema and ischemia followed by activation of proinflammatory cytokines. These cytokines activate the prosurvival molecule nuclear factor–κB and generate obstacles in spinal cord reinnervation due to gliosis. Curcumin longa is an active compound found in turmeric, which acts as an antiinflammatory agent primarily by inhibiting nuclear factor–κB. Here, the authors study the effect of curcumin on SCI recovery. Methods Fourteen female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent T9–10 laminectomy and spinal cord contusion using a weight-drop apparatus. Within 30 minutes after contusion and weekly thereafter, curcumin (60 mg/kg/ml body weight in dimethyl sulfoxide) or dimethyl sulfoxide (1 ml/kg body weight) was administered via percutaneous epidural injection at the injury site. Spinal cord injury recovery was assessed weekly by scoring hindlimb motor function. Animals were killed 6 weeks postcontusion for histopathological analysis of spinal cords and soleus muscle weight evaluation. Results Curcumin-treated rats had improved motor function compared with controls starting from Week 1. Body weight gain significantly improved, correlating with improved Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan scores. Soleus muscle weight was greater in curcumin-treated rats than controls. Histopathological analysis validated these results with increased neural element mass with less gliosis at the contusion site in curcumin-treated rats than controls. Conclusions Epidural administration of curcumin resulted in improved recovery from SCI. This occurred with no adverse effects noted in experimental animals. Therefore, curcumin treatment may translate into a novel therapy for humans with SCI.

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