scholarly journals Reversible Data Hiding with Pixel Prediction and Additive Homomorphism for Encrypted Image

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunqiang Yu ◽  
Xianquan Zhang ◽  
Zhenjun Tang ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Jingyu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Additive Homomorphism

Data hiding in encrypted image is a recent popular topic of data security. In this paper, we propose a reversible data hiding algorithm with pixel prediction and additive homomorphism for encrypted image. Specifically, the proposed algorithm applies pixel prediction to the input image for generating a cover image for data embedding, referred to as the preprocessed image. The preprocessed image is then encrypted by additive homomorphism. Secret data is finally embedded into the encrypted image via modular 256 addition. During secret data extraction and image recovery, addition homomorphism and pixel prediction are jointly used. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can accurately recover original image and reach high embedding capacity and good visual quality. Comparisons show that the proposed algorithm outperforms some recent algorithms in embedding capacity and visual quality.

scholarly journals High Capacity Reversible Data Hiding Based on the Compression of Pixel Differences

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1435
Author(s):  
Kai-Meng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Correlation ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Encryption Scheme ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Block Level

In this paper, we proposed a novel reversible data hiding method in encrypted image (RDHEI), which is based on the compression of pixel differences. In the proposed method, at the content owner’ side the image is divided into non-overlapping blocks, and a block-level image encryption scheme is used to generate the encrypted image, which partially retains spatial correlation in the blocks. Due to the spatial correlation, in each block the pixels are highly likely to be similar. Therefore, the pixel differences in all blocks are concentrated in a small range and can be compressed. By the compression of pixel differences, the data hider can vacate the room to accommodate secret data in the encrypted image without losing information. At the receiver’s side, the receiver can obtain secret data or retrieve the original image using different keys with no error. The experimental results demonstrate that, compared with existing methods, the proposed method can achieve a higher capacity and visual quality.

scholarly journals Reversible Data Hiding Scheme with High Embedding Capacity Using Semi-Indicator-Free Strategy

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jiann-Der Lee ◽  
Yaw-Hwang Chiou ◽  
Jing-Ming Guo
Keyword(s):  
Vector Quantization ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Bit Rate ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Compressed Images ◽  
Search Order ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Embedding Rate

A novel reversible data-hiding scheme is proposed to embed secret data into a side-matched-vector-quantization- (SMVQ-) compressed image and achieve lossless reconstruction of a vector-quantization- (VQ-) compressed image. The rather random distributed histogram of a VQ-compressed image can be relocated to locations close to zero by SMVQ prediction. With this strategy, fewer bits can be utilized to encode SMVQ indices with very small values. Moreover, no indicator is required to encode these indices, which yields extrahiding space to hide secret data. Hence, high embedding capacity and low bit rate scenarios are deposited. More specifically, in terms of the embedding rate, the bit rate, and the embedding capacity, experimental results show that the performance of the proposed scheme is superior to those of the former data hiding schemes for VQ-based, VQ/SMVQ-based, and search-order-coding- (SOC-) based compressed images.

scholarly journals Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Color Halftone Images with High Capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Xia Sun ◽  
Bin Yan ◽  
Jeng-Shyang Pan ◽  
Hong-Mei Yang ◽  
Na Chen
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Watermark Embedding ◽  
Continuous Tone ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Halftone Images

In recent years, reversible data hiding (RDH) has become a research hotspot in the field of multimedia security that has aroused more and more researchers’ attention. Most of the existing RDH algorithms are aiming at continuous-tone images. For RDH in encrypted halftone images (RDH-EH), the original cover image cannot be recovered losslessly after the watermark is extracted. For some application scenarios such as medical or military images sharing, reversibility is critical. In this paper, a reversible data hiding scheme in encrypted color halftone images (RDH-ECH) is proposed. In the watermark embedding procedure, the cover image is copied into two identical images to increase redundancy. We use wet paper code to embed the watermark into the image blocks. Thus, the receiver only needs to process the image blocks by the check matrices in order to extract the watermarks. To increase embedding capacity, we embed three layers in the embedding procedure and combine the resulting images into one image for convenience of transmission. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the original image can be restored entirely after the watermarks are extracted. Besides, for marked color halftone images, our algorithm can implement high embedding capacity and moderate visual quality.

scholarly journals A New Kind of High Capacity and Security Reversible Data Hiding Scheme

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
Bin Ma ◽  
Xiao-Yu Wang ◽  
Bing Li
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Gain Factor ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Spreading Sequence ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Code Division Multiple ◽  
Spreading Sequences

A novel high capacity and security reversible data hiding scheme is proposed in this article, in which the secret data is represented by different orthogonal spreading sequences and repeatedly embedded into the cover image without disturbing each other in the light of Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) technique, and thus the embedding capacity is enlarged. As most elements of orthogonal spreading sequences are mutually canceled in the process of repeated embedding, it keeps the distortion of the embedded image at a low level even with high embedding capacity. Moreover, only the receiver who has the spreading sequence and the embedding gain factor the same as the sender can extract the secret data and achieve the original image exactly, thus the proposed scheme achieves high embedding security than other schemes. The results of the experiment demonstrates that the CDMA based reversible data hiding scheme could achieve higher image quality at moderate-to-high embedding capacity compared with other state-of-the-art schemes.

scholarly journals Separable Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image Based on Two-Dimensional Permutation and Exploiting Modification Direction

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 976
Author(s):  
Chunqiang Yu ◽  
Chenmei Ye ◽  
Xianquan Zhang ◽  
Zhenjun Tang ◽  
Shanhua Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Peak Points ◽  
Exploiting Modification Direction

In this paper, we propose a separable reversible data hiding method in encrypted image (RDHEI) based on two-dimensional permutation and exploiting modification direction (EMD). The content owner uses two-dimensional permutation to encrypt original image through encryption key, which provides confidentiality for the original image. Then the data hider divides the encrypted image into a series of non-overlapping blocks and constructs histogram of adjacent encrypted pixel errors. Secret bits are embedded into a series of peak points of the histogram through EMD. Direct decryption, data extraction and image recovery can be performed separately by the receiver according to the availability of encryption key and data-hiding key. Different from some state-of-the-art RDHEI methods, visual quality of the directly decrypted image can be further improved by the receiver holding the encryption key. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art methods in embedding capacity and visual quality.

scholarly journals Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image Based on Multi-MSB Embedding Strategy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2058
Author(s):  
Dewang Wang ◽  
Xianquan Zhang ◽  
Chunqiang Yu ◽  
Zhenjun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Original Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Encrypted Image ◽  
Embedding Strategy ◽  
Embedding Rate

In this paper, a reversible data hiding method in encrypted image (RDHEI) is proposed. Prior to image encryption, the embeddable pixels are selected from an original image according to prediction errors due to adjacent pixels with strong correlation. Then the embeddable pixels and the other pixels are both rearranged and encrypted to generate an encrypted image. Secret bits are directly embedded into the multiple MSBs (most significant bit) of the embeddable pixels in the encrypted image to generate a marked encrypted image during the encoding phase. In the decoding phase, secret bits can be extracted from the multiple MSBs of the embeddable pixels in the marked encrypted image. Moreover, the original embeddable pixels are restored losslessly by using correlation of the adjacent pixels. Thus, a reconstructed image with high visual quality can be obtained only when the encryption key is available. Since exploiting multiple MSBs of the embeddable pixels, the proposed method can obtain a very large embedding capacity. Experimental results show that the proposed method is able to achieve an average embedding rate as large as 1.7215 bpp (bits per pixel) for the BOW-2 database.

scholarly journals Efficient Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for AMBTC-Compressed Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6741
Author(s):  
Chia-Chen Lin ◽  
Thai-Son Nguyen ◽  
Chin-Chen Chang ◽  
Wen-Chi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Absolute Moment ◽  
Compressed Images ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Efficiency Rate

Reversible data hiding has attracted significant attention from researchers because it can extract an embedded secret message correctly and recover a cover image without distortion. In this paper, a novel, efficient reversible data hiding scheme is proposed for absolute moment block truncation code (AMBTC) compressed images. The proposed scheme is based on the high correlation of neighboring values in two mean tables of AMBTC-compressed images to further losslessly encode these values and create free space for containing a secret message. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed scheme obtained a high embedding capacity and guaranteed the same PSNRs as the traditional AMBTC algorithm. In addition, the proposed scheme achieved a higher embedding capacity and higher efficiency rate than those of some previous schemes while maintaining an acceptable bit rate.

scholarly journals High Embedding Capacity Data Hiding Algorithm for H.264/AVC Video Sequences without Intraframe Distortion Drift

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh-Chien Nguyen ◽  
Thai-Son Nguyen ◽  
Chin-Chen Chang ◽  
Huan-Sheng Hsueh ◽  
Fang-Rong Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Low Distortion ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Advanced Video Coding ◽  
Distortion Drift ◽  
Capacity Data

Data hiding is a technique that allows secret data to be delivered securely by embedding the data into cover digital media. In this paper, we propose a new data hiding algorithm for H.264/advanced video coding (AVC) of video sequences with high embedding capacity. In the proposed scheme, to embed secret data into the quantized discrete cosine transform (QDCT) coefficients of I frames without any intraframe distortion drift, some embeddable coefficient pairs are selected in each block, and they are divided into two different groups, i.e., the embedding group and the averting group. The embedding group is used to carry the secret data, and the averting group is used to prevent distortion drift in the adjacent blocks. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme can avoid intraframe distortion drift and guarantee low distortion of video sequences. In addition, the proposed scheme provides enhanced embedding capacity compared to previous schemes. Moreover, the embedded secret data can be extracted completely without the requirement of the original secret data.

scholarly journals Taylor expansion based stereo image reversible data hiding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyang Ying ◽  
Guobing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Taylor Expansion ◽  
Stereo Image ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Stereo Images ◽  
Secret Data ◽  
Stego Image ◽  
Multi Level

Abstract The reversible data hiding allows original image to be completely recovered from the stego image when the secret data has been extracted, it is has drawn a lot of attentions from researchers. In this paper, a novel Taylor Expansion (TE) based stereo image reversible data hiding method is presented. Since the prediction accuracy is essential to the data hiding performance, a novel TE based predictor using correlations of two views of the stereo image is proposed. TE can fully exploit strong relationships between matched pixels in the stereo image so that the accuracy of the prediction can be improved. Then, histogram shifting is utilized to embed data to decrease distortion of stereo images, and multi-level hiding can increase embedding capacity. Experimental results show that the proposed method is superior to some existing data hiding methods considering embedding capacity and the quality of the stego stereo images.

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