scholarly journals Oxygen Tension Strongly Influences Metabolic Parameters and the Release of Interleukin-6 of Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmita Banerjee ◽  
Andrea Lindenmair ◽  
Ralf Steinborn ◽  
Sergiu Dan Dumitrescu ◽  
Simone Hennerbichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Human Amniotic Membrane ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Amniotic Cells

The human amniotic membrane (hAM) has been used for tissue regeneration for over a century. In vivo (in utero), cells of the hAM are exposed to low oxygen tension (1–4% oxygen), while the hAM is usually cultured in atmospheric, meaning high, oxygen tension (20% oxygen). We tested the influence of oxygen tensions on mitochondrial and inflammatory parameters of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs). Freshly isolated hAMSCs were incubated for 4 days at 5% and 20% oxygen. We found 20% oxygen to strongly increase mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, especially in placental amniotic cells. Oxygen tension did not impact levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, placental amniotic cells showed lower levels of ROS, independent of oxygen tension. In contrast, the release of nitric oxide was independent of the amniotic region but dependent on oxygen tension. Furthermore, IL-6 was significantly increased at 20% oxygen. To conclude, short-time cultivation at 20% oxygen of freshly isolated hAMSCs induced significant changes in mitochondrial function and release of IL-6. Depending on the therapeutic purpose, cultivation conditions of the cells should be chosen carefully for providing the best possible quality of cell therapy.

scholarly journals Inflammation and Hypoxia Negatively Impact the Survival and Immunosuppressive Properties of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-554
Author(s):  
Carmen Alexandra NECULACHI ◽  
◽  
Livia Ioana LETI ◽  
Alexandrina BURLACU ◽  
Mihai Bogdan PREDA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
No Production ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Post Transplantation ◽  
Murine Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Mortality

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are nonhematopoietic cells with fi broblast-like morphology and multipotent capacity that are widely used in pre-clinical and clinical investigations. Unfortunately, the efficiency of MSC treatment is hindered by the poor survival rate after transplantation at the damaged tissue. The goal of this study was to investigate the fate of MSC exposed to various stimuli mimicking the in vivo microenvironment post transplantation. To this aim, murine bone marrow–derived MSC were stimulated with IFNgama and TNFalfa under low oxygen (hypoxia) or atmospheric (normoxia) conditions for 24 to 72 hours, in order to better mimic an ischemic injury. The results showed that MSC pre-stimulation with TNFalfa and IFNgama enhanced immunosuppressive pathways by over-expression of NOS2, IDO, COX2 and production of NO. However, MSC viability was affected by these two cytokines in dose-dependent and time-dependent manners. Besides, priming with TNFalfa and/or IFNgama under low oxygen concentrations revealed that significantly increased cell mortality rate and decreased NO production. Our data suggest that both hypoxia and infl ammation could impact the cell survival after transplantation and reinforces the necessity of further investigations to better understand MSC behavior after transplantation in order to identify the MSC-based strategies with the highest therapeutic potential.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Browning Agents on the White Adipogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Contribution to Fighting Obesity

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 403
Author(s):  
Girolamo Di Maio ◽  
Nicola Alessio ◽  
Ibrahim Halil Demirsoy ◽  
Gianfranco Peluso ◽  
Silverio Perrotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
White Adipocyte ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
White Fat

Brown-like adipocytes can be induced in white fat depots by a different environmental or drug stimuli, known as “browning” or “beiging”. These brite adipocytes express thermogenin UCP1 protein and show different metabolic advantages, such as the ability to acquire a thermogenic phenotype corresponding to standard brown adipocytes that counteracts obesity. In this research, we evaluated the effects of several browning agents during white adipocyte differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). Our in vitro findings identified two compounds that may warrant further in vivo investigation as possible anti-obesity drugs. We found that rosiglitazone and sildenafil are the most promising drug candidates for a browning treatment of obesity. These drugs are already available on the market for treating diabetes and erectile dysfunction, respectively. Thus, their off-label use may be contemplated, but it must be emphasized that some severe side effects are associated with use of these drugs.

scholarly journals In vivo analysis of DNA-protein interactions on the human erythropoietin enhancer.

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 851-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Hu ◽  
E Wright ◽  
L Campbell ◽  
K L Blanchard
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Tension ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Proximal Promoter ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Initiation Rate ◽  
Cobalt Exposure ◽  
In Cells ◽  
Dna Protein Interactions

The erythropoietin (EPO) gene is one of the best examples of a mammalian gene controlled by oxygen tension. The DNA elements responsible for hypoxia-induced transcription consist of a short region of the proximal promoter and a <50-bp 3' enhancer. The elements act cooperatively to increase the transcriptional initiation rate approximately 100-fold in response to low oxygen tension in Hep3B cells. Two distinct types of transactivating proteins have been demonstrated to bind the response elements in the human EPO enhancer in vitro: one shows hypoxia-inducible DNA binding activity, while the other activity binds DNA under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We have investigated the DNA-protein interactions on the human EPO enhancer in living tissue culture cells that produce EPO in a regulated fashion (Hep3B) and in cells that do not express EPO under any conditions tested (HeLa). We have identified in vivo DNA-protein interactions on the control elements in the human EPO enhancer by ligation-mediated PCR technology. We show that the putative protein binding sites in the EPO enhancer are occupied in vivo under conditions of normoxia, hypoxia, and cobalt exposure in EPO-producing cells. These sites are not occupied in cells that do not produce EPO. We also provide evidence for a conformational change in the topography of the EPO enhancer in response to hypoxia and cobalt exposure.

scholarly journals Effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy on equine umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells in vitro

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramés Salcedo-Jiménez ◽  
Judith Koenig ◽  
Olivia Lee ◽  
Thomas W.G. Gibson ◽  
Pavneesh Madan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Umbilical Cord Blood ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Shock Wave Therapy ◽  
Extracorporeal Shock Wave ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

AbstractExtracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been shown to induce different biological effects on a variety of cells, including regulation and stimulation of their function and metabolism. ESWT can promote different biological responses such as proliferation, migration, and regenerations of cells. Recent studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) secrete factors that enhance the regeneration of tissues, stimulate proliferation and differentiation of cells and decrease inflammatory and immune-reactions. Clinically, the combination of these two therapies has been used as a treatment for tendon and ligament lesions in horses; however, there is no scientific evidence supporting this combination of therapies in vivo. Therefore, the objectives of the study were to evaluate the effects of ESWT on equine umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stromal cells (CB-MSCs) proliferative, metabolic, migrative, differentiation, and immunomodulatory properties in vitro. Three equine CB-MSC cultures from independent donors were treated using an electrohydraulic shock wave generator attached to a water bath. All experiments were performed as triplicates. Proliferation, viability, migration and immunomodulatory properties of the cells were evaluated. Equine CB-MSCs were induced to evaluate their trilineage differentiation potential. ESWT treated cells had increased metabolic activity, showed positive adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation, and showed higher potential for differentiation towards the adipogenic and osteogenic cell fates. ESWT treated cells showed similar immunomodulatory properties to none-ESWT treated cells. Equine CB-MSCs are responsive to ESWT treatment and showed increased metabolic, adipogenic and osteogenic activity, but unaltered immunosuppressive properties. In vivo studies are warranted to determine if synergistic effects occur in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries if ESWT and equine CB-MSC therapies are combined.

Influence of particulate and dissociated metal-on-metal hip endoprosthesis wear on mesenchymal stromal cells in vivo and in vitro

Biomaterials ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Rakow ◽  
Janosch Schoon ◽  
Anke Dienelt ◽  
Thilo John ◽  
Martin Textor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Hip Endoprosthesis ◽  
Metal On Metal
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