scholarly journals Design of Optical Sensor Membrane Based on Polymer Poly(methyl methacrylate) for Paracetamol Detection in Traditional Herbal Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rimadani Pratiwi ◽  
Shelvy Elizabeth Suherman ◽  
Rajkannah A. L. Poongan ◽  
Mutakin Mutakin ◽  
Aliya Nur Hasanah

Generally, regulation states that herbal medicines are remedies containing plants or preparation of plants as active ingredients only. Paracetamol is one of the drugs that is frequently added in herbal medicine to enhance the effect as an analgesic. The government regulation disallows chemical drugs contained in herbal medicine due to the toxic effect of uncontrolled consumption. On this study, the optical sensor membrane from polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was synthesized by phase inversion method and was used to detect paracetamol in herbal medicine. PMMA was made in three different concentrations 5%, 7.5%, and 10% and was mixed with ferric chloride (FeCl3), Folin-Ciocalteu, and Nessler reagent as specific colorimetric reagents for paracetamol detection, with a ratio of solvent:reagent was 6:4; 7:3; and 8:2. The result of the experiment shows that PMMA-FeCl3 7.5% (7:3), PMMA-Folin 5% (6:4), and PMMA-Nessler 5% (6:4) give the best performance for paracetamol detection. Real herbal medicine samples were analyzed to confirm the practical application of this sensor, and the result shows good agreement with UV-Vis data. The results show that optical sensor membrane which has been developed can be used as new detection method of paracetamol for community application.

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessalegn Asmelashe Gelayee ◽  
Gashaw Binega Mekonnen ◽  
Seyfe Asrade Atnafe ◽  
Mequanent Kassa Birarra ◽  
Assefa Belay Asrie

Background. Herbal medicine use is increasing and the global market is estimated to be US$107 billion by the year 2017. Objectives. This study aimed at assessing community pharmacists’ personal use, knowledge, attitude, dispensing practice, and the barriers regarding herbal medicines. Methods. Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 47 community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, using a structured interviewing questionnaire. Results. Nearly half of the respondents (n=22, 46.8%) sometimes use herbal medicines. Although knowledge related to such preparations was self-rated as poor/acceptable (n=34, 72.4%), majority (n=44, 93.7%) of community pharmacists agree/strongly agree that herbal medicines have beneficial effects. Only 6 (12.7%) of them are sometimes/often engaged in dispensing herbal medicines and most of them (n=34, 72.3%) rarely/never counseled clients regarding these preparations. Limited knowledge on and access to information regarding herbal medicines are the main barriers to the pharmacists’ practice. Conclusion. Although community pharmacists in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, commonly use and demonstrated good attitude towards herbal medicines, they are less involved in dispensing such products. They are also challenged with limited knowledge on and access to herbal medicine information. Thus, pharmacy educators, professional organizations, and the government shall pay more attention to solve the problem. Regulatory provisions on herbal medicine dispensing must be enacted and communicated very well.


Author(s):  
Claudia Sarmento Gadelha ◽  
Vicente Maia Pinto Junior ◽  
Kevia Katiucia Santos Bezerra ◽  
Patricio Borges Maracajá ◽  
Débora S. S. Martins

<p>A utilização de plantas medicinais como medicina alternativa é uma pratica milenar, no entanto, a inserção de fitoterápicos é recente, porém, tem sido incentivado a sua prescrição pelo SUS.  A Organização Mundial de Saúde,  leva em consideração a cultura e a biodiversidade existentes no Brasil, tendo em vista a complexidade que envolve a fitoterapia, a Política Nacional de Planta Medicinal e Fitoterápico. Esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo avaliar o uso de fitoterápicos e de plantas medicinais na saúde básica do município de Sousa-PB. Para isso foram aplicados formulários com pacientes/usuários e profissionais de saúde (Médicos e Enfermeiros), a respeito do uso, indicações, contra indicações dentre outros. A pesquisa foi realizada entre os meses de julho a outubro de 2014. Em relação ao faixa etária 90% dos entrevistados possuem idade entre 22 e 59 anos, com relação à renda dos usuários 40% dos mesmos possuem uma renda de menos de R$ 1.000,00, já à indicação do uso de plantas medicinais 96,7% dos usuários utilizam por indicação popular. Em relação as plantas mais usadas pelos pacientes foram citadas: Quebra pedra 58 citações, Hortelã 44, Aroeira 38, Babosa 32, Alecrim do nordeste 16 e unha de gato 10 citações, 58,4% dos usuários acham excelente a ideia de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos do SUS disponível para a comunidade, 90% dos profissionais de saúde consideram inserção da fitoterapia no SUS e principalmente nas UFS como avanço para a terapia comunitária, 88% dos profissionais de saúde relataram que os conhecimentos que possuem não são suficientes para uma orientação e/ou prescrição adequada e plantas medicinais ou de fitoterápicos, em relação a freqüência e recomendações que os profissionais de saúde prescrevem fitoterápicos foram antidepressivo, calmante com uma freqüência de 0,35, seguidos de tosse, gripe e sistema respiratório com 0,31 e mal estar gástrico com 0,21. Entretanto, de acordo com os dados encontrados na pesquisa, sugerem-se mais incentivos por partes do poder público, além, de capacitação aos profissionais de saúde para que os mesmos se sintam preparados para prescrever fitoterápicos.</p><p class="Default" align="center"><strong><em>Use of herbal and medicinal plants in different segments of society</em></strong><em></em></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>:  The use of medicinal plants as alternative medicine is an ancient practice, however, the inclusion of herbal medicines is recent, however, has been encouraged their prescription by SUS. The World Health Organization, takes into account the culture and the existing biodiversity in Brazil, in view of the complexity involved in herbal medicine, the National Policy on Medicinal Plant and Herbal. This research aimed to evaluate the use of herbal and medicinal plants in the basic health of the municipality of Sousa-PB. To this were applied forms with patients / users and health professionals (doctors and nurses), regarding the use, indications, contraindications among others. The survey was conducted between the months of July to October 2014. In relation to the age group 90% of respondents have aged between 22 and 59, in relation to income users 40% of them have an income of less than R $ 1,000 , 00, as the indication of the use of medicinal plants 96.7% of users use a popular statement. Regarding the plants most used by patients were cited: Breaking stone 58 quotes, Mint 44, Aroeira 38, 32 Aloe, Rosemary Northeast 16 and cat's claw 10 citations. 58.4% of users find the excellent idea of SUS medicinal plants and herbal medicines available to the community, 90% of health professionals consider insertion of herbal medicine in the SUS and especially in the UFS as an advance for the community therapy, 88% of professionals Health reported that the knowledge they have are not enough for an orientation and / or proper prescription and medicinal herbal plants or in relation to frequency and recommendations that herbal prescribing health professionals were antidepressant, soothing with a frequency of 0.35, followed by cough, flu and respiratory system with 0.31 and 0.21 with gastric discomfort. However, according to the data found in the search, it is suggest more incentives for parts of the government, in addition, training for health professionals so that they feel prepared to prescribe herbal medicines.</p>


Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Muchtar Riva’i

The law arrangement of franchise law was first explicitly regulated by the Government Regulation No. 16 of 1997 which is then updated by Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 to be created in an agreement that at least contains clauses as stipulated by Article 5 of the Government Regulation. However, franchise arrangements also associated with a variety of other laws and regulations applicable in Indonesia. This article is going to state that the importance of partnerships with small and medium enterprises as an effort to encourage the involvement of the wider economic community.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Khodijatul Qodriyah

The lack of students’ knowledge of their teachers’ works and the less of their consciousness to the environment are crucial problems in some islamic boardingschool, especially in Nurul Jadid. These issues will be settled by implementation of religious preaching (dakwah) with poem (syi’ir) in Syu’abul Iman of Kiai Zaini Mun’im and prefentive action to the illness through herbal medicines of family crops medicine (tanaman obat keluarga). The program is undertaken with some phases, including planting family crops medicine, making herbal medicines, musicalisation of poem in book of Syu’abul Iman, socialization of the herbal medicine and musical poem of Syu’abul Iman. These phases have been structured with long-term, middle-term, and short-term programs which were finished during approximately 4 months (Augustus – November 2019). The involvement of many parties, such as activists of environment in Nurul Jadid, has strongly influenced on the successful implementation of these programs.Keywords: Family Crops Medicine, Nurul Jadid Islamic Boardingschool, Book of Syu’abul Iman


2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
Nindy Danisa Wulandari

Development of food security implemented to meet the human basic needs that provide benefits fairly and equitably based on self – reliance, and not contrary to public faith. Referring to the government regulation No 22 of 2009 concerning Food Consumption Diversification Acceleration (P2KP). However, it is not supported by the development of women farmers. The method use in this research is quantitative descriptive analysis using SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Treath). The samples in this study is the purposive sample. Result of a study showed the amount of income earned from the group of women farmers in the one month is 150,000/ members. Proper development strategies used in the development strategies used in the development KWT Melati is a Growth Oriented Strategy is very profitable strategy to seize opportunities with the strength. Pembangunan ketahan pangan dilaksanakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar manusia yang memberikan manfaat secara adil dan merata berdasarkan kemandirian, dan tidak bertentangan dengan keyakinan masyarakat. Mengacu pada Peraturan Pemerintah No 22 Tahun 2009 mengenai Percepatan Penganekaragaman Konsumsi Pangan (P2KP). Namun, hal ini tidak didukung dengan adanya pengembangan kelompok wanita tani. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Treath). Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan sampel purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukan besaran pendapatan yang diperoleh dari adanya kelompok wanita tani dalam satu bulan adalah Rp.150.000/bulan/anggota. Strategi pengembangan yang tepat digunakan dalam pengembangan Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Melati adalah Growth Oriented Strategy.


Author(s):  
Muchimah MH

Government Regulation No. 9 of 1975 related to the implementation of marriage was made to support and maximize the implementation of Law No. 1 of 1974 which had not yet proceeded properly. This paper examines Government Regulations related to the implementation of marriage from the perspective of sociology and anthropology of Islamic law. Although the rules already exist, some people still carry out marriages without being registered. This is anthropologically the same as releasing the protection provided by the government to its people for the sake of a rule. In the sociology of Islamic law, protection is a benchmark for the assessment of society in the social environment. Therefore the purpose of this paper is to find out how the implementation of marriage according to PP. No. 9 of 1975 concerning the Marriage Law in the socio-anthropological perspective of Islamic Law.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Ferry Fadzlul Rahman

Abortion is a social phenomenon that is increasingly alarming. The concern is not without reason, because so far the behavior of abortion many negative effects both for themselves the perpetrators and the wider community. With the passing of the Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2014 on Reproductive Health still raises the pros and cons in the middle of the community. The approach used to address the problem that the above problems are normative juridical approach. Based on the results of the study need to decriminalize abortion in Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2014 on Reproductive Health which has the goal of creating the legal basis for abortion and the experts who helped him as an indication of a medical emergency or pregnancy due to rape, and factors inhibiting the decriminalization of abortion is legal factors themselves, law enforcement officials factors, factors facilities or infrastructure, community factors, and cultural factors. Suggestion that the author should the government needs to review the Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2014 on Reproductive Health in particular Article 31 and Article 34 within the limited evidence of rape victims in just 40 days because of the time limit is not relative to the law enforcement agencies to prove it, as well as regarding the evidentiary aspects of pregnancy due to rape victims in order to avoid an impression of legitimizing the act of abortion in any form. Keywords: Abortion, , Reproductive Health


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ferry Fadzul Rahman

Abortion is a social phenomenon that is increasingly alarming. The concern is not without reason, because so far the behavior of abortion many negative effects both for themselves the perpetrators and the wider community. With the passing of the Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2014 on Reproductive Health still raises the pros and cons in the middle of the community. The approach used to address the problem that the above problems are normative juridical approach. Based on the results of the study need to decriminalize abortion in Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2014 on Reproductive Health which has the goal of creating the legal basis for abortion and the experts who helped him as an indication of a medical emergency or pregnancy due to rape, and factors inhibiting the decriminalization of abortion is legal factors themselves, law enforcement officials factors, factors facilities or infrastructure, community factors, and cultural factors. Suggestion that the author should the government needs to review the Government Regulation No. 61 Year 2014 on Reproductive Health in particular Article 31 and Article 34 within the limited evidence of rape victims in just 40 days because of the time limit is not relative to the law enforcement agencies to prove it, as well as regarding the evidentiary aspects of pregnancy due to rape victims in order to avoid an impression of legitimizing the act of abortion in any form.


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