scholarly journals Vision Diagnostics and Treatment System for Children with Disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Kasprowski ◽  
Katarzyna Harezlak
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Specialized Software ◽  
System Components ◽  
Proper Diagnosis ◽  
Post Hoc

Vision plays a crucial role in children’s mental development. Therefore, early diagnosis of any vision disparities and implementation of a correct therapy is very important. However, carrying out such a procedure in case of young children and especially children with brain dysfunctions poses some limitations due to cooperation problems. The vision diagnostics and treatment (VisDaT) system presented in this paper is meant to help therapists in proper diagnosis and treatment involving such children. It utilizes a computer connected to two monitors and equipped with a specialized software. The main system components are as follows: an eye tracker recording child’s eye movements and a digital camera monitoring online child’s reactions. The system is equipped with a specialized software, which creates the opportunity to stimulate children’s vision with a dedicated stimulus and post hoc analyses of recorded sessions, which enable making decision as to the future treatment.

Cognitive Processing of Film Cuts Among 4- to 8-Year-Old Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Munk ◽  
Günter Daniel Rey ◽  
Anna Katharina Diergarten ◽  
Gerhild Nieding ◽  
Wolfgang Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Chronological Sequence

An eye tracker experiment investigated 4-, 6-, and 8-year old children’s cognitive processing of film cuts. Nine short film sequences with or without editing errors were presented to 79 children. Eye movements up to 400 ms after the targeted film cuts were measured and analyzed using a new calculation formula based on Manhattan Metrics. No age effects were found for jump cuts (i.e., small movement discontinuities in a film). However, disturbances resulting from reversed-angle shots (i.e., a switch of the left-right position of actors in successive shots) led to increased reaction times between 6- and 8-year old children, whereas children of all age groups had difficulties coping with narrative discontinuity (i.e., the canonical chronological sequence of film actions is disrupted). Furthermore, 4-year old children showed a greater number of overall eye movements than 6- and 8-year old children. This indicates that some viewing skills are developed between 4 and 6 years of age. The results of the study provide evidence of a crucial time span of knowledge acquisition for television-based media literacy between 4 and 8 years.

scholarly journals Tuberculosis contact investigation results among paediatric contacts in low-incidence settings in Finland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Kontturi ◽  
Satu Kekomäki ◽  
Eeva Ruotsalainen ◽  
Eeva Salo
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Endemic Country ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Contact Investigation ◽  
Positive Index

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) risk is highest immediately after primary infection, and young children are vulnerable to rapid and severe TB disease. Contact tracing should identify infected children rapidly and simultaneously target resources effectively. We conducted a retrospective review of the paediatric TB contact tracing results in the Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa from 2012 to 2016 and identified risk factors for TB disease or infection. Altogether, 121 index cases had 526 paediatric contacts of whom 34 were diagnosed with TB disease or infection. The maximum delay until first contact investigation visit among the household contacts under 5 years of age with either TB disease or infection was 7 days. The yield for TB disease or infection was 4.6% and 12.8% for household contacts, 0.5% and 0% for contacts exposed in a congregate setting and 1.4% and 5.0% for other contacts, respectively. Contacts born in a TB endemic country (aOR 3.07, 95% CI 1.10–8.57), with household exposure (aOR 2.96, 95% CI 1.33–6.58) or a sputum smear positive index case (aOR 3.96, 95% CI 1.20–13.03) were more likely to have TB disease or infection.Conclusions: Prompt TB investigations and early diagnosis can be achieved with a well-organised contact tracing structure. The risk for TB infection or disease was higher among contacts with household exposure, a sputum smear positive index case or born in a TB endemic country. Large-scale investigations among children exposed in congregate settings can result in a very low yield and should be cautiously targeted. What is Known:• Vulnerable young children are a high priority in contact tracing and should be evaluated as soon as possible after TB exposure What is New:• Prompt investigations for paediatric TB contacts and early diagnosis of infected children can be achieved with a well-organised contact tracing structure• Large-scale investigations among children exposed in congregate settings can result in a very low yield and should be cautiously targeted

External Appearance and Internal Decoration Design of Loader Based on Eye Tracker

2014 ◽  
Vol 519-520 ◽  
pp. 828-832
Author(s):  
He Shan Liu ◽  
Xun Chen ◽  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Professional Group ◽  
Instrument Panel ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Experimental Subjects

In today’s marketplace, external appearance and internal decoration become an increasingly important factor that affecting sales volume of product. Moreover, for loaders, the external appearance and decoration of the cab may influence the driver’s comfort both visually and mentally. In order to find out how it works, we divided the experimental subjects into professional group and nonprofessional group and used eye tracker to record subjects’ responses (eye movements) to the pictures of the loader, and then analyzed these responses with the eye tracker build-in analyzing software. The results show that the professional are more interested in functional parts and the nonprofessionals are more likely to be influenced by appearance shape and color; the instrument panel is less attracted during the whole experiments.

scholarly journals A Fast and Effective System for Analysis of Optokinetic Waveforms with a Low-Cost Eye Tracking Device

Healthcare ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Chong-Bin Tsai ◽  
Wei-Yu Hung ◽  
Wei-Yen Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Traditional Approaches

Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is an involuntary eye movement induced by motion of a large proportion of the visual field. It consists of a “slow phase (SP)” with eye movements in the same direction as the movement of the pattern and a “fast phase (FP)” with saccadic eye movements in the opposite direction. Study of OKN can reveal valuable information in ophthalmology, neurology and psychology. However, the current commercially available high-resolution and research-grade eye tracker is usually expensive. Methods & Results: We developed a novel fast and effective system combined with a low-cost eye tracking device to accurately quantitatively measure OKN eye movement. Conclusions: The experimental results indicate that the proposed method achieves fast and promising results in comparisons with several traditional approaches.

Eye Movements as a Means to Evaluate Operation Interface of Flat Knitting Machine

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 664-668
Author(s):  
Zhi Hui Liu ◽  
Sheng Ze Wang ◽  
Qiong Shen ◽  
Jia Jun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Objective Evaluation ◽  
Layout Design ◽  
Eye Tracker ◽  
Heat Maps ◽  
Machine Operation

This study investigates the characteristics of eye movements by operating flat knitting machine. For the objective evaluation purpose of the flat knitting machine operation interface, we arrange participants finish operation tasks on the interface, then use eye tracker to analyze and evaluate the layout design. Through testing of the different layout designs, we get fixation sequences, the count of fixation, heat maps, and fixation length. The results showed that the layout design could significantly affect the eye-movement, especially the fixation sequences and the heat maps, the count of fixation and fixation length are always impacted by operation tasks. Overall, data obtained from eye movements can not only be used to evaluate the operation interface, but also significantly enhance the layout design of the flat knitting machine.

scholarly journals Computational Techniques for Eye Movements Analysis towards Supporting Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Beltrán ◽  
Mireya S. García-Vázquez ◽  
Jenny Benois-Pineau ◽  
Luis Miguel Gutierrez-Robledo ◽  
Jean-François Dartigues
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Computational Techniques ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Tools And Techniques

An opportune early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) would help to overcome symptoms and improve the quality of life for AD patients. Research studies have identified early manifestations of AD that occur years before the diagnosis. For instance, eye movements of people with AD in different tasks differ from eye movements of control subjects. In this review, we present a summary and evolution of research approaches that use eye tracking technology and computational analysis to measure and compare eye movements under different tasks and experiments. Furthermore, this review is targeted to the feasibility of pioneer work on developing computational tools and techniques to analyze eye movements under naturalistic scenarios. We describe the progress in technology that can enhance the analysis of eye movements everywhere while subjects perform their daily activities and give future research directions to develop tools to support early AD diagnosis through analysis of eye movements.

INDEX OF SUSPICION

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 391-393
Author(s):  
David M. Tejeda ◽  
Jessica Kaplan ◽  
John S. Andrews ◽  
Catherine DeAngelis ◽  
Neeru Sehgal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
The Past ◽  
General Pediatrician ◽  
Case Presentations

This section of Pediatrics in Review reminds clinicians of those conditions that can present in a misleading fashion and require suspicion for early diagnosis. Emphasis has been placed on conditions in which early diagnosis is important and that the general pediatrician might be expected to encounter, at least once in a while. The reader is encouraged to write possible diagnoses for each case before turning to the discussion, which is on the following page. We invite readers to contribute case presentations and discussions. Case 1 Presentation The parents of a 22-month-old boy complain that he has been increasingly clumsy and cranky for the past 7 days. He initially developed a stumbling gait and now prefers to crawl; he no longer can sit on his own. The child has been afebrile but has had a cough for several weeks. He has been on antibiotics for otitis media (with a presumed labyrinthitis) for 5 days. There have been no other recent illnesses, and he has not been ill in the past. On examination, the child appears irritable and has occasional jerking movements of his extremities. His temperature is 36.3°C, pulse is 128 beats/min, and blood pressure is 84/40 mm Hg. Chaotic, irregular eye movements are present.

scholarly journals Prospective selected biomarkers in COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahani Tabassum ◽  
Ahsab Rahman ◽  
Yusha Araf ◽  
Md A Ullah ◽  
Mohammad J Hosen
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Viral Pathogenesis ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Proper Treatment ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Disease Prognosis ◽  
Proper Diagnosis

COVID-19 has become a global health concern, due to the high transmissible nature of its causal agent and lack of proper treatment. Early diagnosis and nonspecific medical supports of the patients appeared to be effective strategy so far to combat the pandemic caused by COVID-19 outbreak. Biomarkers can play pivotal roles in timely and proper diagnosis of COVID-19 patients, as well as for distinguishing them from other pulmonary infections. Besides, biomarkers can help in reducing the rate of mortality and evaluating viral pathogenesis with disease prognosis. This article intends to provide a broader overview of the roles and uses of different biomarkers in the early diagnosis of COVID-19, as well as in the classification of COVID-19 patients into multiple risk groups.

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